第一种: Map map = new HashMap(); Iterator iter = map.entrySet().iterator(); while (iter.hasNext()) { Map.Entry entry = (Map.Entry) iter.next(); Object key = entry.getKey(); Object val = entry.getValue(); } 效率高,以后一定要使用此种方式! 第二种: Map map = new HashMap(); Iterator iter = map.keySet().iterator(); while (iter.hasNext()) { Object key = iter.next(); Object val = map.get(key); } 效率低,以后尽量少使用! HashMap的遍历有两种常用的方法,那就是使用keyset及entryset来进行遍历,但两者的遍历速度是有差别的,下面请看实例: public class HashMapTest { public static void main(String[] args) ...{ HashMap hashmap = new HashMap(); for (int i = 0; i < 1000; i ) ...{ hashmap.put("" i, "thanks"); } long bs = Calendar.getInstance().getTimeInMillis(); Iterator iterator = hashmap.keySet().iterator(); while (iterator.hasNext()) ...{ System.out.print(hashmap.get(iterator.next())); } System.out.println(); System.out.println(Calendar.getInstance().getTimeInMillis() - bs); listHashMap(); } public static void listHashMap() ...{ java.util.HashMap hashmap = new java.util.HashMap(); for (int i = 0; i < 1000; i ) ...{ hashmap.put("" i, "thanks"); } long bs = Calendar.getInstance().getTimeInMillis(); java.util.Iterator it = hashmap.entrySet().iterator(); while (it.hasNext()) ...{ java.util.Map.Entry entry = (java.util.Map.Entry) it.next(); // entry.getKey() 返回与此项对应的键 // entry.getValue() 返回与此项对应的值 System.out.print(entry.getValue()); } System.out.println(); System.out.println(Calendar.getInstance().getTimeInMillis() - bs); } } 对于keySet其实是遍历了2次,一次是转为iterator,一次就从hashmap中取出key所对于的value。而entryset只是遍历了第一次,他把key和value都放到了entry中,所以就快了。 注:Hashtable的遍历方法和以上的差不多! ......