大数据-HBas操作

HBase操作

Shell操作

（1）查看表操作

list

（2）显示当前服务器状态

status 'hostname'

（3）显示当前用户

whoami

（4）创建表

create 'table_name','columnFamily'

（5）向表中添加数据

put 'table_name','rowkey','columnFamily:column_name','value'

（6）查询表

scan 'table_name'

（7）查询表的指定范围

scan 'table_name',{STARTROW => 'rowkey', STOPROW => 'rowkey'}

（8）查看表结构

describe 'table_name'

（9）查看表是否存在

exists 'table_name'

（10）变更表结构信息

alter 'table_name',{Name=>columnFamily',key=>'value'}

（11）查看指定数据信息

# 查看具体的rowkey
get 'table_name',‘rowkey’
# 查看具体的列
get 'table_name',‘rowkey’,'columnFamily:column_name'

（11）删除指定数据

# 删除具体的列
delete 'table_name','rowkey','columnFamily:column_name'
# 删除具体的rowkey
deleteall 'table_name','rowkey'

（13）清空表

truncate 'table_name'

（14）删除表

disable 'table_name'
drop 'tablename'

（15）统计rowkey个数

count 'table_name'

（16）分区创建表

create 'table_name','columnFamily','partition',SPLITS => ['rowkey1','rowkey2']
create 'table_name','columnFamily','partition',SPLITS_FILE => 'file'

API操作

（1）配置windows下C:\Windows\System32\drivers\etc的hosts文件

# Copyright (c) 1993-2009 Microsoft Corp.
#
# This is a sample HOSTS file used by Microsoft TCP/IP for Windows.
#
# This file contains the mappings of IP addresses to host names. Each
# entry should be kept on an individual line. The IP address should
# be placed in the first column followed by the corresponding host name.
# The IP address and the host name should be separated by at least one
# space.
#
# Additionally, comments (such as these) may be inserted on individual
# lines or following the machine name denoted by a '#' symbol.
#
# For example:
#
#      102.54.94.97     rhino.acme.com          # source server
#       38.25.63.10     x.acme.com              # x client host

# localhost name resolution is handled within DNS itself.
#	127.0.0.1       localhost
#	::1             localhost

192.168.138.130 Hadoop1
192.168.138.129 Hadoop2
192.168.138.128 Hadoop3

（2）将core-site.xml、hdfs-site.xml和hbase-site.xml文件放到IDEA中的resources下

（3）常见的API操作

package com.Hbase.util;

import org.apache.hadoop.conf.Configuration;
import org.apache.hadoop.hbase.*;
import org.apache.hadoop.hbase.client.*;
import org.apache.hadoop.hbase.util.Bytes;

import java.io.IOException;
import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.List;

/**
 * HbaseOperation class
 *
 * @author Administration
 * @date 2019/05/20
 */
public class HBaseOperation {
    private static Configuration conf;
    private static Connection connection;

    static {
        try {
            //获取HBase的配置
            conf = HBaseConfiguration.create();
            //创建HBase连接
            connection = ConnectionFactory.createConnection(conf);
        } catch (IOException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
    }

    /**
     * @param tableName table name
     * @return boolean
     * @throws IOException
     */
    //判断HBase中表是否存在
    public static boolean isExist(String tableName) throws IOException {
        //获取HBase的管理
        HBaseAdmin admin = (HBaseAdmin) connection.getAdmin();
        return admin.tableExists(TableName.valueOf(tableName));
    }

    /**
     * @param tableName table name
     * @param columnFamily column Family
     * @throws IOException
     */
    //在HBase中创建表
    public static void createTable(String tableName, String... columnFamily) throws IOException {
        //获取HBase的管理
        HBaseAdmin admin = (HBaseAdmin) connection.getAdmin();
        //创建描述器
        HTableDescriptor hTableDescriptor = new HTableDescriptor(TableName.valueOf(tableName));
        //遍历列簇
        for (String s: columnFamily){
            hTableDescriptor.addFamily(new HColumnDescriptor(s));
        }
        //创建表
        admin.createTable(hTableDescriptor);
    }

    /**
     * @param tableName table name
     * @param rowKey row key
     * @param columnFamily column Family
     * @param columnName column Name
     * @param value
     * @throws IOException
     */
    //向表中添加数据
    public static void addData(String tableName, String rowKey, String columnFamily, String columnName, String value) throws IOException {
        //获取表
        Table table = connection.getTable(TableName.valueOf(tableName));
        //添加数据put方式
        Put put = new Put(rowKey.getBytes());
        //指定列簇、列名和值
        put.addColumn(columnFamily.getBytes(),columnName.getBytes(),value.getBytes());

        table.put(put);
    }

    /**
     * @param tableName table name
     * @param rowKey row key
     * @throws IOException
     */
    //删除行数据
    public static void deleteData(String tableName, String rowKey) throws IOException {
        //获取表
        Table table = connection.getTable(TableName.valueOf(tableName));
        //删除数据delete方式
        Delete delete = new Delete(rowKey.getBytes());

        table.delete(delete);
    }

    /**
     * @param tableName table name
     * @param rowKey row key
     * @throws IOException
     */
    //删除多行数据
    public static void deleteRow(String tableName, String... rowKey) throws IOException {
        //获取表
        Table table = connection.getTable(TableName.valueOf(tableName));
        //初始化List
        List<Delete> list = new ArrayList<Delete>();
        //遍历行ID
        for (String s: rowKey){
            //删除数据delete方式
            Delete delete = new Delete(s.getBytes());
            //添加delete到List中
            list.add(delete);
        }

        table.delete(list);
    }

    /**
     * @param tableName table name
     * @throws IOException
     */
    //查看表
    public static void scanTable(String tableName) throws IOException {
        //获取表
        Table table = connection.getTable(TableName.valueOf(tableName));
        //实例化Scan
        Scan scan = new Scan();
        //获取查看表的结果
        ResultScanner scanner = table.getScanner(scan);
        //遍历查询结果
        for (Result rs: scanner){
            //获取单元格
            Cell[] cells = rs.rawCells();
            //遍历单元格
            for (Cell c: cells){
                System.out.println("rowKey: "+ Bytes.toString(CellUtil.cloneRow(c)));
                System.out.println("column+cell: "+Bytes.toString(CellUtil.cloneFamily(c))
                                    +":"+Bytes.toString(CellUtil.cloneQualifier(c)));
                System.out.println("value: "+Bytes.toString(CellUtil.cloneValue(c)));
            }
        }
    }

    /**
     * @param tableName table name
     * @throws IOException
     */
    //删除表
    public static void deleteTable(String tableName) throws IOException {
        //获取HBase的管理
        HBaseAdmin admin = (HBaseAdmin) connection.getAdmin();
        //设置表不可用
        admin.disableTable(TableName.valueOf(tableName));
        //删除表
        admin.deleteTable(TableName.valueOf(tableName));
    }

    public static void main(String[] args) {
        try {
            System.out.println(isExist("hbase"));
            createTable("Destiny","info1","info2");
            addData("Destiny","Zhang","info1","name","Jabin");
            deleteData("Destiny","Zhang");
            deleteRow("Destiny","1001","1002");
            scanTable("Destiny");
            deleteTable("Destiny");
        } catch (IOException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
    }
}