OpenCV笔记（二十九）轮廓周围绘制矩形框和圆形框

一、相关API

1.approxPolyDP

基于RDP算法实现,目的是减少多边形轮廓点数

approxPolyDP(
    InputArray  curve, 
    OutputArray approxCurve,  
    double  epsilon,  
    bool  closed)

2.boundingRect

得到轮廓周围最小矩形左上交点坐标和右下角点坐标，绘制一个矩形

cv::boundingRect(InputArray points)

3.minAreaRect

得到一个旋转的矩形，返回旋转矩形

cv::minAreaRect(InputArray  points)

4.minEnclosingCircle

轮廓周围绘制圆

cv::minEnclosingCircle(InputArray points, //得到最小区域圆形
	Point2f& center, // 圆心位置

5.fitEllipse

轮廓周围绘制椭圆

cv::fitEllipse(InputArray  points)得到最小椭圆

二、处理步骤

1. 首先将图像变为二值图像
2. 发现轮廓，找到图像轮廓
3. 通过相关API在轮廓点上找到最小包含矩形和圆，旋转矩形与椭圆。
4. 绘制它们。

三、综合例程

#include <opencv2/opencv.hpp>
#include <iostream>
#include <math.h>

using namespace std;
using namespace cv;
Mat src, gray_src, drawImg;
int threshold_v = 170;
int threshold_max = 255;
const char* output_win = "rectangle-demo";
RNG rng(12345);
void Contours_Callback(int, void*);
int main(int argc, char** argv) {
	src = imread("D:/vcprojects/images/hotball.png");
	if (!src.data) {
		printf("could not load image...\n");
		return -1;
	}
	cvtColor(src, gray_src, CV_BGR2GRAY);
	blur(gray_src, gray_src, Size(3, 3), Point(-1, -1));
	
	const char* source_win = "input image";
	namedWindow(source_win, CV_WINDOW_AUTOSIZE);
	namedWindow(output_win, CV_WINDOW_AUTOSIZE);
	imshow(source_win, src);

	createTrackbar("Threshold Value:", output_win, &threshold_v, threshold_max, Contours_Callback);
	Contours_Callback(0, 0);

	waitKey(0);
	return 0;
}

void Contours_Callback(int, void*) {
	Mat binary_output;
	vector<vector<Point>> contours;
	vector<Vec4i> hierachy;
	threshold(gray_src, binary_output, threshold_v, threshold_max, THRESH_BINARY);
	//imshow("binary image", binary_output);
	findContours(binary_output, contours, hierachy, RETR_TREE, CHAIN_APPROX_SIMPLE, Point(-1, -1));

	vector<vector<Point>> contours_ploy(contours.size());
	vector<Rect> ploy_rects(contours.size());
	vector<Point2f> ccs(contours.size());
	vector<float> radius(contours.size());

	vector<RotatedRect> minRects(contours.size());
	vector<RotatedRect> myellipse(contours.size());

	for (size_t i = 0; i < contours.size(); i++) {
		approxPolyDP(Mat(contours[i]), contours_ploy[i], 3, true);
		ploy_rects[i] = boundingRect(contours_ploy[i]);
		minEnclosingCircle(contours_ploy[i], ccs[i], radius[i]);
		if (contours_ploy[i].size() > 5) {
			myellipse[i] = fitEllipse(contours_ploy[i]);
			minRects[i] = minAreaRect(contours_ploy[i]);
		}
	}

	// draw it
	drawImg = Mat::zeros(src.size(), src.type());
	Point2f pts[4];
	for (size_t t = 0; t < contours.size(); t++) {
		Scalar color = Scalar(rng.uniform(0, 255), rng.uniform(0, 255), rng.uniform(0, 255));
		//rectangle(drawImg, ploy_rects[t], color, 2, 8);
		//circle(drawImg, ccs[t], radius[t], color, 2, 8);
		if (contours_ploy[t].size() > 5) {
			ellipse(drawImg, myellipse[t], color, 1, 8);
			minRects[t].points(pts);
			for (int r = 0; r < 4; r++) {
				line(drawImg, pts[r], pts[(r + 1) % 4], color, 1, 8);
			}
		}
	}

	imshow(output_win, drawImg);
	return;
}