【gdb调试笔记】

使用gdb调试：

源代码：

 1 // gdb debug
  2 // meet.c
  3 # include<stdio.h>
  4 # include<stdlib.h>
  5 
  6 void greeting(char *temp1, char *temp2)
  7 {
  8         char name[400];
  9         strcpy(name, temp2);
 10         printf("Hello %s %s \n", temp1, name);
 11 }
 12 
 13 int main(int argc, char *argv[] )
 14 {
 15         greeting(argv[1], argv[2]);
 16         printf("Bye %s %s \n", argv[1], argv[2]);
 17 }

GDB常用命令：

b<function>	在function处设置断点
b*mem	在指定的绝对内存位置设置断点
infob	显示相关断点信息
deleteb	删除断点
inforeg	显示相关当前寄存器状态信息
Infothread	查看线程
stepior si	执行一条指令
nextor n	执行一个函数
c	继续执行
finish	执行到返回
bt	回溯命令显示栈帧的名称
up/down	向上或向下移动栈帧
printvar	打印变量信息
X/ NT A	检查内存，其中N表示要显示的单位数，T表示显示的数据类型（x:hex,d:dec,c:char,s:string,i:instruction），A表示绝对地址或像main这样的符号名称
quit	退出gdb

调试：

调试程序需执行一下指令，让程序重新编译，包含所需调试信息。

gcc -g -o meet meet.c
zhon@zhon-Rev-1-0:~$ gdb meet 
GNU gdb (Ubuntu/Linaro 7.4-2012.02-0ubuntu2) 7.4-2012.02
Copyright (C) 2012 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
License GPLv3+: GNU GPL version 3 or later <http://gnu.org/licenses/gpl.html>
This is free software: you are free to change and redistribute it.
There is NO WARRANTY, to the extent permitted by law.  Type "show copying"
and "show warranty" for details.
This GDB was configured as "x86_64-linux-gnu".
For bug reporting instructions, please see:
<http://bugs.launchpad.net/gdb-linaro/>...
Reading symbols from /home/zhon/meet...done.
(gdb) run Mr Haxor
Starting program: /home/zhon/meet Mr Haxor
Hello Mr Haxor 
Bye Mr Haxor

(gdb) b main
Breakpoint 1 at 0x40064d: file meet.c, line 15.
(gdb) print
The history is empty.
(gdb) list
6	void greeting(char *temp1, char *temp2)
7	{
8		char name[400];
9		strcpy(name, temp2);
10		printf("Hello %s %s \n", temp1, name);
11	}
12	
13	int main(int argc, char *argv[] )
14	{
15		greeting(argv[1], argv[2]);
(gdb) run Mr Haxor
Starting program: /home/zhon/meet Mr Haxor

Breakpoint 1, main (argc=3, argv=0x7fffffffe088) at meet.c:15
15		greeting(argv[1], argv[2]);
(gdb) n
Hello Mr Haxor 
16		printf("Bye %s %s \n", argv[1], argv[2]);
(gdb) n
Bye Mr Haxor 
17	}
(gdb) p argv[1]
$1 = 0x7fffffffe38e "Mr"
(gdb) p argv[2]
$2 = 0x7fffffffe391 "Haxor"
(gdb) info b
Num     Type           Disp Enb Address            What
1       breakpoint     keep y   0x000000000040064d in main at meet.c:15
	breakpoint already hit 1 time
(gdb) info reg
rax            0xe	14
rbx            0x0	0
rcx            0xc	12
rdx            0x7ffff7dd59f0	140737351866864
rsi            0x7ffffff3	2147483635
rdi            0x0	0
rbp            0x7fffffffdfa0	0x7fffffffdfa0
rsp            0x7fffffffdf90	0x7fffffffdf90
r8             0x7ffff7dd2660	140737351853664
r9             0x7ffff7a5f1e4	140737348235748
r10            0x5	5
r11            0x246	582
r12            0x400500	4195584
r13            0x7fffffffe080	140737488347264
r14            0x0	0
r15            0x0	0
rip            0x400699	0x400699 <main+91>
eflags         0x206	[ PF IF ]
cs             0x33	51
ss             0x2b	43
ds             0x0	0
es             0x0	0
fs             0x0	0
---Type <return> to continue, or q <return> to quit---q
Quit
(gdb) quit
A debugging session is active.

	Inferior 1 [process 16297] will be killed.

Quit anyway? (y or n) y

反汇编：
(gdb) disassemble greeting
Dump of assembler code for function greeting:
   0x00000000004005c4 <+0>:	push   %rbp
   0x00000000004005c5 <+1>:	mov    %rsp,%rbp
   0x00000000004005c8 <+4>:	sub    $0x1b0,%rsp
   0x00000000004005cf <+11>:	mov    %rdi,-0x1a8(%rbp)
   0x00000000004005d6 <+18>:	mov    %rsi,-0x1b0(%rbp)
   0x00000000004005dd <+25>:	mov    %fs:0x28,%rax
   0x00000000004005e6 <+34>:	mov    %rax,-0x8(%rbp)
   0x00000000004005ea <+38>:	xor    %eax,%eax
   0x00000000004005ec <+40>:	mov    -0x1b0(%rbp),%rdx
   0x00000000004005f3 <+47>:	lea    -0x1a0(%rbp),%rax
   0x00000000004005fa <+54>:	mov    %rdx,%rsi
   0x00000000004005fd <+57>:	mov    %rax,%rdi
   0x0000000000400600 <+60>:	callq  0x4004b0 <strcpy@plt>
   0x0000000000400605 <+65>:	mov    $0x40078c,%eax
   0x000000000040060a <+70>:	lea    -0x1a0(%rbp),%rdx
   0x0000000000400611 <+77>:	mov    -0x1a8(%rbp),%rcx
   0x0000000000400618 <+84>:	mov    %rcx,%rsi
   0x000000000040061b <+87>:	mov    %rax,%rdi
   0x000000000040061e <+90>:	mov    $0x0,%eax
   0x0000000000400623 <+95>:	callq  0x4004d0 <printf@plt>
   0x0000000000400628 <+100>:	mov    -0x8(%rbp),%rax
   0x000000000040062c <+104>:	xor    %fs:0x28,%rax
   0x0000000000400635 <+113>:	je     0x40063c <greeting+120>
   0x0000000000400637 <+115>:	callq  0x4004c0 <__stack_chk_fail@plt>
   0x000000000040063c <+120>:	leaveq 
   0x000000000040063d <+121>:	retq   
End of assembler dump.