ARM驱动学习之21_字符驱动

                              ARM驱动学习之21_字符驱动

操作步骤：

file_operations中的函数比较多，
选取用的比较多的函数简单介绍，
后
面的驱动教程中调用了对应的函数

• int (*open) (struct inode *, struct file *)
– 打开函数
• int (*release) (struct inode *, struct file *)
– 释放close函数
• long (*unlocked_ioctl) (struct file *, unsigned int, unsigned long)
– io控制函数
• ssize_t (*read) (struct file *, char __user *, size_t, loff_t *)
– 读函数
• ssize_t (*write) (struct file *, const char __user *, size_t, loff_t *)
– 写函数
• loff_t (*llseek) (struct file *, loff_t, int)
– 定位函数

1.修改文件名为char_driver并修改Makefile里面的文件。

定义函数如下：
/*打开操作*/
static int chardevnode_open(struct inode * inode,struct file * file){
    printk(KERN_EMERG "chardevnode_open is opened! \n");
    return 0;
}

/*关闭操作*/
static int chardevnode_release(struct inode *inode,struct file *file){
    printk(KERN_EMERG "chardevnode_release is release! \n");
    return 0;     
}

/*IO操作*/
static long chardevnode_ioctl (struct file *file, unsigned int cmd, unsigned long arg){
    printk(KERN_EMERG "chardevnode_ioctl is success! cmd is %d,arg is %d \n",cmd,arg);
    return 0;  
}

static ssize_t chardevnode_read (struct file *file , char __user *buf, size_t count, loff_t *f_ops){
    return 0; 
}

static ssize_t chardevnode_write (struct file *file , const char __user *buf, size_t count, loff_t *f_ops){
    return 0; 
}

static loff_t chardevnode_llseek (struct file *file , loff_t offset, int ence){
    return 0; 
}

2.在struct file_operations my_fops = {
    .owner = THIS_MODULE,
    .open = chardevnode_open，
    .release = chardevnode_release,
    .unlocked_ioctl = chardevnode_ioctl,
    .read = chardevnode_read,
    .write = chardevnode_write,
    .llseek = chardevnode_llseek,
};

2.修改invoke_hello.c文件：

1.将“invoke_hello.c”改为“invoke_char_driver.c”
在文件中添加如下内容：
char *hello_node0 = "/dev/chardevnode0";
char *hello_node1 = "/dev/chardevnode1";
2.修改函数名为hello_node0 和 hello_node1;
if((fd = open(hello_node0,O_RDWR|O_NDELAY)) < 0)
{
    printf();
}

close(fd);

编译应用命令如下
– arm-none-linux-gnueabi-gcc -o invoke_char_driver invoke_char_driver.c -static

代码，设备节点：

#include <linux/init.h>
/*包含初始化宏定义的头文件,代码中的module_init和module_exit在此文件中*/
#include <linux/module.h>
/*包含初始化加载模块的头文件,代码中的MODULE_LICENSE在此头文件中*/
/*定义module_param module_param_array的头文件*/
#include <linux/moduleparam.h>
/*定义module_param module_param_array中perm的头文件*/
#include <linux/stat.h>
/*字符设备函数*/
#include <linux/fs.h>
/*MDKDEV转换设备号数据类型宏定义*/
#include <linux/kdev_t.h>
/*定义字符设备的结构体*/
#include <linux/cdev.h>
/*分配内存空间函数头文件*/
#include <linux/slab.h>

#include <linux/device.h>


#define DEVICE_NAME "chardevnode"
#define DEVICE_MINOR_NUM 2
#define DEV_MAJOR 0
#define DEV_MINOR 0

#define REGDEV_SIZE 3000


MODULE_LICENSE("Dual BSD/GPL");
/*声明是开源的，没有内核版本限制*/
MODULE_AUTHOR("iTOPEET_dz");
/*声明作者*/

static int numdev_major = DEV_MAJOR ;//主设备号
static int numdev_minor = DEV_MINOR ;//次设备号

module_param(numdev_major,int,S_IRUSR);
module_param(numdev_minor,int,S_IRUSR);



struct reg_dev
{
    char *data;
    unsigned long size;
    struct cdev cdev;
};
struct reg_dev *my_devices;
static struct class * myclass;




/*打开操作*/
static int chardevnode_open(struct inode * inode,struct file * file){
    printk(KERN_EMERG "chardevnode_open is success! \n");
    return 0;
}

/*关闭操作*/
static int chardevnode_release(struct inode *inode,struct file *file){
    printk(KERN_EMERG "chardevnode_release is success! \n");
    return 0;     
}

/*IO操作*/
static long chardevnode_ioctl (struct file *file, unsigned int cmd, unsigned long arg){
    printk(KERN_EMERG "chardevnode_ioctl is success! cmd is %d,arg is %d \n",cmd,arg);
    return 0;  
}


ssize_t chardevnode_read (struct file *file , char __user *buf, size_t count, loff_t *f_ops){
    return 0; 
}

ssize_t chardevnode_write (struct file *file , const char __user *buf, size_t count, loff_t *f_ops){
    return 0; 
}

loff_t chardevnode_llseek (struct file *file , loff_t offset, int ence){
    return 0; 
}

struct file_operations my_fops = {
    .owner = THIS_MODULE,
	.open = chardevnode_open,
	.release = chardevnode_release,
	.unlocked_ioctl = chardevnode_ioctl,
	.read = chardevnode_read,
	.write = chardevnode_write,
	.llseek = chardevnode_llseek,
};



/*设备注册到系统*/
static void reg_init_cdev(struct reg_dev *dev,int index){
    int err;
    int devno = MKDEV(numdev_major,numdev_minor + index);
    /*数据初始化*/
    cdev_init(&dev -> cdev,&my_fops);
    dev -> cdev.owner = THIS_MODULE;
    dev -> cdev.ops = &my_fops;

    err = cdev_add(&dev -> cdev,devno,1);
    if(err){
        printk(KERN_EMERG "failed,cdev_add is %d ,index is %d\n",err,index);
    }
    else{
        printk(KERN_EMERG "cdev_add %d success\n",index);
		printk(KERN_EMERG "numdev_minor  is %d",numdev_minor);
    }

}

static int Ascdev_init(void)
{
	int ret = 0;
	int i = 0;
	
	printk(KERN_EMERG "numdev_major is %d!\n",numdev_major);
	printk(KERN_EMERG "numdev_minor is %d!\n",numdev_minor);
	
	dev_t num_dev;
	if(numdev_major){
		num_dev = MKDEV(numdev_major,numdev_minor);
		//宏命令，用于处理各种设备号相关的数据
		//设备注册
		ret = register_chrdev_region(num_dev,DEVICE_MINOR_NUM,DEVICE_NAME);
		if(ret < 0)
		{
			 printk(KERN_EMERG "register_chrdev_region req is %d is failed \n",num_dev );
			 
		}
		printk(KERN_EMERG "register_chrdev_region %d is success \n",numdev_major);	
	}
	else{
		ret = alloc_chrdev_region(&num_dev,numdev_minor,DEVICE_MINOR_NUM,DEVICE_NAME);
		if(ret < 0)
		{
			 printk(KERN_EMERG "alloc_chrdev_region req is %d is failed \n",num_dev );
			 return -1;
		}
		numdev_major = MAJOR(num_dev);//huoqu 
		printk(KERN_EMERG "numdev_major is %d \n",numdev_major);
	}

	myclass = class_create(THIS_MODULE,DEVICE_NAME);

	
	my_devices = kmalloc(DEVICE_MINOR_NUM * sizeof(struct reg_dev),GFP_KERNEL);	
	if(!my_devices){
		ret = -ENOMEM;
		goto fail;
	}	
	memset(my_devices,0,DEVICE_MINOR_NUM * sizeof(struct reg_dev));//初始化缓存为0；
	for(i = 0;i < DEVICE_MINOR_NUM;i ++){
    my_devices[i].data = kmalloc(REGDEV_SIZE,GFP_KERNEL);
    memset(my_devices[i].data,0,REGDEV_SIZE);
    reg_init_cdev(&my_devices[i],i);
	device_create(myclass,NULL,MKDEV(numdev_major,numdev_minor + i),NULL,DEVICE_NAME"%d",i);//这个 i 可以创建chardevnode0，chardevnode1		
	}
	
	printk(KERN_EMERG "Ascdev enter!\n");
	/*打印信息，KERN_EMERG表示紧急信息*/
	return 0;
	
fail:
    unregister_chrdev_region(MKDEV(numdev_major,numdev_minor),DEVICE_MINOR_NUM);
    printk(KERN_EMERG "kmalloc is fail\n");
    
    return ret;	
	
	
}

static void Ascdev_exit(void)
{	
	int i;
	for(i = 0;i < DEVICE_MINOR_NUM;i++){
		cdev_del(&(my_devices[i].cdev));	
		device_destroy(myclass,MKDEV(numdev_major,numdev_minor + i));

	}
	
	class_destroy(myclass);
//	kfree(myclass);	
	unregister_chrdev_region(MKDEV(numdev_major,numdev_minor),DEVICE_MINOR_NUM);
	printk(KERN_EMERG "Ascdev exit!\n");
}


module_init(Ascdev_init);
/*初始化函数*/
module_exit(Ascdev_exit);
/*卸载函数*/

应用：

/*************************************************************************
> File Name: Invoke.c
> Author: 
> Mail: 
> Created Time: Fri 27 Sep 2019 10:51:55 PM CST
************************************************************************/

#include<stdio.h>
#include<sys/types.h>
#include<sys/stat.h>
#include<fcntl.h>
#include <unistd.h>
#include <sys/ioctl.h>

int main(void)
{
	char * hello_node0 = "/dev/chardevnode0";
	char * hello_node1 = "/dev/chardevnode1";
	
    int fd; 
    if(fd = open(hello_node0,O_RDWR|O_NDELAY) < 0){
        printf("hello_node0 open %s is failed\r\n",hello_node0);
       }
   else{
        printf("hello_node0 open  %s is success\r\n",hello_node0);
		
    }
	close(fd);
    if(fd = open(hello_node1,O_RDWR|O_NDELAY) < 0){
        printf("hello_node1 open %s is failed\r\n",hello_node1);
       }
   else{
        printf("hello_node1 open  %s is success\r\n",hello_node1);
		
    }	
	close(fd);
    return 0;
}

运行结果：

[root@iTOP-4412]# ls
chardevicenode.ko   invoke_char_driver
[root@iTOP-4412]# insmod chardevicenode.ko                                                                     
[ 1951.543724] numdev_major is 0!
[ 1951.545312] numdev_minor is 0!
[ 1951.548335] numdev_major is 248 
[ 1951.553133] cdev_add 0 success
[ 1951.554733] numdev_minor  is 0
[ 1951.559293] cdev_add 1 success
[ 1951.561050] numdev_minor  is 0
[ 1951.565035] Ascdev enter!
[root@iTOP-4412]# ls /sys/class                                                                                
android_usb   gpsdrv        kovaplus      net           scsi_device   ump
arvo          graphics      lcd           power_supply  scsi_disk     usb_device
backlight     i2c-adapter   lirc          ppp           scsi_generic  video4linux
bdi           i2c-dev       mali          pyra          scsi_host
block         ieee80211     mdio_bus      rc            sound
bluetooth     input         mem           rc522         spi_master
chardevnode   kone          misc          regulator     switch
firmware      koneplus      mmc_host      rtc           tty
[root@iTOP-4412]# ls /dev/chardevnode*                                                                         
/dev/chardevnode0  /dev/chardevnode1
[root@iTOP-4412]# ./invoke_char_driver                                                                         
[ 2065.729172] chardevnode_open is success! 
[ 2065.732435] chardevnode_open is success! 
[ 2065.735821] chardevnode_release is success! 
[ 2065.740939] chardevnode_release is success! 
hello_node0 open  /dev/chardevnode0 is successhello_node1 open  /dev/chardevnode1 is success[root@iTOP-4412]# 
[root@iTOP-4412]# rmmod chardevicenode                                                                         
[ 2072.553457] Ascdev exit!