Machine Learning A-Z学习笔记6

Machine Learning A-Z学习笔记6

第六章逻辑回归

1.简单原理

如以下例子，运用线性回归不能很好的拟合模型

此时可以采用逻辑预测购买者的购买概率

通过Sigmoid函数将元贝的回归线变成范围在0~1之间的曲线，代表0%购买率和100%购买率

假设年龄为是20、30、40、50，则相应的购买概率为0.7%、23%、85%、99.4%。

预测购买率大于50%的则认为会进行购买

2.相关代码

# Logistic Regression
"""
逻辑回归:年紀+收入vs购买车辆
"""

# Importing the libraries

import numpy as np
import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
import pandas as pd

# Importing the dataset

dataset = pd.read_csv('Social_Network_Ads.csv')
X = dataset.iloc[:, [2,3]].values
y = dataset.iloc[:, 4].values

# 数据分割
from sklearn.model_selection import train_test_split
X_train, X_test, y_train, y_test = train_test_split(X, y, test_size = 0.25, random_state = 0)

# 特征缩放
from sklearn.preprocessing import StandardScaler
sc_X = StandardScaler()
X_train = sc_X.fit_transform(X_train)
X_test = sc_X.transform(X_test)

# 模型训练-random_state:打乱数据的顺序

from sklearn.linear_model import LogisticRegression
classifier = LogisticRegression(random_state = 0)
classifier.fit(X_train, y_train)

# Predicting the Test set results

y_pred = classifier.predict(X_test)

# 混淆矩阵
from sklearn.metrics import confusion_matrix
cm = confusion_matrix(y_test, y_pred)

# 训练结果可视化

from matplotlib.colors import ListedColormap

X_set, y_set = X_train, y_train
X1, X2 = np.meshgrid(np.arange(start = X_set[:, 0].min() - 1, stop = X_set[:, 0].max() + 1, step = 0.01),
                     np.arange(start = X_set[:, 1].min() - 1, stop = X_set[:, 1].max() + 1, step = 0.01))
plt.contourf(X1, X2, classifier.predict(np.array([X1.ravel(), X2.ravel()]).T).reshape(X1.shape),
             alpha = 0.75, cmap = ListedColormap(('red', 'green')))
plt.plot(X2)
plt.xlim(X1.min(), X1.max())
plt.ylim(X2.min(), X2.max())
for i, j in enumerate(np.unique(y_set)):
    plt.scatter(X_set[y_set == j, 0], X_set[y_set == j, 1],
                c = ListedColormap(('orange', 'blue'))(i), label = j)
plt.title('Logistic Regression (Training set)')
plt.xlabel('Age')
plt.ylabel('Estimated Salary')
plt.legend()
plt.show()

# Visualising the Test set results
from matplotlib.colors import ListedColormap
X_set, y_set = X_test, y_test
X1, X2 = np.meshgrid(np.arange(start = X_set[:, 0].min() - 1, stop = X_set[:, 0].max() + 1, step = 0.01),
                      np.arange(start = X_set[:, 1].min() - 1, stop = X_set[:, 1].max() + 1, step = 0.01))
plt.contourf(X1, X2, classifier.predict(np.array([X1.ravel(), X2.ravel()]).T).reshape(X1.shape),
              alpha = 0.75, cmap = ListedColormap(('red', 'green')))
plt.xlim(X1.min(), X1.max())
plt.ylim(X2.min(), X2.max())
for i, j in enumerate(np.unique(y_set)):
    plt.scatter(X_set[y_set == j, 0], X_set[y_set == j, 1],
                c = ListedColormap(('orange', 'blue'))(i), label = j)
plt.title('Logistic Regression (Test set)')
plt.xlabel('Age')
plt.ylabel('Estimated Salary')
plt.legend()
plt.show()