scala模式匹配

最新推荐文章于 2023-02-24 22:27:59 发布

Joie.

最新推荐文章于 2023-02-24 22:27:59 发布

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本文链接：https://blog.csdn.net/Joie_TJ/article/details/109290007

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scala模式匹配

//模式匹配的基础语法
    def match1(x:Char):Unit = x match {
     case 'A' => println("verygood")
     case 'B' => println("good")
     case 'C' => println("soso")
     case _ => println("work harder")
    }
    match1('D')

//模式匹配中使用if守卫模式
    def match2(x:Char):Unit = x match {
     case 'A' => println("verygood")
     case 'B' => println("good")
     case 'C' => println("soso")
     case _ if x=="aa" => println(x+"not bad")
     case _ => println("work harder")
    }

    match2('A')

 //在模式匹配中进行变量赋值
    def match3(id:String,subject:String):Unit = id match {
     case "1" => println("English")
     case "2" => println("Chinese")
     case _ if subject=="math" => println(subject)
     case _ => println("this subject id is "+id)
    }

    match3("4","art" )

//对类型进行模式匹配（案例：异常处理）
    def match4(e:Exception):Unit = e match {
      case e:IndexOutOfBoundsException => println("IndexOutOfBoundsException")
      case e:FileNotFoundException => println("FileNotFoundException")
      case e:NullPointerException => println("NullPointerException")
      case _:Exception => println("Exception")
    }

    match4(new IndexOutOfBoundsException)

//对ArrayheList进行模式匹配
//Array
def match5(arr:Array[String]):Unit = {
  arr match {
    case Array("KB09") => println("Hello KB09")
    case Array(girl1,girl2,girl3) => println("Hello"+girl1+"&"+girl2+"&"+girl3)
    case Array("KB09",_*) => println("Hello KB09*")
    case _ => println("who are you ?")
  }
}
    
var arr1 = Array("KB09","KN05","KN07","KN02")   //Hello KB09*
var arr2 = Array("KB09")                        //Hello KB09
var arr3 = Array("KB09","KN05","KN07")          //Hello KB09 & KB05 &KB07
var arr4 = Array("KB02","KN05","KN07","KN09")   //who are you ?

//样例类和模式匹配
class Person
case class Teacher(name:String,subject:String) extends Person
case class Student(name:String,classroom:Int) extends Person
case class Worker(name:String,work:String) extends Person
case class Stranger() extends Person

def match6(p:Person):Unit = p match {
  case Teacher("DiLi","Chinese") => println("DiLi 老师找到了")	//和if守卫模式一样，精确匹配
  case Teacher(name,subject) => println(s"hello，$name teacher,welcome to school,you teach subject is "+subject)
  case Student(name,classroom) => println(s"hello，$name,welcome to school,you classroom is "+classroom)
  case Worker(name,work) if work == "repairman" => println(s"hello，$name,welcome to school,you work is "+work)
  case Worker(name,work) => println(s"hello，$name,welcome to school,you work is "+work)
  case _ => println("you can not into school")
}

match6(Teacher("Loe","English"))    //hello，Loe teacher,welcome to school,you teach subject is English
match6(Student("Joie",6))           //hello，Joie,welcome to school,you classroom is 6
match6(Worker("Jay","repairman"))   //hello，Jay,welcome to school,you work is repairman
match6(Worker("Tan","fixman"))      //hello，Tan,welcome to school,you work is fixman
match6(Stranger())                  //you can not into school

//Option与模式匹配
val map = Map("zs"->"a","ls"->"b","ww"->"c")

def match7(name:String):Unit = {
  var score = map.get(name)
  score match {
    case Some(score) => println(name+"成绩为"+score)
    case None => println("没有"+name+"的成绩")
  }
}

match7("zs")     //zs成绩为a
match7("Leo")    //没有Leo的成绩