Spring5(6) —— DI依赖注入

• 依赖注入：本质就是set注入！即依赖注入就是一个赋值操作，属性没有对应的set方法是不能实现这个属性的依赖注入的
  • 依赖：bean对象的依赖对象的实例化，依赖于spring容器(这里说的bean所依赖的对象说的是这个bean内部引用的其他类的对象)
  • 注入：bean对象中的属性，包括对象属性，都由spring容器来注入/赋值

如果我们去吧name属性的set方法删除

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spring中依赖注入的3种方式

1.使用构造器注入

    就是前面我们在spring配置文件中实现的按照构造器实例化bean对象

    链接: link.

2.使用set方式注入【重点】

    即调用类的set方法完成的依赖注入

3.其他/拓展方式注入

    即使用c和p命名空间完成属性值的依赖注入

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【环境搭建】

1. 复杂类型

   package com.thhh.pojo;
   
   public class Address {
       private String address;
   
       public String getAddress() {
           return address;
       }
   
       public void setAddress(String address) {
           this.address = address;
       }
   }
   

2. 真实测试对象

   package com.thhh.pojo;
   
   import java.util.List;
   import java.util.Map;
   import java.util.Properties;
   import java.util.Set;
   
   public class Student {
       private String name;
       private Address address;
       private String[] books;
       private List<String> hobbys;
       private Map<String,String> card;
       private Set<String> games;
       private String wife;
       private Properties properties;
   
       public String getName() {
           return name;
       }
   
       public void setName(String name) {
           this.name = name;
       }
   
       public Address getAddress() {
           return address;
       }
   
       public void setAddress(Address address) {
           this.address = address;
       }
   
       public String[] getBooks() {
           return books;
       }
   
       public void setBooks(String[] books) {
           this.books = books;
       }
   
       public List<String> getHobbys() {
           return hobbys;
       }
   
       public void setHobbys(List<String> hobbys) {
           this.hobbys = hobbys;
       }
   
       public Map<String, String> getCard() {
           return card;
       }
   
       public void setCard(Map<String, String> card) {
           this.card = card;
       }
   
       public Set<String> getGames() {
           return games;
       }
   
       public void setGames(Set<String> games) {
           this.games = games;
       }
   
       public String getWife() {
           return wife;
       }
   
       public void setWife(String wife) {
           this.wife = wife;
       }
   
       public Properties getProperties() {
           return properties;
       }
   
       public void setProperties(Properties properties) {
           this.properties = properties;
       }
   }
   
   

3. beans.xml

   <?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
   <beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
          xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
          xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
           https://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd">
       <bean id="student" class="com.thhh.pojo.Student">
           <property name="name" value="张三"/>
       </bean>
   </beans>
   

4. 测试

   package com.thhh.pojo;
   
   import org.springframework.context.ApplicationContext;
   import org.springframework.context.support.ClassPathXmlApplicationContext;
   
   public class MyTest {
       public static void main(String[] args) {
           ApplicationContext context = new ClassPathXmlApplicationContext("beans.xml");
           Student student = (Student) context.getBean("student");
           System.out.println(student.getName());
       }
   }
   

    搭建这个测试环境的意义就是学会在spring配置文件中，怎么给学生类中的这些复杂数据类型进行依赖注入

    在下一篇博客将对"怎么给学生类中的这些复杂数据类型进行依赖注入"进行讲解
    链接: Spring5(7) —— 依赖注入之Set注入.