开拓思维的python代码段

变位词

检测两个字符串是否互为变位词

from collections import Counter

def anagram(first, second):
	return Counter(first) == Counter(second)
print(anagram('abcd3', '3acdb'))
# True

分块

使用range()将列表分块为指定大小的较小列表

from math import ceil

def chunk(lst, size):
	return list(map(lambda x: lst[x * size: x * size + size],
		list(range(0, ceil(len(lst) / size)))))
print(chunk([1, 2, 3, 4, 5], 2))
# [[1, 2], [3, 4], [5]]

间隔数

转换一个二维数组

array = [['a', 'b'], ['c', 'd'], ['e', 'f']]
transposed = zip(*array)
print(transposed)
# [('a', 'c', 'e'), ('b', 'd', 'f')]

首字母恢复小写

将给定字符串的第一个字母转换为小写

def decapitalize(str):
	return str[:1].lower() + str[1:]
decapitalize('FooBar')
# fooBar

filter()删除列表中错误值

如(:False, None, 0, 和’’)

def compact(lst):
	return list(filter(bool, lst))
print(compact([0, 1, False, 2, '', 3, 'a', 's', 34]))
# [1, 2, 3, 'a', 's', 34]

递归展开潜在列表

def spread(arg):
	ret = []    
	for i in arg:        
		if isinstance(i, list):            
			ret.extend(i)        
		else:            
			ret.append(i)    
	return ret 

def deep_flatten(lst):    
	result = []    
	result.extend(        
		spread(list(map(lambda x: deep_flatten(x) if type(x) == list else x, lst))))    
	return result 

print(deep_flatten([1, [2], [[3], 4], 5]))
# [1, 2, 3, 4, 5]

差异

两个列表进行对比，保留第一个

def difference(a, b):
	set_a = set(a)
	set_b = set(b)
	comparison = set_a.difference(set_b)
	return list(comparison)
print(difference([1, 2, 3], [1, 2, 4]))
# 3

查找出现最多的元素

def most_frequent(list):
	return max(set(list), key = list.count)

lst = [1, 2, 1, 2, 3, 2, 1, 4, 2]
print(most_frequent(lst)
# 2

变量交换

def swap(a, b):
	return b, a
a, b= -1, 14
print(swap(a, b)
# (14, -1)