问题:前后端分离时代的到来
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前端需要测试后端数据
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后端提供接口,实时更新接口的改动
一、Swagger简介
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号称世界上最流行的api框架
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Restful api文档在线自动生成工具–>api文档与api定义同步更新
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直接运行,可以在线测试api接口
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支持多种语言(java、php)
官网:https://swagger.io/
在项目中使用swagger需要springfox jar包
- swagger2
- swagger ui
二、springboot集成swagger
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新建springboot项目
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导入jar包
<!--swaggerjar包--> <dependency> <groupId>io.springfox</groupId> <artifactId>springfox-swagger-ui</artifactId> <version>2.9.2</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>io.springfox</groupId> <artifactId>springfox-swagger2</artifactId> <version>2.9.2</version> </dependency>
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编写一个helloworld
package com.kj.controller; import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping; import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RestController; @RestController public class SwaggerController { @RequestMapping("/hello") public String hello(){ return "hello"; } }
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配置swagger
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration; import springfox.documentation.swagger2.annotations.EnableSwagger2; @Configuration @EnableSwagger2 //开启swagger public class SwaggerConfig { }
启动类加上
@EnableSwagger2
注解(遇到Unable to infer base url.
bug时加入,可以解决)package com.kj; import org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication; import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.SpringBootApplication; import springfox.documentation.swagger2.annotations.EnableSwagger2; @SpringBootApplication @EnableSwagger2 public class SwaggerDemoApplication { public static void main(String[] args) { SpringApplication.run(SwaggerDemoApplication.class, args); } }
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启动运行
访问localhost/swagger-ui.html。没有配置port的是这个地址localhost:8080/swagger-ui.html
swagger-ui.html所在文件
三、配置swagger
1、配置ApiInfo
swagger需要一个docket实例
可以看到docket的构造函数,需要一个DocumentationType
public Docket(DocumentationType documentationType) {
this.apiInfo = ApiInfo.DEFAULT;
this.groupName = "default";
this.enabled = true;
this.genericsNamingStrategy = new DefaultGenericTypeNamingStrategy();
this.applyDefaultResponseMessages = true;
this.host = "";
this.pathMapping = Optional.absent();
this.apiSelector = ApiSelector.DEFAULT;
this.enableUrlTemplating = false;
this.vendorExtensions = Lists.newArrayList();
this.documentationType = documentationType;
}
而DocumentationType有三个默认的值
public class DocumentationType extends SimplePluginMetadata {
public static final DocumentationType SWAGGER_12 = new DocumentationType("swagger", "1.2");
public static final DocumentationType SWAGGER_2 = new DocumentationType("swagger", "2.0");
public static final DocumentationType SPRING_WEB = new DocumentationType("spring-web", "1.0");
......
}
所以我们可以这样向容器中创建一个docket
@Bean
public Docket docket(){
return new Docket(DocumentationType.SWAGGER_2);
}
此时改配置信息,调用docket的函数即可。
比如修改swagger的api信息,我们需要更改ApiInfo
相关源码
public Docket(DocumentationType documentationType) {
this.apiInfo = ApiInfo.DEFAULT; //api描述
this.groupName = "default";
this.enabled = true;
this.genericsNamingStrategy = new DefaultGenericTypeNamingStrategy();
this.applyDefaultResponseMessages = true;
this.host = "";
this.pathMapping = Optional.absent();
this.apiSelector = ApiSelector.DEFAULT;
this.enableUrlTemplating = false;
this.vendorExtensions = Lists.newArrayList();
this.documentationType = documentationType;
}
//默认的apiInfo
static {
DEFAULT = new ApiInfo("Api Documentation",
"Api Documentation",
"1.0", "urn:tos",
DEFAULT_CONTACT,
"Apache 2.0",
"http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0",
new ArrayList());
}
//作者信息
public static final Contact DEFAULT_CONTACT = new Contact("", "", "");
这时候为我们自己的docket注入咱们自己的apiInfo
即可
@Bean
public Docket docket(){
return new Docket(DocumentationType.SWAGGER_2).apiInfo(getApiInfo());
}
private static ApiInfo getApiInfo(){
return new ApiInfo("KJ Api文件",
"swagger测试",
"1.0",
"https://blog.csdn.net/KJ_Study",
new Contact("KJ", "https://blog.csdn.net/KJ_Study", "qi1638629056@163.com"),
"Apache 2.0",
"http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0",
new ArrayList());
}
结果如下(其实这个基本没任何效率上的作用)
2、配置扫描接口
有一个方法Docket.select()
@Bean
public Docket docket(){
return new Docket(DocumentationType.SWAGGER_2).apiInfo(getApiInfo())
.select()
.build();
}
只能build两个方法apis与paths
配置扫描目标
有扫描全部any
,一个都不扫描none
,基于包扫描basePackage
,通过方法注解扫描(扫描有这个注解的方法,可以自己加入GetMapper.class的参数),通过类注解扫描
用的多的还是basePackage
我们指定一个扫描包
@Bean
public Docket docket(){
return new Docket(DocumentationType.SWAGGER_2).apiInfo(getApiInfo())
.select()
.apis(RequestHandlerSelectors.basePackage("com.kj.controller")) //RequestHandlerSelectors配置扫描接口的方式
.build();
}
结果
3、过滤路径
扫描带有/kj/ url的api,我们只有一个/hello请求,所以不会有任何api
@Bean
public Docket docket(){
return new Docket(DocumentationType.SWAGGER_2).apiInfo(getApiInfo())
.select()
.apis(RequestHandlerSelectors.basePackage("com.kj.controller"))
.paths(PathSelectors.ant("/kj/**"))
.build();
}
4、配置是否启用swagger
将docket的enabled属性改为false即可
//docket的部分源码
public Docket(DocumentationType documentationType) {
this.apiInfo = ApiInfo.DEFAULT;
this.groupName = "default";
this.enabled = true; //是否使用swagger
this.genericsNamingStrategy = new DefaultGenericTypeNamingStrategy();
this.applyDefaultResponseMessages = true;
this.host = "";
this.pathMapping = Optional.absent();
this.apiSelector = ApiSelector.DEFAULT;
this.enableUrlTemplating = false;
this.vendorExtensions = Lists.newArrayList();
this.documentationType = documentationType;
}
public Docket enable(boolean externallyConfiguredFlag) {
this.enabled = externallyConfiguredFlag;
return this;
}
所以我们enable一下
@Bean
public Docket docket(){
return new Docket(DocumentationType.SWAGGER_2).apiInfo(getApiInfo())
.select()
.apis(RequestHandlerSelectors.basePackage("com.kj.controller")) //RequestHandlerSelectors配置扫描接口的方式
.build()
.enable(false);
}
实际使用:我们通过外部的环境来判断是否调用swagger
@Bean
public Docket docket(Environment environment){
//设置显示要调用swagger的环境,可以有多个值
Profiles profiles = Profiles.of("dev");
//判断当前的环境与指定的是否一样
boolean flag = environment.acceptsProfiles(profiles);
return new Docket(DocumentationType.SWAGGER_2).apiInfo(getApiInfo())
.select()
.apis(RequestHandlerSelectors.basePackage("com.kj.controller")) //RequestHandlerSelectors配置扫描接口的方式
.build()
.enable(flag);
}
我们有多个配置文件,一个用于开发,一个用于部署
5、配置api文档的分组
主要的是groupName
public Docket(DocumentationType documentationType) {
this.apiInfo = ApiInfo.DEFAULT;
this.groupName = "default";
this.enabled = true;
this.genericsNamingStrategy = new DefaultGenericTypeNamingStrategy();
this.applyDefaultResponseMessages = true;
this.host = "";
this.pathMapping = Optional.absent();
this.apiSelector = ApiSelector.DEFAULT;
this.enableUrlTemplating = false;
this.vendorExtensions = Lists.newArrayList();
this.documentationType = documentationType;
}
@Bean
public Docket docket(Environment environment){
Profiles profiles = Profiles.of("dev");
boolean flag = environment.acceptsProfiles(profiles);
return new Docket(DocumentationType.SWAGGER_2).apiInfo(getApiInfo())
.select()
.apis(RequestHandlerSelectors.basePackage("com.kj.controller"))
.build()
.enable(flag)
.groupName("KJ");
}
我们可以看到一个docket一个分组。要想要多个我们再创建几个docket即可。
注意组名不能相同,如果相同spring会报bug并结束进程
@Bean
public Docket docket1() {
return new Docket(DocumentationType.SWAGGER_2).apiInfo(getApiInfo())
.groupName("A");
}
@Bean
public Docket docket2() {
return new Docket(DocumentationType.SWAGGER_2).apiInfo(getApiInfo())
.groupName("B");
}
@Bean
public Docket docket3() {
return new Docket(DocumentationType.SWAGGER_2).apiInfo(getApiInfo())
.groupName("C");
}
不同后端开发人员选择自己的组,就可以只看到自己的api
6、实体类配置
只要返回值中存在,就会被swagger扫描
编写一个pojo
package com.kj.pojo;
public class User {
private String username;
private String password;
}
编写一个方法
@RestController
public class SwaggerController {
@RequestMapping("/hello")
public String hello(){
return "hello";
}
@PostMapping("/user")
public User user(){
return new User();
}
}
我们也可以在实体类加上注注释(在显示时,只显示注解配置的内容),显不显示与这个注解无关
package com.kj.pojo;
import io.swagger.annotations.ApiModel;
import io.swagger.annotations.ApiModelProperty;
@ApiModel("实体类")
public class User {
@ApiModelProperty("用户名")
public String username;
@ApiModelProperty("密码")
private String password;
}
可以看到私有方法是看不到的
同样我们也可以给方法加注释,或者给参数加注释
@RestController
public class SwaggerController {
@ApiOperation("哈喽方法")
@RequestMapping("/hello")
public String hello(){
return "hello";
}
@PostMapping("/user")
public User user(){
return new User();
}
@GetMapping("/hello2")
public String hello2(@ApiParam("用户名") String name){
return "hello";
}
}
四、发送请求
下面就可以看到结果了