八道指针笔试题集合，练会让你不再害怕“晕针”

目录

笔试题1

笔试题2

笔试题3

笔试题4 

笔试题5 

笔试题6

笔试题7 

笔试题8

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下面代码打印结果是什么？ 

笔试题1

#include<stdio.h>

int main()
{
    int a[5] = { 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 };
    int* ptr = (int*)(&a + 1);
    printf("%d,%d", *(a + 1), *(ptr - 1));
    return 0;
}

 解析代码

#include<stdio.h>

int main()
{
    int a[5] = { 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 };
    int* ptr = (int*)(&a + 1);
    //&a取的是整个数组的地址
    //&a+1表示的是数组a[5]元素中5的后面的地址
    //强制转换为int* 类型，使ptr的步伐变为int型大小
    printf("%d,%d", *(a + 1), *(ptr - 1));//2,5
    return 0;
}

笔试题2

#include<stdio.h>
//此结构体的大小是20个字节
struct Test
{
	int Num;
	char* pcName;
	short sDate;
	char cha[2];
	short sBa[4];
}*p;

int main()
{
	p = (struct Test*)0x100000;//假设p的值为0x100000。
	printf("%p\n", p + 0x1);
	printf("%p\n", (unsigned long)p + 0x1);
	printf("%p\n", (unsigned int*)p + 0x1);
	return 0;
}

解析代码

#include<stdio.h>
//结构体的大小是20个字节
struct Test
{
	int Num;
	char* pcName;
	short sDate;
	char cha[2];
	short sBa[4];
}*p;

int main()
{
	p = (struct Test*)0x100000;//假设p的值为0x100000
	printf("%p\n", p + 0x1);//00100014  
    //一个struct Test*类型指针表示的大小为20字节 - +1就是+20个字节
	printf("%p\n", (unsigned long)p + 0x1);//00100001  
    //强制转化为整型，整型+1就是+1个字节 - 用完%p打印的是地址，所以这里会有个格式字符串与可变参数不符的警告
	printf("%p\n", (unsigned int*)p + 0x1);//00100004/00100008   
    //强制转化为int*类型，+1就是+4/8个字节
	return 0;
}

笔试题3

#include<stdio.h>

int main()
{
    int a[4] = { 1, 2, 3, 4 };
    int* ptr1 = (int*)(&a + 1);
    int* ptr2 = (int*)((int)a + 1);
    printf("%x,%x", ptr1[-1], *ptr2);
    return 0;
}

解析代码

#include<stdio.h>

int main()
{
    int a[4] = { 1, 2, 3, 4 };
    int* ptr1 = (int*)(&a + 1);
    int* ptr2 = (int*)((int)a + 1);
    //数组在内存中存储方式：
    //低地址->高地址  小端存储
    //10 00 00 00 02 00 00 00 03 00 00 00 04 00 00 00
    //a表示数组首元素（10 00 00 00）地址，被强制转化为int类型后，再+1只+1个字节
    //即（int）a+1表示10后面的00的地址
    //（int）a+1又被强制转化为int*类型后
    //(int*)((int)a + 1)即ptr2指针访问的大小变为4个字节
    //访问的就是00 00 00 02这块
    //*ptr2打印出来便是02 00 00 00
    printf("%x,%x", ptr1[-1], *ptr2);//4,2000000   
    //ptr1[-1] - *(ptr1+(-1)) - *(ptr1-1)
    
    return 0;
}

笔试题4 

#include<stdio.h>

int main()
{
    int a[3][2] = { (0, 1), (2, 3), (4, 5) };
    int* p;
    p = a[0];
    printf("%d", p[0]);
    return 0;
}

解析代码

#include<stdio.h>

int main()
{
    int a[3][2] = { (0, 1), (2, 3), (4, 5) };//小括号 逗号表达式   只取最后的数 - { 1，3，5}
    int* p;
    p = a[0];
    printf("%d", p[0]);//1
    //p = a[0] -> p[0] == a[0][0]
    return 0;
}

笔试题5 

#include<stdio.h>

int main()
{
    int a[5][5];
    int(*p)[4];
    p = a;
    printf("%p,%d\n", &p[4][2] - &a[4][2], &p[4][2] - &a[4][2]);

    return 0;
}

解析代码

#include<stdio.h>

int main()
{
    int a[5][5];
    int(*p)[4];
    p = a;//a - 第一行数组地址  a的类型int(*)[5]   p的类型int(*)[4]   会有警告
    printf("%p,%d\n", &p[4][2] - &a[4][2], &p[4][2] - &a[4][2]);//FFFFFFFC,-4
    //p[4][2] - *(*(p+4)+2)
    //&a[4][2]为红色部分      &p[4][2]为绿色部分  
    //&p[4][2] - &a[4][2] - 指针减指针的数值大小 = 中间元素的个数
    //%d - 打印原码 - -4
    //%p - 直接打印补码
    //10000000000000000000000000000100 - 原码
    //11111111111111111111111111111011 - 反码
    //11111111111111111111111111111100 - 补码
    //0XFFFFFFFC
    return 0;
}

 笔试题6

#include<stdio.h>

int main()
{
    int aa[2][5] = { 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10 };
    int* ptr1 = (int*)(&aa + 1);
    int* ptr2 = (int*)(*(aa + 1));
    printf("%d,%d", *(ptr1 - 1), *(ptr2 - 1));
    return 0;
}

代码解析

#include<stdio.h>

int main()
{
    int aa[2][5] = { 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10 };
    int* ptr1 = (int*)(&aa + 1);
    int* ptr2 = (int*)(*(aa + 1));//*(aa+1) - aa[1] - 第二行的数组名 - 第二行首元素地址
    printf("%d,%d", *(ptr1 - 1), *(ptr2 - 1));//10,5
    return 0;
}

笔试题7 

#include<stdio.h>

int main()
{
	char* a[] = { "work","at","alibaba" };
	char** pa = a;
	pa++;
	printf("%s\n", *pa);
	return 0;
}

 代码解析

#include<stdio.h>

int main()
{
	char* a[] = { "work","at","alibaba" };//字符指针数组  放进去的是字符串首字母的地址
	char** pa = a;//字符指针数组指针  pa - 数组名a
	pa++;//a+1
	printf("%s\n", *pa);//at   *pa -> *(a+1) -> a[1]
	return 0;
}

笔试题8

#include<stdio.h>

int main()
{
	char* c[] = { "ENTER","NEW","POINT","FIRST" };
	char** cp[] = { c + 3,c + 2,c + 1,c };
	char*** cpp = cp;
	printf("%s\n", **++cpp);
	printf("%s\n", *-- * ++cpp + 3);
	printf("%s\n", *cpp[-2] + 3);
	printf("%s\n", cpp[-1][-1] + 1);
	return 0;
}

代码解析

#include<stdio.h>

int main()
{
	char* c[] = { "ENTER","NEW","POINT","FIRST" };//字符指针数组
	char** cp[] = { c + 3,c + 2,c + 1,c };
	char*** cpp = cp;
    //运算优先级
    //++、--高于*高于+、-
	//注意：cpp是变量，会随着运算变化，为方便理解，解析中cpp0表示的是初始的cpp含义

	printf("%s\n", **++cpp);//POINT  
    //**++cpp -> **(cpp0+1) -> **(cp+1) -> *cp[1] -> *(c+2) -> c[2] -> POINT

	printf("%s\n", *-- * ++cpp + 3);//ER  
    //*-- * ++cpp + 3 -> *--*(cpp0+2)+3 -> *--cp[2]+3 -> *--(c+1)+3 -> *c+3 -> c[0]+3 -> ENTER首字母地址+3 -> ER

	printf("%s\n", *cpp[-2] + 3);//ST  
    //*cpp[-2] + 3 -> **(cpp0+2-2)+3 -> **cpp0+3 -> *cp[0]+3 -> *(c+3)+3 -> c[3]+3 -> FIRST首字母地址+3 -> ST

	printf("%s\n", cpp[-1][-1] + 1);//EW  
    //cpp[-1][-1] + 1 -> (cpp0+2)[-1][-1]+1 -> (cp+2)[-1][-1]+1 -> *((cp+2)-1)[-1]+1 -> 
    //cp[1][-1]+1 -> (c+2)[-1]+1 -> *((c+2)-1)+1 -> c[1]+1 -> NEW首字母地址+1 ->EW

	return 0;
}