Android设置Settings实现：PreferenceActivity（1）

Android的设置Settings功能比较常见，通常可以考虑使用PreferenceActivity实现。

PreferenceActivity需要从res/xml加载（addPreferencesFromResource）一个定义好的Preference的xml文件。比如preferences.xml：

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<PreferenceScreen xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android" >

    <PreferenceCategory android:title="@string/title_1" >
        <ListPreference
            android:dialogTitle="请选择城市"
            android:entries="@array/citys"
            android:entryValues="@array/citys_code"
            android:key="@string/listpreference_key"
            android:summary="@string/listpreference_summary"
            android:title="@string/listpreference_title" />
    </PreferenceCategory>
    <PreferenceCategory android:title="@string/title_2" >
        <EditTextPreference
            android:defaultValue="缺省"
            android:key="@string/editpreference_key"
            android:summary="@string/editpreference_summary"
            android:title="@string/editpreference_title" />

        <CheckBoxPreference
            android:defaultValue="false"
            android:key="@string/checkbox_key"
            android:summary="@string/checkbox_summary"
            android:title="@string/checkbox_title" />
    </PreferenceCategory>
    <!-- 点击将浏览和打开网页 -->
    <Preference
        android:summary="http://www.baidu.com"
        android:title="浏览网页" >
        <intent
            android:action="android.intent.action.VIEW"
            android:data="http://www.baidu.com" >
        </intent>
    </Preference>
    <!-- 此处将跳转到下一屏设置 -->
    <PreferenceScreen
        android:key="preference_screen_2_key"
        android:persistent="false"
        android:title="PreferenceScreen 2" >
        <EditTextPreference
            android:defaultValue="缺省值2"
            android:key="edit_text_key_2"
            android:summary="edit summary"
            android:title="edit text 2" />
    </PreferenceScreen>


</PreferenceScreen>

其中需要的数组资源citys在res/values中的arrays.xml中定义好：

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<resources>

    <string-array name="citys">
        <item>成都</item>
        <item>北京</item>
        <item>上海</item>
    </string-array>
    <string-array name="citys_code">
        <item>028</item>
        <item>010</item>
        <item>021</item>
    </string-array>

</resources>

在res/values中的strings.xml：

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<resources>

    <string name="app_name">PreferenceScreen</string>
    <string name="hello_world">Hello world!</string>
    <string name="action_settings">Settings</string>
    <string name="title_1">第一组</string>
    <string name="title_2">第二组</string>
    <string name="title_3">第三组</string>
    <string name="editpreference_title">EditText_title</string>
    <string name="editpreference_summary">文本输入框</string>
    <string name="editpreference_key">editpreference_key</string>
    <string name="checkbox_title">CheckBox_title</string>
    <string name="checkbox_summary">选项框</string>
    <string name="checkbox_key">checkbox_key</string>
    <string name="listpreference_title">ListPreference_title</string>
    <string name="listpreference_key">ListPreference_key</string>
    <string name="listpreference_summary">下拉菜单</string>

</resources>

java代码：

package com.example.preferencescreen;

import android.content.SharedPreferences;
import android.content.SharedPreferences.OnSharedPreferenceChangeListener;
import android.os.Bundle;
import android.preference.EditTextPreference;
import android.preference.ListPreference;
import android.preference.Preference;
import android.preference.PreferenceActivity;
import android.preference.PreferenceManager;
import android.preference.PreferenceScreen;
import android.util.Log;
import android.widget.Toast;

public class ActivityB extends PreferenceActivity {

	private final String LIST_KEY = "ListPreference_key";
	private final String EDITPREFERENCE_KEY = "editpreference_key";
	private EditTextPreference mEditText;
	private ListPreference list;
	private OnSharedPreferenceChangeListener mOnSharedPreferenceChangeListener = new OnSharedPreferenceChangeListener() {

		@Override
		public void onSharedPreferenceChanged(SharedPreferences sharedPreferences, String key) {
			if (key.equals(EDITPREFERENCE_KEY)) {
				// 更新
				String s = sharedPreferences.getString(EDITPREFERENCE_KEY, "null");
				mEditText.setSummary(s);

			}

			if (key.equals(LIST_KEY)) {
				String value = list.getValue();
				String entry = list.getEntry() + "";
				// list.setSummary(value);
				if (value.equals("028")) {

					Toast.makeText(getApplicationContext(), "当前选择的是成都", Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();

				} else if (value.equals("010")) {

					Toast.makeText(getApplicationContext(), "当前选择的是北京", Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();

				} else if (value.equals("021")) {

					Toast.makeText(getApplicationContext(), "当前选择的是上海", Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();

				}
			}
		}
	};

	@Override
	protected void onResume() {
		super.onResume();
		getPreferenceScreen().getSharedPreferences()
				.registerOnSharedPreferenceChangeListener(mOnSharedPreferenceChangeListener);
	}

	@Override
	protected void onPause() {
		super.onPause();
		getPreferenceScreen().getSharedPreferences()
				.unregisterOnSharedPreferenceChangeListener(mOnSharedPreferenceChangeListener);
	}

	// 那一个设置选项栏被触发
	@Override
	public boolean onPreferenceTreeClick(PreferenceScreen preferenceScreen, Preference preference) {

		return false;
	}

	@Override
	protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
		super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);

		// 通用的读取设置的某个值的方法
		SharedPreferences sharedPreferences = PreferenceManager.getDefaultSharedPreferences(this);

		String editPreference_text = sharedPreferences.getString(EDITPREFERENCE_KEY, "暂时为空");

		Log.d("editPreference_text", editPreference_text);
		// 添加设置的选项
		this.addPreferencesFromResource(R.xml.preference);
		// 预读取。为PreferenceActivity中的某个设置选项初始化值
		mEditText = (EditTextPreference) findPreference(EDITPREFERENCE_KEY);
		mEditText.setSummary(editPreference_text);

		list = (ListPreference) findPreference(LIST_KEY);
		// 注册添加设置的项数据发生变化时候的监听
		sharedPreferences.registerOnSharedPreferenceChangeListener(mOnSharedPreferenceChangeListener);

	}

}