C++反射的实现

反射其实就是把创建类的方法和类的字符串名字（当然也可以是相关的信息）绑定起来，这样就可以通过输入的字符串创建对应的类。

闲话少说，上代码：

【基类：Animal】

头文件：

#pragma once
class Animal
{
public:
 Animal(){};
 virtual ~Animal(){};
public:
 virtual void test();
};
typedef Animal* (*funCreateAnimal)();

源文件：

#include "Animal.h"
#include <iostream>
using namespace std;

void Animal::test()
{
 cout << "Animal" << endl;
 char ch;
 cin >> ch;
}

【注册用的工厂类：Zoo】

头文件：

#pragma once
#include "Animal.h"
#include <string>
#include <map>
using namespace std;

// 注册宏
#define DECLARE_REGISTER(class_name) \
 public: \
 static bool s_bRegisterFlag; \
 static Animal* CreateInstance() {return new class_name();}
#define IMPLEMENT_REGISTER(name, class_name) \
 bool class_name::s_bRegisterFlag = \
 Zoo::CreateInstance()->RegisterAnimal(name, class_name::CreateInstance);

class Zoo
{
private:
 map<string, funCreateAnimal>* s_AnimalMap;
public:
 Zoo(){s_AnimalMap = NULL;}
 ~Zoo(){}
public:
 bool RegisterAnimal(string name, funCreateAnimal fun);
 Animal* CreateAnimal(string name);
public:
 static Zoo* CreateInstance();
};

源文件：

#include "Zoo.h"

Zoo* Zoo::CreateInstance()
{
 static Zoo* instance = new Zoo();
 return instance;
}

bool Zoo::RegisterAnimal(string name, funCreateAnimal fun)
{
    if (s_AnimalMap == NULL)
    {
         s_AnimalMap = new map<string, funCreateAnimal>();
    }

    if (name == "")
    {
        return false;
    }

    if (s_AnimalMap->find(name) == s_AnimalMap->end())
    {
        s_AnimalMap->insert(pair<string, funCreateAnimal>(name, fun));
    }

        return true;
}

Animal* Zoo::CreateAnimal(string name)
{
    map<string, funCreateAnimal>::const_iterator iter = s_AnimalMap->find(name);
    if (iter != s_AnimalMap->end())
    {
        funCreateAnimal fun = iter->second;
        return fun();
    }

    return NULL;
}

【子类：Cat】

头文件：

#pragma once
#include "Animal.h"
#include "Zoo.h"

class Cat :
 public Animal
{
DECLARE_REGISTER(Cat)
public:
 void test();
};

源文件：

#include "Cat.h"
#include <iostream>
using namespace std;

IMPLEMENT_REGISTER("Cat", Cat)

void Cat::test(void)
{
 cout << "喵喵~~" << endl;
 char ch;
 cin >> ch;
}

【测试函数】

#include "Animal.h"
#include "Zoo.h"

int main()
{
 Zoo* pZoo = Zoo::CreateInstance();
 Animal *animal = NULL;

 animal = pZoo->CreateAnimal("Cat");
 animal->test();

 delete animal;
 animal = NULL;

 delete pZoo;
 pZoo = NULL;
}