session_start
(PHP 4, PHP 5)
session_start — Initialize session data
Description
session_start() creates a session or resumes the current one based on a session identifier passed via a GET or POST request, or passed via a cookie.
To use a named session, call session_name() before calling session_start().
When session.use_trans_sid is enabled, the session_start() function will register an internal output handler for URL rewriting.
If a user uses ob_gzhandler or similar with ob_start(), the function order is important for proper output. For example, ob_gzhandlermust be registered before starting the session.
Return Values
This function returns TRUE if a session was successfully started, otherwise FALSE.
Changelog
| Version | Description |
|---|---|
| 5.3.0 | If a session fails to start, then FALSE is returned. Previously TRUE was returned. |
| 4.3.3 | As of PHP 4.3.3, calling session_start() after the session was previously started will result in an error of level E_NOTICE. Also, the second session start will simply be ignored. |
Examples
Example #1 A session example: page1.php
<?php
// page1.php
session_start();
echo 'Welcome to page #1';
$_SESSION['favcolor'] = 'green';
$_SESSION['animal'] = 'cat';
$_SESSION['time'] = time();
// Works if session cookie was accepted
echo '<br /><a href="page2.php">page 2</a>';
// Or maybe pass along the session id, if needed
echo '<br /><a href="page2.php?' . SID . '">page 2</a>';
?>
After viewing page1.php, the second page page2.php will magically contain the session data. Read the session reference for information on propagating session ids as it, for example, explains what the constant SID is all about.
Example #2 A session example: page2.php
<?php
// page2.php
session_start();
echo 'Welcome to page #2<br />';
echo $_SESSION['favcolor']; // green
echo $_SESSION['animal']; // cat
echo date('Y m d H:i:s', $_SESSION['time']);
// You may want to use SID here, like we did in page1.php
echo '<br /><a href="page1.php">page 1</a>';
?>
Notes
Note:
To use cookie-based sessions, session_start() must be called before outputing anything to the browser.
Note:
Use of zlib.output_compression is recommended instead of ob_gzhandler()
Note:
This function sends out several HTTP headers depending on the configuration. See session_cache_limiter() to customize these headers.
See Also
- $_SESSION
- The session.auto_start configuration directive
- session_id() - Get and/or set the current session id
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