数据库练习题(MySql)

1.创建student表和score表

CREATE TABLE student(
    id              INT(10) PRIMARY KEY AUTO_INCREMENT,
    name            VARCHAR(20) NOT NULL,
    sex             VARCHAR(4),
    birth           YEAR,
    department      VARCHAR(20) NOT NULL,
    address         VARCHAR(50)
);
CREATE TABLE score(
    id        INT(10) PRIMARY KEY AUTO_INCREMENT,
    stu_id    INT(10) NOT NULL,
    c_name    VARCHAR(20),
    grade     INT(10)
);

2.插入数据

INSERT INTO student VALUES( 901,'张老大', '男',1985,'计算机系', '北京市海淀区');
INSERT INTO student VALUES( 902,'张老二', '男',1986,'中文系', '北京市昌平区');
INSERT INTO student VALUES( 903,'张三', '女',1990,'中文系', '湖南省永州市');
INSERT INTO student VALUES( 904,'李四', '男',1990,'英语系', '辽宁省阜新市');
INSERT INTO student VALUES( 905,'王五', '女',1991,'英语系', '福建省厦门市');
INSERT INTO student VALUES( 906,'王六', '男',1988,'计算机系', '湖南省衡阳市');


INSERT INTO score VALUES(NULL,901, '计算机',98);
INSERT INTO score VALUES(NULL,901, '英语', 80);
INSERT INTO score VALUES(NULL,902, '计算机',65);
INSERT INTO score VALUES(NULL,902, '中文',88);
INSERT INTO score VALUES(NULL,903, '中文',95);
INSERT INTO score VALUES(NULL,904, '计算机',70);
INSERT INTO score VALUES(NULL,904, '英语',92);
INSERT INTO score VALUES(NULL,905, '英语',94);
INSERT INTO score VALUES(NULL,906, '计算机',90);
INSERT INTO score VALUES(NULL,906, '英语',85);

3.练习

select * from student;
-- 查询student表的第2条到4条记录
SELECT * from student LIMIT 1,3;

SELECT * from student LIMIT 0,2;

-- 4从student表查询所有学生的学号（id）、姓名（name）和院系（department）的信息
SELECT id AS '学号',name as '姓名', department as '院系' FROM student;

-- 5从student表中查询计算机系和英语系的学生的信息（用 IN 关键字）
SELECT * from student where department IN ('计算机系','英语系');

-- 6从student表中查询年龄28~32岁的学生信息（用 BETWEEN AND）
SELECT * from student where YEAR(NOW())-birth BETWEEN 28 and 32;

-- 7、从student表中查询每个院系有多少人
SELECT   department as'部门', count(*) as '该院人数'  from student  GROUP BY department;

-- 8、从score表中查询每个科目的最高分
SELECT  c_name as '科目' ,MAX(grade) AS '最高分' from score GROUP BY c_name;

-- 9、查询李四的考试科目（c_name）和考试成绩（grade）
SELECT s.name AS '姓名',c.c_name AS '课程名称',c.grade AS '课程分数' 
FROM score AS c LEFT JOIN student AS s ON c.stu_id = s.id
WHERE s.name = '李四';

-- 10用连接的方式查询所有学生的信息和考试信息
SELECT  * from score as c LEFT JOIN student as s  ON  c.stu_id = s.id;

-- 11、计算每个学生的总成绩
SELECT s.name  as '姓名',SUM(c.grade) as '总成绩' FROM score as c
     LEFT JOIN student as s ON c.stu_id = s.id  GROUP BY s.name;

-- 12、计算每个考试科目的平均成绩
select c_name as '课程名称' ,AVG(grade) as '平均成绩' FROM score GROUP BY c_name;

-- 13、查询计算机成绩低于95的学生信息
select * FROM student where id IN (SELECT stu_id from score WHERE c_name ='计算机' AND grade <95  );

SELECT s.* from score as c LEFT JOIN student as s on  c.stu_id =s.id
where c.c_name ='计算机' and c.grade <95;


-- 14、查询同时参加计算机和英语考试的学生的信息
SELECT * FROM student WHERE id  IN
   (select stu_id from score  WHERE c_name ='计算机' or c_name='英语' GROUP BY stu_id
HAVING count(*) =2);
 
-- 15、将计算机考试成绩按从高到低进行排序    
SELECT grade AS '计算机考试成绩' FROM score WHERE c_name = '计算机' ORDER BY grade DESC;

-- 16、从student表和score表中查询出学生的学号，然后合并查询结果

SELECT id as '学号' from student
UNION
SELECT DISTINCT stu_id as '学号' from score;

-- 17、查询姓张或者姓王的同学的姓名、院系和考试科目及成绩

SELECT s.name AS '姓名',s.department AS '院系',c.c_name AS '考试科目',c.grade AS '成绩'
FROM score AS c LEFT JOIN student AS s ON c.stu_id = s.id
WHERE s.name LIKE '张%' OR s.name LIKE '王%';


-- 18、查询都是湖南的学生的姓名、年龄、院系和考试科目及成绩

SELECT s.name AS '姓名',YEAR(NOW())-s.birth AS '年龄',s.department AS '院系',c.c_name AS '考试科目',c.grade AS '成绩'
FROM score AS c LEFT JOIN student AS s ON c.stu_id = s.id
WHERE s.address LIKE '湖南%';