思科高级配置(PAT配置)

问题
在R1通过PAT配置实现企业内网192.168.0.0/24复用f0/1端口
方案
网络拓扑所示：

步骤
实现此案例需要按照如下步骤进行。

步骤一：基于端口的PAT配置限制

1）删除动态NAT配置

tarena-R1(config)#no ip nat inside source list 1
tarena-R1(config)#no ip nat pool natpool
tarena-R1(config)#no access-list 1

2）在R1上配置包括内网所有IP地址的ACL

tarena-R1(config)#access-list 1 permit 192.168.0.0 0.0.0.255
3）关联ACL和路由器连接互联网的端口
该命令最后加上的overload表示复用。
tarena-R1(config)#ip nat inside source list 1 interface f0/1 overload

4）在R1上配置NAT内、外端口

tarena-R1(config)#interface f0/0
tarena-R1(config-if)#ip nat inside
tarena-R1(config-if)#interface f0/1
tarena-R1(config-if)#ip nat outside

5）分别在两台PC机上测试到外网主机的通信

PC1测试如下所示：
PC>ipconfig
FastEthernet0 Connection:(default port)
Link-local IPv6 Address…: FE80::2E0:F7FF:FED6:54CC
IP Address…: 192.168.0.10
Subnet Mask…: 255.255.255.0
Default Gateway…: 192.168.0.1
PC>ping 200.1.1.10
Pinging 200.1.1.10 with 32 bytes of data:
Reply from 200.1.1.10: bytes=32 time=1ms TTL=126
Reply from 200.1.1.10: bytes=32 time=0ms TTL=126
Reply from 200.1.1.10: bytes=32 time=1ms TTL=126
Reply from 200.1.1.10: bytes=32 time=0ms TTL=126
Ping statistics for 200.1.1.10:
Packets: Sent = 4, Received = 2, Lost = 2 (50% loss),
Approximate round trip times in milli-seconds:
Minimum = 0ms, Maximum = 1ms, Average = 0ms
PC>
PC2测试如下所示：
PC>ipconfig
FastEthernet0 Connection:(default port)
Link-local IPv6 Address…: FE80::2D0:BAFF:FE98:9E29
IP Address…: 192.168.0.20
Subnet Mask…: 255.255.255.0
Default Gateway…: 192.168.0.1
PC>ping 200.1.1.10
Pinging 200.1.1.10 with 32 bytes of data:
Reply from 200.1.1.10: bytes=32 time=0ms TTL=126
Reply from 200.1.1.10: bytes=32 time=1ms TTL=126
Reply from 200.1.1.10: bytes=32 time=0ms TTL=126
Reply from 200.1.1.10: bytes=32 time=1ms TTL=126
Ping statistics for 200.1.1.10:
Packets: Sent = 4, Received = 2, Lost = 2 (50% loss),
Approximate round trip times in milli-seconds:
Minimum = 0ms, Maximum = 1ms, Average = 0ms
PC>
6）在R1上查看NAT转换表
tarena-R1#show ip nat translations
Pro Inside global Inside local Outside local Outside global
icmp 201.1.1.1:25 192.168.0.10:25 200.1.1.10:25 200.1.1.10:25
icmp 201.1.1.1:26 192.168.0.10:26 200.1.1.10:26 200.1.1.10:26
icmp 201.1.1.1:27 192.168.0.10:27 200.1.1.10:27 200.1.1.10:27
icmp 201.1.1.1:28 192.168.0.10:28 200.1.1.10:28 200.1.1.10:28
icmp 201.1.1.1:1024 192.168.0.20:25 200.1.1.10:25 200.1.1.10:1024
icmp 201.1.1.1:1025 192.168.0.20:26 200.1.1.10:26 200.1.1.10:1025
icmp 201.1.1.1:1026 192.168.0.20:27 200.1.1.10:27 200.1.1.10:1026
icmp 201.1.1.1:1027 192.168.0.20:28 200.1.1.10:28 200.1.1.10:1027
输出结果显示，所有的内网IP地址在访问外网前均被转换成了路由器端口的IP地址。