一.元组的定义
•- 定义空元组
tuple = ()
•- 定义单个值的元组
tuple = (fentiao,)
•- 一般的元组
tuple = (fentiao, 8, male)
工厂方法•t = tuple()
In [1]: a = () In [2]: type(a) Out[2]: tuple In [5]: b = ("hello",) #定义单个元祖的时候,一定要在这个元素后面加逗号 In [6]: type(b) Out[6]: tuple In [8]: c = ("hello","world","8") In [16]: t = tuple() In [17]: t Out[17]: () In [18]: print t ()
二.元组的操作
元组也属于序列,可执行的操作如下:
索引、切片、重复、连接和查看长度
1.重复
In [19]: t = (1,2,3) In [20]: t Out[20]: (1, 2, 3) In [21]: a = t*2 In [22]: a Out[22]: (1, 2, 3, 1, 2, 3)
2.连接
In [23]: t1 = ("hello","world") In [24]: t2 = ("zl","xian") In [25]: print t1+t2 ('hello', 'world', 'zl', 'xian')
3.查看长度
In [27]: len(t1) Out[27]: 2 In [28]: len(t) Out[28]: 3
4.索引
In [32]: t = ("zl",18,"class1") In [33]: print t[0] ##正向索引 In [34]: print t[-1] ##反向索引 class1
5.嵌套的访问In [35]: t1 = ("zl",18,"class1",("play1","play2","play3")) In [36]: print t1[3][1] play2
6.切片
In [37]: t Out[37]: ('zl', 18, 'class1') In [38]: print t[:2] ##切片 ('zl', 18) In [39]: print t[::-1] ##逆转元组内元素 ('class1', 18, 'zl')
7.成员操作符allow_ips = ('172.25.254.1','172.25.254.2','172.25.254.3') if "172.25.254.1" in allow_ips: print "有访问权限" else: print "无访问权限"
三.元祖的循环
元祖目前接触的第三个可迭代对象
端口扫描器的雏形ips = ('172.25.254.1','172.25.254.2','172.25.254.3') ports = (80,8080,21,22) for ip in ips: for port in ports: print "[+] Scaning %s:%d" %(ip,port) In [28]: for ip in allow_ips: ....: for port in ports: ....: print "[+] Scaning %s:%d" %(ip,port) ....: [+] Scaning 172.25.254.1:80 [+] Scaning 172.25.254.1:8080 [+] Scaning 172.25.254.1:21 [+] Scaning 172.25.254.1:22 [+] Scaning 172.25.254.2:80 [+] Scaning 172.25.254.2:8080 [+] Scaning 172.25.254.2:21 [+] Scaning 172.25.254.2:22 [+] Scaning 172.25.254.3:80 [+] Scaning 172.25.254.3:8080 [+] Scaning 172.25.254.3:21 [+] Scaning 172.25.254.3:22
四.元组可用的内置方法
In [40]: print cmp(('a',1,2,3,4),(1,2)) 1 In [41]: print max((12,34,56,78)) 78 In [42]: print min((12,34,56,78)) 12
#!/usr/bin/env python #coding:utf-8 ''' 枚举 ''' ips = ('172.25.254.1','172.25.254.2','172.25.254.3') for i,j in enumerate(ips): print i,j
(练习)
#!/usr/bin/env python #coding:utf-8 ''' 自动贩卖机雏形 ''' goods = ( ("Apple",2), ("Ipad",4000), ("Iwatch",3500) ) print "商品编号\t商品名称\t商品价格" for index,value in enumerate(goods): print "%3d\t%s%.2f" %(index,value[0],value[1])
五.元祖的常用方法
• t.count(value)-->int
返回value在元组中出现的次数;
• t.index(value)
返回value在元组中的偏移量(即索引值)