Protocol Buffer Basics: C++ 简单的Protocol Buffer C++例子

This tutorial provides a basic C++ programmer’s introduction to working with protocol buffers. By walking through creating a simple example application, it shows you how to

• Define message formats in a .proto file.
• Use the protocol buffer compiler.
• Use the C++ protocol buffer API to write and read messages.

This isn’t a comprehensive guide to using protocol buffers in C++. For more detailed reference information, see the Protocol Buffer Language Guide, the C++ API Reference, the C++ Generated Code Guide, and the Encoding Reference.

简单的Protocol Buffer例子。

Defining Your Protocol Format

To create your address book application, you’ll need to start with a .proto file. The definitions in a .proto file are simple: you add a message for each data structure you want to serialize, then specify a name and a type for each field in the message. Here is the .proto file that defines your messages, addressbook.proto.

创建一个后缀名为.proto的文件，下面下一个addressbook.proto的示例：

syntax = "proto2";

package tutorial;

message Person {
   
  required string name = 1;
  required int32 id = 2;
  optional string email = 3;

  enum PhoneType {
   
    MOBILE = 0;
    HOME = 1;
    WORK = 2;
  }

  message PhoneNumber {
   
    required string number = 1;
    optional PhoneType type = 2 [default = HOME];
  }

  repeated PhoneNumber phones = 4;
}

message AddressBook {
   
  repeated Person people = 1;
}

As you can see, the syntax is similar to C++ or Java. Let’s go through each part of the file and see what it does.

语法跟C++或Java相似。

The .proto file starts with a package declaration, which helps to prevent naming conflicts between different projects. In C++, your generated classes will be placed in a namespace matching the package name.

首先需要一个package声明，用来防止在不同项目中的命令冲突。在C++中，这个package声明会被翻译成namespace命名空间，然后里面是翻译的你定义的类。

接下来，