solaris裸设备和格式化分区和查看硬盘

# format ====查看已经挂接上的硬盘==
Searching for disks...done

AVAILABLE DISK SELECTIONS:
0. c0d0 <DEFAULT cyl 7293 alt 2 hd 255 sec 63>
/pci@0,0/pci-ide@1f,2/ide@0/cmdk@0,0
1. c2t1d0 <DEFAULT cyl 157 alt 2 hd 64 sec 32> （这个数字是硬盘的容量）=160m
/iscsi/disk@0000iqn.2006-01.com.openfiler%3Arac1.ocr0001,0
2. c2t2d0 <DEFAULT cyl 61 alt 2 hd 64 sec 32>
/iscsi/disk@0000iqn.2006-01.com.openfiler%3Arac1.vot0001,0
3. c2t3d0 <DEFAULT cyl 157 alt 2 hd 64 sec 32>
/iscsi/disk@0000iqn.2006-01.com.openfiler%3Arac1.asmspfile0001,0
4. c2t4d0 <DEFAULT cyl 11473 alt 2 hd 255 sec 63>
/iscsi/disk@0000iqn.2006-01.com.openfiler%3Arac1.asm10001,0
5. c2t5d0 <DEFAULT cyl 11473 alt 2 hd 255 sec 63>
/iscsi/disk@0000iqn.2006-01.com.openfiler%3Arac1.asm20001,0
6. c2t6d0 <DEFAULT cyl 12746 alt 2 hd 255 sec 63>
/iscsi/disk@0000iqn.2006-01.com.openfiler%3Arac1.asm30001,0
Specify disk (enter its number): 1
selecting c2t1d0
[disk formatted]

FORMAT MENU
disk - select a disk
type - select (define) a disk type
partition - select (define) a partition table
current - describe the current disk
format - format and analyze the disk
fdisk - run the fdisk program
repair - repair a defective sector
label - write label to the disk
analyze - surface analysis
defect - defect list management
backup - search for backup labels
verify - read and display labels
save - save new disk/partition definitions
inquiry - show vendor, product and revision
volname - set 8-character volume name
!<cmd> - execute <cmd>, then return
format> partition ==分区硬盘==
Please run fdisk first
format> fdisk ===格式化硬盘====
No fdisk table exists. The default partition for the disk is:

a 100% "SOLARIS system" partition

Type "y" to accept the default partition, otherwise type "n" to edit the partition table.
y
format> partition ===在格式化硬盘后，分区===

PARTITION MENU:
0 - change '0' partition
1 - change '1' partition
2 - change '2' partition
3 - change '3' partition
4 - change '4' partition
5 - change '5' partition
6 - change '6' partition
7 - change '7' partition
select - select a predefined table
modify - modify a predefined partition table
name - name the current table
print - display the current table
label - write the partition map and label to the disk
!<cmd> - execute <cmd>, then return
quit


partition> print ==查看，当前分区表====（ c2t1d0 硬盘上）
Current partition table (original):
Total disk cylinders（圆柱） available: 156 + 2 (reserved cylinders)

Part Tag Flag Cylinders Size Blocks
0 unassigned wm 0 0 (0/0/0) 0
1 unassigned wm 0 0 (0/0/0) 0
2 backup wu 0 - 156 157.00MB (157/0/0) 321536
3 unassigned wm 0 0 (0/0/0) 0
4 unassigned wm 0 0 (0/0/0) 0
5 unassigned wm 0 0 (0/0/0) 0
6 unassigned wm 0 0 (0/0/0) 0
7 unassigned wm 0 0 (0/0/0) 0
8 boot wu 0 - 0 1.00MB (1/0/0) 2048
9 unassigned wm 0 0 (0/0/0) 0

partition> 1
Part Tag Flag Cylinders Size Blocks
1 unassigned wm 0 0 (0/0/0) 0

Enter partition id tag[unassigned]:
Enter partition permission flags[wm]:
Enter new starting cyl[0]: 3
Enter partition size[0b, 0c, 3e, 0.00mb, 0.00gb]: 153c ===153 cyl(圆柱)=


partition> label --加标签
Ready to label disk, continue? y



=====================

说明：

Flag：wm=磁盤分區是寫并且可mount的 write mount

wu=磁盤分區是可寫并且不可mount的 write unmount

rm=磁盤分區是可讀并且可mount的 read mount

ru=磁盤分區是可讀并且不可mount的 read unmount







Current partition table (original):

Total disk cylinders available: 14087 + 2 (reserved cylinders)

Part Tag Flag Cylinders Size Blocks

0 root wm 0 - 1610 7.82GB (1611/0/0) 16393536

1 swap wu 1611 - 2013 1.96GB (403/0/0) 4100928

2 backup wm 0 - 14086 68.35GB (14087/0/0) 143349312

3 unassigned wm 0 0 (0/0/0) 0

4 unassigned wm 0 0 (0/0/0) 0

5 unassigned wm 0 0 (0/0/0) 0

6 unassigned wm 0 0 (0/0/0) 0

7 unassigned wm 0 0 (0/0/0) 0

partition> 7

Part Tag Flag Cylinders Size Blocks

7 unassigned wm 0 0 (0/0/0) 0



Enter partition id tag[unassigned]: --之前定義的可選的標記符

--( 只可以使用 unassigned, boot, root, swap, usr, backup, stand, var, home, alternates )

Enter partition permission flags[wm]: --之前定義的的可選的標示位

--( wm - read-write, mountable，wu - read-write, unmountable，rm - read-only, mountable，ru - --read-only, unmountable )

Flag：wm=磁盤分區是寫并且可mount的

wu=磁盤分區是可寫并且不可mount的

rm=磁盤分區是可讀并且可mount的

ru=磁盤分區是可讀并且不可mount的



Cylinders分區的起始柱頭數和中止柱頭數

Enter new starting cyl[0]: 2014

Enter partition size[0b, 0c, 2014e, 0.00mb, 0.00gb]: 100mb

partition> lab --將當前定義的分區寫入磁盤卷標

Ready to label disk, continue? y

partition> s --save - save new disk/partition definitions



切忌，第二個分區（分區編號為 2）稱為備份分區，她是整個磁盤




重点：

这个过程一般可以分为3个步骤：(更好理解)
1. 物理格式化，也就是通常所说的低级格式化（Low-Level Formatting，LLF）; ==fdisk
2. 分区； ==partition
3. 逻辑格式化，也就是通常所说的高级格式化（High-Level Formatting，HLF） ==format





1.磁盘管理-——分区命名惯例

对于每个一磁盘分片，通常以cxtxdxsx表示，其中c/t/d/s的含义如下：

*C代表控制器标号。控制器位于主板上面，所谓控制器，就是控制，发出命令的器件。

*T代表目标编号。 即分配给每个存储设备的一个唯一的硬件地址。

*D代表磁盘编号。 这个数字反映的是目标位置上的磁盘号，即具体的磁盘

*S代表分片编号。 通常从0～7，即分区的号码了 =重要

比如上面的c0t0d0



裸设备存放地址：===重点

============/dev/rdsk/c2t1d0s* 下面已经都有了，=====

#chown root:dba /dev/rdsk/c2t1d0s1
# chmod 660 /dev/rdsk/c2t1d0s1
# chown oracle:dba /dev/rdsk/c2t2d0s1
# chmod 660 /dev/rdsk/c2t2d0s1
# chown oracle:dba /dev/rdsk/c2t3d0s1
# chown oracle:dba /dev/rdsk/c2t4d0s1
# chown oracle:dba /dev/rdsk/c2t5d0s1
# chown oracle:dba /dev/rdsk/c2t6d0s1