Red Hat7配置163YUM源

背景\需求

• RedHat 7自带的yum源需要付费注册，未注册情况下会报错误.
• RedHat 7成功注册后，用yum repolist all检查源数目为0。这时候需要将RedHat 7自带的yum源 替换成CentOS 7免费源。

实现步骤

• 检查Red Hat 7包含哪些初始的yum包。

  rpm -qa |grep yum

  

• 删除系统中原有的YUM源

rpm -qa|grep yum|xargs rpm -e --nodeps

• 打开163的镜像网址：http://mirrors.163.com/centos/，并查看当前最新支持的Centos版本。
• 下载163镜像站中CentOS 7下的 yum相关包，下载地址：http://mirrors.163.com/centos/7.5.1804/os/x86_64/Packages/ 

  wget http://mirrors.163.com/centos/7/os/x86_64/Packages/yum-3.4.3-161.el7.centos.noarch.rpm
  wget http://mirrors.163.com/centos/7/os/x86_64/Packages/yum-metadata-parser-1.1.4-10.el7.x86_64.rpm
  wget http://mirrors.163.com/centos/7/os/x86_64/Packages/yum-plugin-fastestmirror-1.1.31-50.el7.noarch.rpm

  

• 为避免依赖问题，建议执行一下命令，从而实现一次性安装下载的三个软件包。

   rpm -ivh yum-*

  

• 执行如下命令查看是否成功安装。

rpm -qa |grep yum

• 在/etc/yum.repos.d/目录下备份系统自带的源地址文件

mv /etc/yum.repos.d/rhel-source.repo（原始文件） /etc/yum.repos.d/rhel-source.repo.backup

• 在/etc/yum.repos.d/目录下，下载163镜像站内的镜像源文件。（网址可能会变动，可以手动进入 http://mirrors.163.com/.help/centos.html，确认一下文件和版本）

http://mirrors.163.com/.help/CentOS7-Base-163.repo

• 将下载的CentOS7-Base-163.repo文件中的 $releasever 全部修改为目标版本7.6.1810（具体版本号请参考网址http://mirrors.163.com/centos/），替换后文件如下所示：

# CentOS-Base.repo
#
# The mirror system uses the connecting IP address of the client and the
# update status of each mirror to pick mirrors that are updated to and
# geographically close to the client.  You should use this for CentOS updates
# unless you are manually picking other mirrors.
#
# If the mirrorlist= does not work for you, as a fall back you can try the 
# remarked out baseurl= line instead.
#
#
[base]
name=CentOS-7.6.1810 - Base - 163.com
#mirrorlist=http://mirrorlist.centos.org/?release=7.6.1810&arch=$basearch&repo=os
baseurl=http://mirrors.163.com/centos/7.6.1810/os/$basearch/
gpgcheck=1
gpgkey=http://mirrors.163.com/centos/RPM-GPG-KEY-CentOS-7

#released updates
[updates]
name=CentOS-7.6.1810 - Updates - 163.com
#mirrorlist=http://mirrorlist.centos.org/?release=7.6.1810&arch=$basearch&repo=updates
baseurl=http://mirrors.163.com/centos/7.6.1810/updates/$basearch/
gpgcheck=1
gpgkey=http://mirrors.163.com/centos/RPM-GPG-KEY-CentOS-7

#additional packages that may be useful
[extras]
name=CentOS-7.6.1810 - Extras - 163.com
#mirrorlist=http://mirrorlist.centos.org/?release=7.6.1810&arch=$basearch&repo=extras
baseurl=http://mirrors.163.com/centos/7.6.1810/extras/$basearch/
gpgcheck=1
gpgkey=http://mirrors.163.com/centos/RPM-GPG-KEY-CentOS-7

#additional packages that extend functionality of existing packages
[centosplus]
name=CentOS-7.6.1810 - Plus - 163.com
baseurl=http://mirrors.163.com/centos/7.6.1810/centosplus/$basearch/
gpgcheck=1
enabled=0
gpgkey=http://mirrors.163.com/centos/RPM-GPG-KEY-CentOS-7

• 清理之前的YUM缓存。

yum clean all

• 重新生成YUM缓存。

yum makecache

• 检查源是否已经更新。

yum repolist all