项目场景:
记录一个fragment使用时遇到的问题,在fragment根viewgroup里定义一个id后,在对应的activity使用该id找不到对应的元素问题描述:
在fragment的根view定义一个id后,在对应的activity里使用findviewbyid,找不到对应的元素,需要使用activity layout里对应的id,这种情况只发生在静态添加过程中,使用动态添加不存在此问题。 如下,在根viewgroup里添加了一个id:<!-- TODO: Update blank fragment layout -->
<FrameLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
xmlns:tools="http://schemas.android.com/tools"
android:layout_width="match_parent"
android:layout_height="match_parent"
android:background="@color/cardview_dark_background"
android:id = "@+id/l1"
tools:context=".BlankFragment">
<TextView
android:id="@+id/tv1"
android:layout_width="match_parent"
android:layout_height="match_parent"
android:background="#00ffffff"
android:text="@string/hello_blank_fragment" />
之后在activity里使用对应的静态添加:
<LinearLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
xmlns:app="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res-auto"
xmlns:tools="http://schemas.android.com/tools"
android:layout_width="match_parent"
android:layout_height="match_parent"
android:orientation="vertical"
tools:context=".MainActivity">
<fragment
android:layout_width="match_parent"
android:layout_height="match_parent"
android:name="com.example.myapplication.BlankFragment"
android:id="@+id/l2"/>
</LinearLayout>
之后如果在activity里使用l1这个id,是找不到该根view的,需要使用l2这个id,在fragment里,在oncreateview阶段,使用view.findviewbyid 是可以用l1这个id1找到对应的view的,在onactivitycreated之后就无法使用l1找到对应的id了。
原因分析:
具体的原因是在fragmentimpl这个类中,如果使用静态添加方法的话,会经过fragmengimpl的oncreateview方法,该方法里会将根view的id设置为对应container的id,也就是activity里fragment 标签的id,如下: @Override
@Nullable
public View onCreateView(@Nullable View parent, @NonNull String name, @NonNull Context context,
@NonNull AttributeSet attrs) {
if (!"fragment".equals(name)) {
return null;
}
String fname = attrs.getAttributeValue(null, "class");
TypedArray a = context.obtainStyledAttributes(attrs, FragmentTag.Fragment);
if (fname == null) {
fname = a.getString(FragmentTag.Fragment_name);
}
int id = a.getResourceId(FragmentTag.Fragment_id, View.NO_ID);
String tag = a.getString(FragmentTag.Fragment_tag);
a.recycle();
if (fname == null || !FragmentFactory.isFragmentClass(context.getClassLoader(), fname)) {
// Invalid support lib fragment; let the device's framework handle it.
// This will allow android.app.Fragments to do the right thing.
return null;
}
int containerId = parent != null ? parent.getId() : 0;
if (containerId == View.NO_ID && id == View.NO_ID && tag == null) {
throw new IllegalArgumentException(attrs.getPositionDescription()
+ ": Must specify unique android:id, android:tag, or have a parent with an id for " + fname);
}
// If we restored from a previous state, we may already have
// instantiated this fragment from the state and should use
// that instance instead of making a new one.
Fragment fragment = id != View.NO_ID ? findFragmentById(id) : null;
if (fragment == null && tag != null) {
fragment = findFragmentByTag(tag);
}
if (fragment == null && containerId != View.NO_ID) {
fragment = findFragmentById(containerId);
}
if (FragmentManagerImpl.DEBUG) Log.v(TAG, "onCreateView: id=0x"
+ Integer.toHexString(id) + " fname=" + fname
+ " existing=" + fragment);
if (fragment == null) {
fragment = getFragmentFactory().instantiate(context.getClassLoader(), fname);
fragment.mFromLayout = true;
fragment.mFragmentId = id != 0 ? id : containerId;
fragment.mContainerId = containerId;
fragment.mTag = tag;
fragment.mInLayout = true;
fragment.mFragmentManager = this;
fragment.mHost = mHost;
fragment.onInflate(mHost.getContext(), attrs, fragment.mSavedFragmentState);
addFragment(fragment, true);
} else if (fragment.mInLayout) {
// A fragment already exists and it is not one we restored from
// previous state.
throw new IllegalArgumentException(attrs.getPositionDescription()
+ ": Duplicate id 0x" + Integer.toHexString(id)
+ ", tag " + tag + ", or parent id 0x" + Integer.toHexString(containerId)
+ " with another fragment for " + fname);
} else {
// This fragment was retained from a previous instance; get it
// going now.
fragment.mInLayout = true;
fragment.mHost = mHost;
// Give the Fragment the attributes to initialize itself.
fragment.onInflate(mHost.getContext(), attrs, fragment.mSavedFragmentState);
}
// If we haven't finished entering the CREATED state ourselves yet,
// push the inflated child fragment along. This will ensureInflatedFragmentView
// at the right phase of the lifecycle so that we will have mView populated
// for compliant fragments below.
if (mCurState < Fragment.CREATED && fragment.mFromLayout) {
moveToState(fragment, Fragment.CREATED, 0, 0, false);
} else {
moveToState(fragment);
}
if (fragment.mView == null) {
throw new IllegalStateException("Fragment " + fname
+ " did not create a view.");
}
if (id != 0) {
fragment.mView.setId(id);
}
if (fragment.mView.getTag() == null) {
fragment.mView.setTag(tag);
}
return fragment.mView;
}
fragment.mView.setId(id) 这条语句将根view的id设置为了对应container的id。如果使用动态添加的话,则不会经过该方法。具体控制流程在fragmentimpl类中的movetostate方法中,该方法了记录一个当前fragmentimpl类所处状态,并且和当前处理的fragment的状态做对比,从而控制应该经过什么处理流程,具体细节如果有时间的话再继续写。
解决方案:
提示:这里填写该问题的具体解决方案:
使用动态添加或使用container的id。