Elasticsearch学习笔记（四）：ES的搜索方式

最新推荐文章于 2024-08-14 06:49:44 发布

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最新推荐文章于 2024-08-14 06:49:44 发布

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分类专栏： Elasticsearch 文章标签： Elasticsearch

本文链接：https://blog.csdn.net/Lee_Ho_/article/details/91490309

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本文介绍了Elasticsearch的多种搜索方式，包括query string search、query DSL、query filter、full-text search、phrase search、highlight search以及聚合分析。query string search适用于简单搜索，而query DSL更适合构建复杂的查询语法。此外，全文检索和短语搜索分别处理不同的搜索需求，高亮搜索能突出显示匹配部分。文章还详细探讨了不同场景下的聚合分析应用。

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大纲：

query string search
query DSL
query filter
full-text search
phrase search
highlight search
聚合分析

1. query string search

搜索全部商品：get /ecommerce/product/_search

{
  "took": 20,
  "timed_out": false,
  "_shards": {
    "total": 5,
    "successful": 5,
    "failed": 0
  },
  "hits": {
    "total": 3,
    "max_score": 1,
    "hits": [
      {
        "_index": "ecommerce",
        "_type": "product",
        "_id": "2",
        "_score": 1,
        "_source": {
          "name": "jiajieshi yagao",
          "desc": "youxiao fangzhu",
          "price": 25,
          "producer": "jiajieshi producer",
          "tags": [
            "fangzhu"
          ]
        }
      },
      {
        "_index": "ecommerce",
        "_type": "product",
        "_id": "1",
        "_score": 1,
        "_source": {
          "name": "chaojiban gaolujie yaogao",
          "desc": "gaoxiao meibai",
          "price": 30,
          "producer": "gaolujie producer",
          "tags": [
            "meibai",
            "fangzhu"
          ]
        }
      },
      {
        "_index": "ecommerce",
        "_type": "product",
        "_id": "3",
        "_score": 1,
        "_source": {
          "name": "zhonghua yagao",
          "desc": "caoben zhiwu",
          "price": 40,
          "producer": "zhonghua producer",
          "tags": [
            "qingxin"
          ]
        }
      }
    ]
  }
}

took：耗费了几毫秒

time_out：是否超时，这里没有

_shards：数据拆成了5个分片，所以对于搜索请求，会打到所有的primary shard（或是它的某个 replica shard也可以）

hits.total：结果数量，这里是三个document。

hits.max_score：score的含义，就是document对于一个search相关度的匹配分数，越相关，就越匹配，分数越高

hits.hits：包含匹配搜索的document数据

query string search的由来，是因为search 参数都是以http请求的query string来附带的。

搜索商品中包含牙膏的数据，按照售价降序排序：get /ecommerce/produce/_search?q=name:yaogao&sort=price:desc

适用于临时在命令行使用的工具，比如curl，快速的发出请求，来检索想要的信息；但是如果查询的条件非常复杂，是很难去构建的，因此，在生产环境当中，是跟少去用的。

{
  "took": 3,
  "timed_out": false,
  "_shards": {
    "total": 5,
    "successful": 5,
    "failed": 0
  },
  "hits": {
    "total": 3,
    "max_score": null,
    "hits": [
      {
        "_index": "ecommerce",
        "_type": "product",
        "_id": "3",
        "_score": null,
        "_source": {
          "name": "zhonghua yagao",
          "desc": "caoben zhiwu",
          "price": 40,
          "producer": "zhonghua producer",
          "tags": [
            "qingxin"
          ]
        },
        "sort": [
          40
        ]
      },
      {
        "_index": "ecommerce",
        "_type": "product",
        "_id": "1",
        "_score": null,
        "_source": {
          "name": "chaojiban gaolujie yagao",
          "desc": "gaoxiao meibai",
          "price": 30,
          "producer": "gaolujie producer",
          "tags": [
            "meibai",
            "fangzhu"
          ]
        },
        "sort": [
          30
        ]
      },
      {
        "_index": "ecommerce",
        "_type": "product",
        "_id": "2",
        "_score": null,
        "_source": {
          "name": "jiajieshi yagao",
          "desc": "youxiao fangzhu",
          "price": 25,
          "producer": "jiajieshi producer",
          "tags": [
            "fangzhu"
          ]
        },
        "sort": [
          25
        ]
      }
    ]
  }
}

2. query DSL

DSL: domain specified language: 特定领域的语言

http request body,请求体，可以用json来构建复杂的查询语法，比较方便，比query string search强大很多。

查询所有的商品：

get ecommerce/product/_search
{
  "query":{
    "match_all": {}
  }
}

查询名称包含yagao的商品，并价格降序

GET /ecommerce/product/_search
{
    "query": {
        "match": {
          "name": "yagao"
        }
    },
    "sort": [
      {
        "price": {
          "order": "desc"
        }
      }
    ]
}


{
  "took": 1,
  "timed_out": false,
  "_shards": {
    "total": 5,
    "successful": 5,
    "failed": 0
  },
  "hits": {
    "total": 3,
    "max_score": null,
    "hits": [
      {
        "_index": "ecommerce",
        "_type": "product",
        "_id": "3",
        "_score": null,
        "_source": {
          "name": "zhonghua yagao",
          "desc":