arduino学习（4.15-4.20）

最新推荐文章于 2024-09-11 14:42:29 发布

Ltls1314

最新推荐文章于 2024-09-11 14:42:29 发布

阅读量573

点赞数 14

文章标签：学习

本文链接：https://blog.csdn.net/Ltls1314/article/details/137795709

版权

文章介绍了如何利用布尔运算控制双按键实现LED灯的闪烁，以及使用模拟输出控制LED亮度的方法。通过改进，作者简化了四位数码管的显示代码，仅需更改一个变量即可改变显示数字。

摘要由CSDN通过智能技术生成

1.布尔运算与双按键控制LED灯闪烁

布尔运算符：

&& （逻辑与) 只有在两个操作数都为真时才返回真。

|| （逻辑或）任意一个为真时返回真

! （逻辑非）当操作数为假时返回真

双按键控制LED灯闪烁;

代码:

2.控制四位数码管显示数字：

四位数码管引脚图：

代码：

void setup() {
  // put your setup code here, to run once:
int pinNumber =2;
while (pinNumber<=13)//设置引脚为输出模式，2~9为a~g,10~13为公共端
{
  pinMode(pinNumber,OUTPUT);
  pinNumber += 1;
}
}

void loop() {
  // put your main code here, to run repeatedly:
int pinNumber = 2;//点亮第一位数字
digitalWrite(10,LOW);
digitalWrite(11,HIGH);
digitalWrite(12,HIGH);
digitalWrite(13,HIGH);
digitalWrite(3,HIGH);
digitalWrite(4,HIGH);
digitalWrite(2,HIGH);
digitalWrite(5,HIGH);
digitalWrite(6,HIGH);
digitalWrite(7,HIGH);


delay(1);
while(pinNumber<=9)//数据清洗，不然会导致显示错乱
{
  digitalWrite(pinNumber,LOW);
  pinNumber +=1;
}
delay(1);

pinNumber =2;//点亮第二位数字
digitalWrite(10,HIGH);
digitalWrite(11,LOW);
digitalWrite(12,HIGH);
digitalWrite(13,HIGH);
digitalWrite(2,HIGH);
digitalWrite(6,HIGH);
digitalWrite(4,HIGH);
digitalWrite(5,HIGH);
digitalWrite(8,HIGH);
digitalWrite(7,HIGH);
delay(1);
while(pinNumber<=9){
  digitalWrite(pinNumber,LOW);
  pinNumber +=1;
}
delay(1);


 pinNumber =2;//第三位
digitalWrite(10,HIGH);
digitalWrite(11,HIGH);
digitalWrite(12,LOW);
digitalWrite(13,HIGH);
digitalWrite(3,HIGH);
digitalWrite(8,HIGH);
digitalWrite(2,HIGH);
digitalWrite(5,HIGH);
digitalWrite(6,HIGH);

delay(1);
while(pinNumber<=9){
  digitalWrite(pinNumber,LOW);
  pinNumber +=1;
}
delay(1);

 pinNumber =2;//第四位
digitalWrite(10,HIGH);
digitalWrite(11,HIGH);
digitalWrite(12,HIGH);
digitalWrite(13,LOW);
digitalWrite(3,HIGH);
digitalWrite(4,HIGH);
digitalWrite(2,HIGH);

delay(1);
while(pinNumber<=9){
  digitalWrite(pinNumber,LOW);
  pinNumber +=1;
}
delay(1);


}

实物图：

收获：用while循环减少了代码量，同时加深了让引脚接入电路的接法。

不足：每次要输出数字时都要重新输入，不方便。

改进后：

代码:

int ccm1, ccm2,ccm3,ccm4;//公共端
 int LEDnum = 520;//输入想要的数
void setup() {
  // put your setup code here, to run once:
int pinNumber =2;
while (pinNumber<=13)//设置引脚为输出模式，2~9为a~g,10~13为公共端
{
  pinMode(pinNumber,OUTPUT);
  pinNumber += 1;
}
}
void pinsclear()//清理函数
{
  digitalWrite(2,LOW);
  digitalWrite(3,LOW);
  digitalWrite(4,LOW);
  digitalWrite(5,LOW);
  digitalWrite(6,LOW);
  digitalWrite(7,LOW);
  digitalWrite(8,LOW);
  digitalWrite(9,LOW);
  }
void lighten(int num){//显示数字函数
  switch(num){
    case 1:
    digitalWrite(3,HIGH);
    digitalWrite(4,HIGH);
    break;
    case 2:
    digitalWrite(3,HIGH);
    digitalWrite(8,HIGH);
    digitalWrite(2,HIGH);
    digitalWrite(5,HIGH);
    digitalWrite(6,HIGH);
    break;
    case 3:
    digitalWrite(2,HIGH);
    digitalWrite(3,HIGH);
    digitalWrite(4,HIGH);
    digitalWrite(5,HIGH);
    digitalWrite(8,HIGH);
    break;
    case 4:
    digitalWrite(7,HIGH);
    digitalWrite(8,HIGH);
    digitalWrite(3,HIGH);
    digitalWrite(4,HIGH);
    break;
    case 5:
    digitalWrite(2,HIGH);
    digitalWrite(7,HIGH);
    digitalWrite(8,HIGH);
    digitalWrite(4,HIGH);
    digitalWrite(5,HIGH);
    break;
    case 6:
    digitalWrite(2,HIGH);
    digitalWrite(7,HIGH);
    digitalWrite(8,HIGH);
    digitalWrite(4,HIGH);
    digitalWrite(5,HIGH);
    digitalWrite(6,HIGH);
    break;
    case 7:
    digitalWrite(3,HIGH);
    digitalWrite(4,HIGH);
    digitalWrite(2,HIGH);
    break;
    case 8:
    digitalWrite(3,HIGH);
    digitalWrite(4,HIGH);
    digitalWrite(2,HIGH);
    digitalWrite(5,HIGH);
    digitalWrite(6,HIGH);
    digitalWrite(7,HIGH);
    digitalWrite(8,HIGH);
    break;
    case 9:
    digitalWrite(3,HIGH);
    digitalWrite(4,HIGH);
    digitalWrite(2,HIGH);
    digitalWrite(7,HIGH);
    digitalWrite(8,HIGH);
    break;
    case 0:
    digitalWrite(3,HIGH);
    digitalWrite(4,HIGH);
    digitalWrite(2,HIGH);
    digitalWrite(5,HIGH);
    digitalWrite(6,HIGH);
    digitalWrite(7,HIGH);
    break;

  }
}
void selectcom (int ccm){ 
  switch(ccm){
    case 1:

    ccm1 = LEDnum/1000 % 10;
    digitalWrite(10,LOW);
    digitalWrite(11,HIGH);
    digitalWrite(12,HIGH);
    digitalWrite(13,HIGH);
    lighten(ccm1);
    break;
    case 2:
    ccm2 = LEDnum/100 % 10;
    digitalWrite(10,HIGH);
    digitalWrite(11,LOW);
    digitalWrite(12,HIGH);
    digitalWrite(13,HIGH);
    lighten(ccm2);
    break;
    case 3:
    ccm3 = LEDnum/10 % 10;
    digitalWrite(10,HIGH);
    digitalWrite(11,HIGH);
    digitalWrite(12,LOW);
    digitalWrite(13,HIGH);
    lighten(ccm3);
    break;
    case 4:
    ccm4 = LEDnum % 10;
    digitalWrite(10,HIGH);
    digitalWrite(11,HIGH);
    digitalWrite(12,HIGH);
    digitalWrite(13,LOW);
    lighten(ccm4);
    break;
  }
}
void loop() {
//点亮第一位数字
selectcom(1);
delay(1);
pinsclear();
delay(1);
//点亮第二位数字
selectcom(2);
delay(1);
pinsclear();
delay(1);
//第三位
selectcom(3);
delay(1);
pinsclear();
delay(1);
//第四位
selectcom(4);
delay(1);
pinsclear();
delay(1);
}

现在输出数字只需要改变LEDnum的值就可以显示数字

3.模拟输出控制LED灯亮度

新函数:analogWrite()

作用：将一个模拟数值写进Arduino引脚，这个操作可以用来控制LED的亮度，Arduino每一次对引脚执行analogWrite()指令，都会给该引脚一个固定频率的PWM信号。

参数：

pin：被读取的模拟引脚号码
value：0到255之间的PWM频率值, 0对应off, 255对应on

代码：

boolean pushButton1;   // 创建布尔型变量用来存储按键开关1的电平状态
boolean pushButton2;   // 创建布尔型变量用来存储按键开关2的电平状态
boolean pushButton3;   // 创建布尔型变量用来存储按键开关3的电平状态
int ledPin = 9;        //LED引脚号
int brightness = 128;  //LED亮度参数

void setup() {
  // put your setup code here, to run once:
  pinMode(2, INPUT_PULLUP); //将引脚2设置为输入上拉模式
  pinMode(8, INPUT_PULLUP); //将引脚8设置为输入上拉模式
  pinMode(10, INPUT_PULLUP);//将引脚10设置为输入上拉模式
  pinMode(ledPin, OUTPUT);  //将LED引脚设置为输出模式
  Serial.begin(9600);      //启动串口通讯
}

void loop() {
  // put your main code here, to run repeatedly:
  pushButton1 = digitalRead(10); //读取引脚10电平状态并将其赋值给布尔变量
  pushButton2 = digitalRead(8); //读取引脚8电平状态并将其赋值给布尔变量
  pushButton3 = digitalRead(2);//读取引脚2电平状态并将其赋值给布尔变量
  
  if (!pushButton1  ){     // 当按下按键开关1
    brightness=255;                          
  }  if (!pushButton2 ) {  //当按下按键开关2
    brightness=0;                                 
  } if (!pushButton3){   //当按下按键开关3
    brightness=60;
  }
  analogWrite(ledPin, brightness);         //模拟输出控制LED亮度
  Serial.println(brightness);              //将LED亮度参数显示在串口监视器上
  delay(20);
}