NIO编程学习记录

NIO编程

目录

1. 最基本的NIO编程…
2. 使用Selector优化NIO编程…
3. 使用多线程，优化Selector…

1、最基本的NIO编程

通过不停的轮询，来查看是否有请求。

public class Server1 {

    public static void main(String[] args) throws IOException {

        ByteBuffer byteBuffer = ByteBuffer.allocate(16);
        //
        ServerSocketChannel ssc = ServerSocketChannel.open();

        ssc.configureBlocking(false);
        ssc.bind(new InetSocketAddress(8080));

        List<SocketChannel> channels = new ArrayList<>();
        while (true) {
            SocketChannel sc = ssc.accept();
            if (sc != null) {
                channels.add(sc);
            }
            for (SocketChannel channel : channels) {
                channel.read(byteBuffer);
                byteBuffer.flip();
                System.out.println(Charset.defaultCharset().decode(byteBuffer).toString());
                byteBuffer.clear();
            }
        }
    }
}

2、通过Selector实现NIO编程

public class Server2 {
    public static void main(String[] args) throws IOException {     
        // 0. 创建、 配置链接
        ServerSocketChannel ssc = ServerSocketChannel.open();
        ssc.configureBlocking(false);
        ssc.bind(new InetSocketAddress(8080));
        // 1. 创建Selector
        Selector selector = Selector.open();
        // 2. 建立 selector 和 channel 之间的联系 （注册）
        SelectionKey sscKey = ssc.register(selector, 0, null);
        // 3. 设置 SelectionKey 关注事件
        sscKey.interestOps(SelectionKey.OP_ACCEPT);
        while (true) {
            // 4. 调用selector方法
            // selector 方法： 如果有事件，就继续执行后续代码， 如果没有事件，就阻塞；有未处理事件，不会阻塞
            selector.select();
            // 5. 处理事件
            Iterator<SelectionKey> iter = selector.selectedKeys().iterator();
            while (iter.hasNext()) {
                SelectionKey key = iter.next();
                // 手动删除 已经处理完事件的key ！！！
                iter.remove();
                System.out.println("key: " + key);
                // 区分事件类型
                if (key.isAcceptable()) {
                    ServerSocketChannel channel = (ServerSocketChannel) key.channel();
                    // key.cancel(); // 不想处理，取消事件
                    // 6. 注册 SocketChannel
                    SocketChannel sc = channel.accept();
                    sc.configureBlocking(false);
                    SelectionKey scKey = sc.register(selector, 0, null);
                    scKey.interestOps(SelectionKey.OP_READ);
                    System.out.println("建立链接：" + sc);
                }
                else if (key.isReadable()) {
                    try {
                        SocketChannel channel = (SocketChannel) key.channel();
                        ByteBuffer byteBuffer = ByteBuffer.allocate(16);
                        /*
                            如果正常退出，read = -1
                         */
                        int read = channel.read(byteBuffer);
                        if (read == -1) {
                            key.cancel();
                        }
                        else {
                            // 未处理消息
                            byteBuffer.flip();
                            System.out.println(Charset.defaultCharset().decode(byteBuffer).toString());
                        }
                    } catch (IOException e) {
                        e.printStackTrace();
                        key.cancel();
                    }
                }
                else {
                    System.out.println("others");
                }
        }
    }
}

3、使用多线程，优化Selector方案

public class Server5 {

    public static void main(String[] args) throws IOException {

        // 设置当前线程名
        Thread.currentThread().setName("boss");
        // 设置 Selector boss
        Selector boss = Selector.open();
        // 设置 ServerSocketChannel
        ServerSocketChannel ssc = ServerSocketChannel.open();
        ssc.configureBlocking(false);
        ssc.bind(new InetSocketAddress(1234));

        SelectionKey bossKey = ssc.register(boss, 0, null);
        bossKey.interestOps(SelectionKey.OP_ACCEPT);

        // 1. 创建 Worker
        // Worker worker0 = new Worker("worker-0");
        // Worker[] workers = new Worker[2];
        // 获取CPU的核心数
        Worker[] workers = new Worker[Runtime.getRuntime().availableProcessors()];
        // 在docker中 容器不是物理隔离的，会拿到cpu的个数，而不是容器申请时的个数。
        for (int i = 0; i < workers.length; i++) {
            workers[i] = new Worker("worker-" + i);
        }
        AtomicInteger index = new AtomicInteger();

        while (true){

            boss.select();
            Iterator<SelectionKey> iterator = boss.selectedKeys().iterator();

            while (iterator.hasNext()) {
                SelectionKey key = iterator.next();
                iterator.remove();
                if (key.isAcceptable()) {
                    ServerSocketChannel channel = (ServerSocketChannel) key.channel();
                    SocketChannel sc = channel.accept();
                    sc.configureBlocking(false);
                    System.out.println("connected..." +  sc.getRemoteAddress());
                    // 2. 关联 worker
                    //round robin 负载均衡
                    workers[index.getAndIncrement() % workers.length].register(sc);
                    // worker0.register(sc);
                }
            }
        }

    }

    static class Worker implements Runnable{
        private Thread thread;

        private Selector selector;

        private String name;

        private volatile boolean start = false; // 还未初始化
        public ConcurrentLinkedQueue<Runnable> queue = new ConcurrentLinkedQueue<>();

        public Worker(String name) {
            this.name = name;
        }

        public void register(SocketChannel sc) throws IOException {
            if (!start) {
                selector = Selector.open();
                thread = new Thread(this, name);
                thread.start();
                start = true;
            }
            queue.add(()->{
                try {
                    sc.register(selector, SelectionKey.OP_READ, null);
                } catch (ClosedChannelException e) {
                    e.printStackTrace();
                }
            });
            selector.wakeup(); // 唤醒 select() 方法
            // 方法二： 更简单的方法, 在这个进行注册
            // sc.register(selector, SelectionKey.OP_READ, null);
        }

        @Override
        public void run() {
            while (true) {
                try {
                    selector.select();
                    Runnable task = queue.poll();
                    if (task != null) {
                        task.run(); // 在这个位置执行注册
                    }
                    Iterator<SelectionKey> iterator = selector.selectedKeys().iterator();

                    while (iterator.hasNext()) {
                        SelectionKey key = iterator.next();
                        iterator.remove();
                        if (key.isReadable()) {
                            ByteBuffer buffer = ByteBuffer.allocate(16);
                            SocketChannel channel = (SocketChannel) key.channel();
                            channel.read(buffer);
                            buffer.flip();
                            System.out.println(Charset.defaultCharset().decode(buffer));
                        }
                    }
                } catch (IOException e) {
                    e.printStackTrace();
                }
            }
        }
    }
}