6-12 二叉搜索树的操作集(30 分)
本题要求实现给定二叉搜索树的5种常用操作。
函数接口定义:
BinTree Insert( BinTree BST, ElementType X );
BinTree Delete( BinTree BST, ElementType X );
Position Find( BinTree BST, ElementType X );
Position FindMin( BinTree BST );
Position FindMax( BinTree BST );
其中BinTree
结构定义如下:
typedef struct TNode *Position;
typedef Position BinTree;
struct TNode{
ElementType Data;
BinTree Left;
BinTree Right;
};
- 函数
Insert
将X
插入二叉搜索树BST
并返回结果树的根结点指针; - 函数
Delete
将X
从二叉搜索树BST
中删除,并返回结果树的根结点指针;如果X
不在树中,则打印一行Not Found
并返回原树的根结点指针; - 函数
Find
在二叉搜索树BST
中找到X
,返回该结点的指针;如果找不到则返回空指针; - 函数
FindMin
返回二叉搜索树BST
中最小元结点的指针; - 函数
FindMax
返回二叉搜索树BST
中最大元结点的指针。
裁判测试程序样例:
#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
typedef int ElementType;
typedef struct TNode *Position;
typedef Position BinTree;
struct TNode{
ElementType Data;
BinTree Left;
BinTree Right;
};
void PreorderTraversal( BinTree BT ); /* 先序遍历,由裁判实现,细节不表 */
void InorderTraversal( BinTree BT ); /* 中序遍历,由裁判实现,细节不表 */
BinTree Insert( BinTree BST, ElementType X );
BinTree Delete( BinTree BST, ElementType X );
Position Find( BinTree BST, ElementType X );
Position FindMin( BinTree BST );
Position FindMax( BinTree BST );
int main()
{
BinTree BST, MinP, MaxP, Tmp;
ElementType X;
int N, i;
BST = NULL;
scanf("%d", &N);
for ( i=0; i<N; i++ ) {
scanf("%d", &X);
BST = Insert(BST, X);
}
printf("Preorder:"); PreorderTraversal(BST); printf("\n");
MinP = FindMin(BST);
MaxP = FindMax(BST);
scanf("%d", &N);
for( i=0; i<N; i++ ) {
scanf("%d", &X);
Tmp = Find(BST, X);
if (Tmp == NULL) printf("%d is not found\n", X);
else {
printf("%d is found\n", Tmp->Data);
if (Tmp==MinP) printf("%d is the smallest key\n", Tmp->Data);
if (Tmp==MaxP) printf("%d is the largest key\n", Tmp->Data);
}
}
scanf("%d", &N);
for( i=0; i<N; i++ ) {
scanf("%d", &X);
BST = Delete(BST, X);
}
printf("Inorder:"); InorderTraversal(BST); printf("\n");
return 0;
}
/* 你的代码将被嵌在这里 */
输入样例:
10
5 8 6 2 4 1 0 10 9 7
5
6 3 10 0 5
5
5 7 0 10 3
输出样例:
Preorder: 5 2 1 0 4 8 6 7 10 9
6 is found
3 is not found
10 is found
10 is the largest key
0 is found
0 is the smallest key
5 is found
Not Found
Inorder: 1 2 4 6 8 9
解答:
BinTree Insert( BinTree BST, ElementType X )
{
if(BST==NULL)
{
BST=(BinTree)malloc(sizeof(struct TNode));
BST->Data=X;
BST->Left=NULL;
BST->Right=NULL;
}
else
{
if(BST->Data>X)
BST->Left=Insert(BST->Left,X);
else if(BST->Data<X)
BST->Right=Insert(BST->Right,X);
}
return BST;
}
BinTree Delete( BinTree BST, ElementType X )
{
if(BST)
{
if(BST->Data>X)
BST->Left=Delete(BST->Left,X);
else if(BST->Data<X)
BST->Right=Delete(BST->Right,X);
else
{
if(BST->Left&&BST->Right)
{
BinTree p=FindMin(BST->Right);
BST->Data=p->Data;
BST->Right=Delete(BST->Right,BST->Data);
}
else
{
BinTree p=BST;
if(BST->Left)
BST=BST->Left;
else if(BST->Right)
BST=BST->Right;
else BST=NULL;
free(p);
}
return BST;
}
}
else printf("Not Found\n");
return BST;
}
Position Find( BinTree BST, ElementType X )
{
if(BST==NULL||BST->Data==X)
return BST;
else if(BST->Data>X)
return Find(BST->Left,X);
else if(BST->Data<X)
return Find(BST->Right,X);
}
Position FindMin( BinTree BST )
{
if(!BST)
return NULL;
else
{
BinTree p=BST;
while(p->Left)
p=p->Left;
return p;
}
}
Position FindMax( BinTree BST )
{
if(!BST)
return NULL;
else
{
BinTree p=BST;
while(p->Right)
p=p->Right;
return p;
}
}
作者: 陈越
单位: 浙江大学
时间限制: 400ms
内存限制: 64MB
代码长度