EMGU.CV入门（十、图像梯度）

一、梯度

通常用来检测边缘，边缘梯度变化较大。

二、代码

 // 1. 加载原图
var image1 = new Image<Bgr, byte>("bird1.png");
var image0 = image1.Mat.Clone();
PreviewImage1 = new WriteableBitmap(Bitmap2BitmapImage(Text(image1.Bitmap, "原图")));

// 2. 转为灰度（当然也可以直接读取为灰度）
Mat image2 = new Mat();
CvInvoke.CvtColor(image0.Clone(),image2,ColorConversion.Bgr2Gray);
PreviewImage2 = new WriteableBitmap(Bitmap2BitmapImage(Text(image2.Bitmap, "灰度")));

// 3. 自动阈值
Mat image3 = new Mat();
CvInvoke.Threshold(image2, image3, 0, 255, ThresholdType.Otsu);
PreviewImage3 = new WriteableBitmap(Bitmap2BitmapImage(Text(image3.Bitmap, "Otsu阈值")));

// 4. 横向梯度（x方向）
Mat image4 = new Mat();
CvInvoke.Sobel(image3.Clone(), image4, DepthType.Cv64F, 1, 0, 3);
PreviewImage4 = new WriteableBitmap(Bitmap2BitmapImage(Text2(image4.Bitmap, "x方向梯度")));

// 5. 将小于0的部分取绝对值
CvInvoke.ConvertScaleAbs(image4,image4,1.0,0);
PreviewImage5 = new WriteableBitmap(Bitmap2BitmapImage(Text2(image4.Bitmap, "x方向梯度 取绝对值")));

// 6. 纵向梯度（y方向）
Mat image6 = new Mat();
CvInvoke.Sobel(image3.Clone(), image6, DepthType.Cv64F, 0, 1, 3);
PreviewImage6 = new WriteableBitmap(Bitmap2BitmapImage(Text2(image6.Bitmap, "y方向梯度")));

// 7. 将小于0的部分取绝对值
CvInvoke.ConvertScaleAbs(image6, image6, 1.0, 0);
PreviewImage7 = new WriteableBitmap(Bitmap2BitmapImage(Text2(image6.Bitmap, "y方向梯度 取绝对值")));

// 8. 同时计算x,y方向梯度
Mat image8 = new Mat();
CvInvoke.Sobel(image3.Clone(), image8, DepthType.Cv64F, 1, 1, 3);
CvInvoke.ConvertScaleAbs(image8, image8, 1.0, 0);
PreviewImage8 = new WriteableBitmap(Bitmap2BitmapImage(Text2(image8.Bitmap, "同时计算x,y方向梯度")));

// 9. 先分别计算，再合起来
var image9 = new Mat();
CvInvoke.AddWeighted(image4,0.5,image6,0.5,0,image9);
CvInvoke.ConvertScaleAbs(image8, image8, 1.0, 0);
PreviewImage9 = new WriteableBitmap(Bitmap2BitmapImage(Text2(image9.Bitmap, "分别计算x,y方向梯度")));

EMGU.CV 自带的函数显示中文会乱码，所以自己写了两个：

private Bitmap Text(Bitmap img,string str) {
	Bitmap bmp = new Bitmap(img.Width, img.Height, 	System.Drawing.Imaging.PixelFormat.Format32bppArgb);
	using (Graphics g = Graphics.FromImage(bmp))
	{
	g.InterpolationMode = System.Drawing.Drawing2D.InterpolationMode.HighQualityBicubic;
	g.SmoothingMode = System.Drawing.Drawing2D.SmoothingMode.HighQuality;
	g.CompositingQuality = System.Drawing.Drawing2D.CompositingQuality.HighQuality;
	g.DrawImage(img, 0, 0, bmp.Width, bmp.Height);
	g.DrawString(str, new Font("Verdana", 50), new SolidBrush(Color.Black), new PointF(100, 0));
	}
	return bmp;
}
private Bitmap Text2(Bitmap img, string str)
{
	Bitmap bmp = new Bitmap(img.Width, img.Height, System.Drawing.Imaging.PixelFormat.Format32bppArgb);
	using (Graphics g = Graphics.FromImage(bmp))
	{
	g.InterpolationMode = System.Drawing.Drawing2D.InterpolationMode.HighQualityBicubic;
	g.SmoothingMode = System.Drawing.Drawing2D.SmoothingMode.HighQuality;
	g.CompositingQuality = System.Drawing.Drawing2D.CompositingQuality.HighQuality;
	g.DrawImage(img, 0, 0, bmp.Width, bmp.Height);
	g.DrawString(str, new Font("Verdana", 50), new SolidBrush(Color.White), new PointF(100, 0));
	}
	return bmp;
}