紫书第三章





例题3-1

import java.util.Scanner;

import org.omg.Messaging.SyncScopeHelper;

public class Main {

	public static void main(String[] args) {
		Scanner cin = new Scanner(System.in);
		int count=0;
		while (cin.hasNext()){
			String str;
			str=cin.nextLine();
			char[] s = str.toCharArray();
			for (int i=0;i<str.length();i++){
				 if (s[i]=='"') {
					 if (count%2==0) System.out.printf("``");
					 else System.out.print("''");
					 count++;
				 }
				 else System.out.print(s[i]);
			}
			System.out.println();
		}

	}

}




例题3-2

#include <bits/stdc++.h>
#define gcd(a,b) __gcd(a,b)
#define mset(a,x) memset(a,x,sizeof(a))
#define FIN     freopen("input","r",stdin)
#define FOUT    freopen("output","w",stdout)
const int INF=0x3f3f3f3f;
const double PI=acos(-1.0);
const int MAX=1e5+10;
typedef long long LL;
const LL mod=1e9+7;
using namespace std;
char ss[100]={"`1234567890-=QWERTYUIOP[]\ASDFGHJKL;'ZXCVBNM,./"};
int main (){
    int n=strlen(ss);
    string str;
    while (getline(cin,str)){
        for (int i=0;i<str.size();i++){
            if (str[i]==' '){
                printf (" ");continue;
            }
            for (int j=0;j<n;j++){
                if (ss[j]==str[i]){
                    printf ("%c",ss[j-1]);
                    break;
                }
            }
        }
        putchar('\n');
    }
    return 0;
}





例题3-3

#include <iostream>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <stdio.h>
#include <string.h>
#include <math.h>
#include <vector>
#include <stack>
#include <queue>
#include <map>
#include <set>
#include<list>
#include <bitset>
#include <climits>
#include <algorithm>
#define gcd(a,b) __gcd(a,b)
#define FIN     freopen("input","r",stdin)
#define FOUT    freopen("output","w",stdout)
typedef long long LL;
const LL mod=1e9+7;
const int INF=0x3f3f3f3f;
const double PI=acos(-1.0);
using namespace std;
char str1[100]="A   3  HIL JM O   2TUVWXY5";
char str2[100]="1SE Z  8 ";
char str[1005];
int main (){
    //FIN;
    while (scanf("%s",str)!=EOF){
        int flag1=0,flag2=0;
        int n=strlen(str);
        for (int i=0,j=n-1;i<=j;i++,j--){
            if (str[i]!=str[j]) flag1=1;
            if(str[i]>='A'&&str[i]<='Z'&&(str1[str[i]-'A']!=str[j]||str1[str[i]-'A']==' ')) flag2=1;
            else  if(str[i]>='1'&&str[i]<='9'&&(str2[str[i]-'1']!=str[j]||str2[str[i]-'1']==' ')) flag2=1;
        }
        if (flag1&&flag2) printf ("%s -- is not a palindrome.\n\n",str);
        else if (!flag1&&!flag2) printf ("%s -- is a mirrored palindrome.\n\n",str);
        else if (!flag1&&flag2) printf ("%s -- is a regular palindrome.\n\n",str);
        else if (flag1&&!flag2) printf ("%s -- is a mirrored string.\n\n",str);
    }
    return 0;
}




例题3-4

#include <iostream>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <stdio.h>
#include <string.h>
#include <math.h>
#include <vector>
#include <stack>
#include <queue>
#include <map>
#include <set>
#include<list>
#include <bitset>
#include <climits>
#include <algorithm>
#define mset(a,x) memset(a,x,sizeof(a))
#define gcd(a,b) __gcd(a,b)
#define FIN     freopen("input","r",stdin)
#define FOUT    freopen("output","w",stdout)
typedef long long LL;
const LL mod=1e9+7;
const int INF=0x3f3f3f3f;
const double PI=acos(-1.0);
using namespace std;
int a[1005];
int temp[1005];
int count0[20];
int countt[20];
int main (){
    int n;
    int cc=1;
    //FIN;
    while (scanf ("%d",&n)&&n){
        mset(countt,0);
        for (int i=0;i<n;i++) scanf ("%d",&a[i]),countt[a[i]]++;
        printf ("Game %d:\n",cc++);
        while (1){
            for (int i=1;i<=9;i++) count0[i]=countt[i];
            for (int i=0;i<n;i++) scanf ("%d",&temp[i]);
            if (temp[0]==0) break;
            int c1=0,c2=0;
            for (int i=0;i<n;i++)
                if (a[i]==temp[i]) c1++,count0[a[i]]--,temp[i]=0;
            for (int i=0;i<n;i++)
                if (count0[temp[i]]>0) c2++,count0[temp[i]]--;
            printf ("    (%d,%d)\n",c1,c2);
        }

    }
    return 0;
}




例题3-5

#include <iostream>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <stdio.h>
#include <string.h>
#include <math.h>
#include <vector>
#include <stack>
#include <queue>
#include <map>
#include <set>
#include<list>
#include <bitset>
#include <climits>
#include <algorithm>
#define mset(a,x) memset(a,x,sizeof(a))
#define gcd(a,b) __gcd(a,b)
#define FIN     freopen("input","r",stdin)
#define FOUT    freopen("output","w",stdout)
typedef long long LL;
const LL mod=1e9+7;
const int INF=0x3f3f3f3f;
const double PI=acos(-1.0);
using namespace std;
int main (){
    int t;
    scanf ("%d",&t);
    while(t--){
        int n;
        scanf ("%d",&n);
        int flag=1;
        for (int i=n-100;i<n;i++){
            int temp=i;
            int tt=i;
            while (tt){
                temp+=tt%10;
                tt/=10;
            }
            if (temp==n){
                printf ("%d\n",i);
                flag=0;
                break;
            }
        }
        if (flag) printf ("0\n");
    }
    return 0;
}




例题3-6

#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <iostream>
#include <string.h>
using namespace std;
int main (){
	int t;
	//freopen("data.txt","r",stdin);
	scanf ("%d",&t);
	while (t--){
		char str[105];
		scanf("%s",str);
		int n=strlen(str);
		char minn='a';
		char temp[105];
		int index;
		for (int i=0;i<n;i++){
			if (minn>str[i]){
				minn=str[i];
				index=i;
			}
		}
		for (int i=0;i<n;i++) temp[i]=str[(i+index)%n];
		for (int i=0;i<n;i++){
			if (str[i]==minn){
				int flag=0;
				for (int k=0;k<n;k++){
					if (str[(i+k)%n]<temp[k]){
						flag=1;break;
					}
					else if (str[(i+k)%n]>temp[k]) break;
				}
				if(flag)
					for (int k=0;k<n;k++) temp[k]=str[(i+k)%n];
			}
		}
		for (int i=0;i<n;i++) printf ("%c",temp[i]);
		putchar('\n');
	}
	return 0;
}





习题3-1

#include <iostream>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <stdio.h>
#include <string.h>
#include <math.h>
#include <vector>
#include <stack>
#include <queue>
#include <map>
#include <set>
#include<list>
#include <bitset>
#include <climits>
#include <algorithm>
#define mset(a,x) memset(a,x,sizeof(a))
#define gcd(a,b) __gcd(a,b)
#define FIN     freopen("input","r",stdin)
#define FOUT    freopen("output","w",stdout)
typedef long long LL;
const LL mod=1e9+7;
const int INF=0x3f3f3f3f;
const double PI=acos(-1.0);
using namespace std;
int main (){
    int t;
    scanf ("%d",&t);
    while (t--){
        char str[100];
        scanf ("%s",str);
        int count0=0;
        int sum=0;
        for (int i=0;i<strlen(str);i++){
            if (str[i]=='O') count0++,sum+=count0;
            else count0=0;
        }
        printf ("%d\n",sum);
    }
    return 0;
}





习题3-2

#include <iostream>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <stdio.h>
#include <string.h>
#include <math.h>
#include <vector>
#include <stack>
#include <queue>
#include <map>
#include <set>
#include<list>
#include <bitset>
#include <climits>
#include <algorithm>
#define mset(a,x) memset(a,x,sizeof(a))
#define gcd(a,b) __gcd(a,b)
#define FIN     freopen("input","r",stdin)
#define FOUT    freopen("output","w",stdout)
typedef long long LL;
const LL mod=1e9+7;
const int INF=0x3f3f3f3f;
const double PI=acos(-1.0);
using namespace std;
double ss[100];
int main (){
    ss['C']=12.01;ss['H']=1.008;ss['O']=16;ss['N']=14.01;
    int t;
    //FIN;
    scanf ("%d",&t);
    while (t--){
        char str[100];
        scanf ("%s",str);
        int n=strlen(str);
        int i=0;
        double sum=0.0;
        while (i<n){
            if (str[i+1]!='C'&&str[i+1]!='H'&&str[i+1]!='O'&&str[i+1]!='N'&&i+1<n){
                int t1=0;
                double t2=ss[str[i]];
                i++;
                while (str[i]!='C'&&str[i]!='H'&&str[i]!='O'&&str[i]!='N'&&i<n){
                    t1=t1*10+str[i]-'0';i++;
                }
                sum+=t1*t2;
            }
            else sum+=ss[str[i]],i++;
        }
        printf ("%.3lf\n",sum);
    }
    return 0;
}




习题3-3

#include <iostream>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <stdio.h>
#include <string.h>
#include <math.h>
#include <vector>
#include <stack>
#include <queue>
#include <map>
#include <set>
#include<list>
#include <bitset>
#include <climits>
#include <algorithm>
#define mset(a,x) memset(a,x,sizeof(a))
#define gcd(a,b) __gcd(a,b)
#define FIN     freopen("input","r",stdin)
#define FOUT    freopen("output","w",stdout)
typedef long long LL;
const LL mod=1e9+7;
const int INF=0x3f3f3f3f;
const double PI=acos(-1.0);
using namespace std;
char str[100005];
int count0[10];
int main (){
    int t;
    scanf ("%d",&t);
    while (t--){
        int n;
        scanf ("%d",&n);
        mset(count0,0);
        for (int i=1;i<=n;i++){
            int  t=i;
            while (t){
                count0[t%10]++;
                t/=10;
            }
        }
        for (int i=0;i<10;i++){
            if (i) putchar(' ');
            printf ("%d",count0[i]);
        }
        putchar('\n');
    }
    return 0;
}




习题3-4

#include <stdio.h>
#include <string.h>
#include <algorithm>
using namespace std;
int main (){
    int t;
    scanf ("%d",&t);
    int cc=0;
    while (t--){
    	if (cc)putchar('\n');
    	cc++;
        char str[105];
        scanf ("%s",str);
        int n=strlen(str);
        int ff=0;
        for (int i=1;i<=n/2;i++){
            if (n%i==0){
                int step=i;
                int countx=0;
                int flag=0;
                while (1){
                    countx++;
                    int k=countx*step;
                    if (k+step>n)break;
                    for (int j=0;j<step;j++){
                        if (str[j]!=str[j+k])  flag=1;
                    }
                    if (flag) break;
                }
                if (!flag) {
                    printf ("%d\n",step);ff=1;
                    break;
                }
            }
        }
        if (!ff) printf ("%d\n",n);
    }
    return 0;
}





习题3-5

#include <iostream>
#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <string.h>
#include <algorithm>
using namespace std;
int main (){
    int cc=1;
    //freopen("input","r",stdin);
    while(1){
        int x,y;
        string mapx[10];
        for (int i=0;i<5;i++){
            getline(cin,mapx[i]);
            if (mapx[0][0]=='Z'&&mapx[i].size()==1) goto FF;
            for(int j=0;j<5;j++){
                if (mapx[i][j]==' ') {
                    x=i;
                    y=j;
                }
            }
        }
        if(cc!=1) putchar('\n');
        printf ("Puzzle #%d:\n",cc++);
        int flag=0;
        while (1){
            char ch=getchar();
            if (ch=='\n') continue;
            if (ch=='0') break;
            if (ch=='L'&&!flag){
                int ty=y-1;
                if (ty<0){
                    flag=1;continue;
                }
                swap(mapx[x][y],mapx[x][ty]);
                y=ty;
            }
            else if (ch=='R'&&!flag){
                int ty=y+1;
                if (ty>=5){
                    flag=1;continue;
                }
                swap(mapx[x][y],mapx[x][ty]);
                y=ty;
            }
            else if (ch=='A'&&!flag){
                int tx=x-1;
                if (tx<0){
                    flag=1;continue;
                }
                swap(mapx[tx][y],mapx[x][y]);
                x=tx;
            }
            else if(ch=='B'&&!flag){
                int tx=x+1;
                if (tx>=5){
                    flag=1;continue;
                }
                swap(mapx[tx][y],mapx[x][y]);
                x=tx;
            }
            else flag=1;
        }
        getchar();
        if (!flag){
            for (int i=0;i<5;i++){
                for (int j=0;j<5;j++){
                    if (j) putchar(' ');
                    cout<<mapx[i][j];
                }
                putchar('\n');
            }
        }
        else printf ("This puzzle has no final configuration.\n");
    }
    FF :;
    return 0;
}





习题3-6

#include <bits/stdc++.h>
#define gcd(a,b) __gcd(a,b)
#define mset(a,x) memset(a,x,sizeof(a))
#define FIN     freopen("input","r",stdin)
#define FOUT    freopen("output","w",stdout)
const int INF=0x3f3f3f3f;
const double PI=acos(-1.0);
const int MAX=1e5+10;
typedef long long LL;
const LL mod=1e9+7;
using namespace std;
char str[50][50];
int vis[50][50];
int main (){
    int n,m;
    int cc=1;
    //FIN;
    while (scanf ("%d%d",&n,&m)&&n){
        mset(vis,0);
        if (cc!=1) putchar('\n');
        printf ("puzzle #%d:\n",cc++);
        for (int i=0;i<n;i++) scanf ("%s",str[i]);
        printf ("Across\n");
        int sum=0;
        for (int i=0;i<n;i++){
            for (int j=0;j<m;j++){
                if (str[i][j]!='*'){
                    if (i-1<0||str[i-1][j]=='*'||j-1<0||str[i][j-1]=='*'){
                        int k;sum++;
                        vis[i][j]=sum;
                        printf ("%3d.",sum);
                        for (k=j;k<m;k++){
                            if (str[i][k]!='*')
                                printf ("%c",str[i][k]);
                            else break;
                            if (i-1<0||str[i-1][k]=='*'||k-1<0||str[i][k-1]=='*') sum++,vis[i][k]=sum-1;
                        }
                        sum--;
                        putchar('\n');
                        j=k;
                    }
                }
            }
        }
        printf ("Down\n");
        sum=0;
        for (int i=0;i<n;i++){
            for (int j=0;j<m;j++){
                if (str[i][j]!='*'){
                    if (i-1<0||str[i-1][j]=='*'||j-1<0||str[i][j-1]=='*'){
                        int k;
                        printf ("%3d.",vis[i][j]);
                        for (k=i;k<n;k++){
                            if (str[k][j]!='*'){
                                printf ("%c",str[k][j]);
                                str[k][j]='*';
                            }

                            else break;
                        }
                        putchar('\n');
                    }
                }
            }
        }
    }
    return 0;
}




习题3-7

#include <bits/stdc++.h>
#define gcd(a,b) __gcd(a,b)
#define mset(a,x) memset(a,x,sizeof(a))
#define FIN     freopen("input","r",stdin)
#define FOUT    freopen("output","w",stdout)
const int INF=0x3f3f3f3f;
const double PI=acos(-1.0);
const int MAX=1e5+10;
typedef long long LL;
const LL mod=1e9+7;
using namespace std;
char str[55][1005];
int main (){
    int t;
    scanf ("%d",&t);
    while (t--){
        int n,m;
        scanf ("%d%d",&m,&n);
        for (int i=0;i<m;i++) scanf ("%s",str[i]);
        char temp[1005];
        int sum=0;
        for (int i=0;i<n;i++){
            int s[10];
            mset(s,0);
            for (int j=0;j<m;j++){
                if (str[j][i]=='A'){
                    s[0]++;
                }
                else if (str[j][i]=='C'){
                    s[1]++;
                }
                else if (str[j][i]=='G'){
                    s[2]++;
                }
                else if (str[j][i]=='T'){
                    s[3]++;
                }
            }
            int maxn=0;
            int index=0;
            for (int k=0;k<4;k++){
                if (maxn<s[k]){
                    maxn=s[k];
                    index=k;
                }
            }
            if (index==0) temp[i]='A';
            else if (index==1) temp[i]='C';
            else if (index==2) temp[i]='G';
            else if (index==3) temp[i]='T';
            sum+=m-maxn;

        }
        for (int i=0;i<n;i++) printf("%c",temp[i]);
        putchar('\n');
        printf ("%d\n",sum);
    }
    return 0;
}




习题3-8

#include <bits/stdc++.h>
#define gcd(a,b) __gcd(a,b)
#define mset(a,x) memset(a,x,sizeof(a))
#define FIN     freopen("input","r",stdin)
#define FOUT    freopen("output","w",stdout)
const int INF=0x3f3f3f3f;
const double PI=acos(-1.0);
const int MAX=1e5+10;
typedef long long LL;
const LL mod=1e9+7;
using namespace std;
char str[55][1005];
int main (){
    int t;
    scanf ("%d",&t);
    while (t--){
        int n,m;
        scanf ("%d%d",&m,&n);
        for (int i=0;i<m;i++) scanf ("%s",str[i]);
        char temp[1005];
        int sum=0;
        for (int i=0;i<n;i++){
            int s[10];
            mset(s,0);
            for (int j=0;j<m;j++){
                if (str[j][i]=='A'){
                    s[0]++;
                }
                else if (str[j][i]=='C'){
                    s[1]++;
                }
                else if (str[j][i]=='G'){
                    s[2]++;
                }
                else if (str[j][i]=='T'){
                    s[3]++;
                }
            }
            int maxn=0;
            int index=0;
            for (int k=0;k<4;k++){
                if (maxn<s[k]){
                    maxn=s[k];
                    index=k;
                }
            }
            if (index==0) temp[i]='A';
            else if (index==1) temp[i]='C';
            else if (index==2) temp[i]='G';
            else if (index==3) temp[i]='T';
            sum+=m-maxn;

        }
        for (int i=0;i<n;i++) printf("%c",temp[i]);
        putchar('\n');
        printf ("%d\n",sum);
    }
    return 0;
}





习题3-9
#include <stdio.h>
#include <string.h>
#include <algorithm>
using namespace std;
char str1[500005];
char str2[500005];
int main (){
    while (scanf ("%s %s",str1,str2)!=EOF){
        int n=strlen(str1);
        int m=strlen(str2);
        int k=0;
        int sum=0;
        for (int i=0;i<n;i++){
            while (k<m){
                if (str2[k]!=str1[i])k++;
                else {
                    sum++;k++;break;
                }
            }
        }
        if (sum==n){
            printf ("Yes\n");
        }
        else printf ("No\n");
    }
    return 0;
}





习题3-10

#include <bits/stdc++.h>
#define gcd(a,b) __gcd(a,b)
#define mset(a,x) memset(a,x,sizeof(a))
#define FIN     freopen("input","r",stdin)
#define FOUT    freopen("output","w",stdout)
const int INF=0x3f3f3f3f;
const double PI=acos(-1.0);
const int MAX=1e5+10;
typedef long long LL;
const LL mod=1e9+7;
using namespace std;
struct node{
    int l,r;
}a[10];
int cmp(node x,node y){
    if (x.l==y.l) return x.r<y.r;
    return x.l<y.l;
}
int main (){
    while (1){
        for (int i=0;i<6;i++){
            if (scanf ("%d%d",&a[i].l,&a[i].r)==EOF) goto FF;
            if (a[i].l>a[i].r) swap(a[i].l,a[i].r);
        }
        sort(a,a+6,cmp);
        if (a[0].l!=a[1].l||a[0].r!=a[1].r||a[2].l!=a[3].l||a[2].r!=a[3].r||a[4].l!=a[5].l||a[4].r!=a[5].r){
            printf ("IMPOSSIBLE\n");continue;
        }
        if (a[0].l==a[2].l&&((a[0].r==a[4].r&&a[2].r==a[4].l)||(a[0].r==a[4].l&&a[2].r==a[4].r)))
            printf ("POSSIBLE\n");
        else if (a[0].r==a[2].r&&((a[0].l==a[4].r&&a[2].l==a[4].l)||(a[0].l==a[4].l&&a[2].l==a[4].r)))
            printf ("POSSIBLE\n");
        else if (a[0].r==a[2].l&&((a[0].l==a[4].r&&a[2].r==a[4].l)||(a[0].l==a[4].l&&a[2].r==a[4].r)))
            printf ("POSSIBLE\n");
        else if(a[0].l==a[2].r&&((a[0].r==a[4].r&&a[2].l==a[4].l)||(a[0].r==a[4].l&&a[2].l==a[4].r)))
            printf ("POSSIBLE\n");
        else printf ("IMPOSSIBLE\n");
    }
    FF: ;
    return 0;
}





习题3-11
#include <bits/stdc++.h>
#define gcd(a,b) __gcd(a,b)
#define mset(a,x) memset(a,x,sizeof(a))
#define FIN     freopen("input","r",stdin)
#define FOUT    freopen("output","w",stdout)
const int INF=0x3f3f3f3f;
const double PI=acos(-1.0);
const int MAX=1e5+10;
typedef long long LL;
const LL mod=1e9+7;
using namespace std;
char str1[605];
char str2[605];
int main (){
    while(scanf ("%s%s",str1+200,str2)!=EOF){
            int len1=strlen(str1+200);
            int len2=strlen(str2);
            for (int i=0;i<200;i++) str1[i]='1';
            for (int j=len1+200;j<600;j++) str1[j]='1';
            int start=200-len2;
            int end=200+len1;
            int minn=INF;
            for (int i=start;i<end;i++){
                int flag=0;
                for (int j=0;j<len2;j++){
                    if (str2[j]=='2'&&str1[i+j]=='2'){
                        flag=1;break;
                    }
                }
                if (!flag){
                    if (len2+i<=start+len1+len2&&i<=start+len2) minn=min(minn,start+len1+len2-i);
                    else if (len2+i<=start+len1+len2&&i>=start+len2&&i<=start+len1+len2) minn=min(minn,len1);
                    else if (len2+i>=start+len1+len2&&i>=start+len2&&i<=start+len2+len1) minn=min(minn,len2+i-start-len2);
                    else if (len2+i>=start+len1+len2&&i<=start+len2) minn=min(minn,len2);
                }
            }
            printf ("%d\n",minn);
    }
    return 0;
}





习题3-12

#include <stdio.h>
#include <string.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <math.h>
using namespace std;
char str[1005];
void cal(double &temp){
	int n=strlen(str);
	int i=0;
	while (str[i]!='.'){
		temp*=10;
		temp+=(str[i]-'0');
		i++;
	}
	i++;
	int countx=1;
	while (str[i]!='e'){
		temp+=pow(10,-countx)*(str[i]-'0');
		i++;countx++;
	}
	i++;
	temp=log(temp);
	int ttt=0;
	while (i<n){
		ttt*=10;
		ttt+=(str[i]-'0');
		i++;
	}
	temp=temp+log(10)*ttt;
}
int main (){
	//freopen("input.txt","r",stdin);
	while (scanf("%s",str)){
		if (strcmp(str,"0e0")==0) break;
		double temp=0;cal(temp);
		for (int i=0;i<=9;i++){
			for (int j=1;j<=30;j++){
				double tt=0;
				for (int k=0;k<i+1;k++){
					tt+=pow(2,-(k+1)); 
				}
				double tt2=pow(2,j)-1;
				double temp2=log(tt)+tt2*log(2);
				if (fabs(temp-temp2)<1e-5){
					printf ("%d %d\n",i,j); goto FF;
				}
			}
		}
		FF:;
	}
	return 0;
} 


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