一、在Android应用中的XML文件来源
1、本地xml文件
本地XML文件可以放在应用根目录assets文件夹、res/xml、res/raw、SDcard卡、应用的data目录等;
除res/xml可直接通过getXml(int id)获取XML文档,返回一个解析器对象(XmlResourceParer:XmlResourceParer是XmlPullParser的子类),其它位置情况都可以获取XML文档,返回一个Inputstream对象,进行读取数据,获取方法分别如下:
a.在res/xml目录下(推荐使用):
XmlResourceParser xmlParser = this.getResources().getXml(R.xml.XXX);
b.在res/xml、res/raw目录下:
InputStream inputStream = this.getResources().openRawResource(R.xml.XXX); c.在assets文件夹下(本人测试发现通过此方法获取的XML文档不能带有首行:<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>,否则解析报错,具体原因未查明,知道原因请回复交流):
InputStream inputStream = getResources().getAssets().open(fileName);
d.在应用指定目录下(SDcard,应用data目录等):
// path路径根据实际项目修改,此次获取SDcard根目录
- // path路径根据实际项目修改,此次获取SDcard根目录
- String path = Environment.getExternalStorageDirectory().toString();
- File xmlFlie = new File(path+fileName);
- InputStream inputStream = new FileInputStream(xmlFlie);
2、通过url得到的xml文件
很多时候需要解析xml文件都用于客户端与服务器之间的数据交互,比如解析google天气预报信息,或自己项目内定的一些XML数据结构,其中通过URL,使用DefaultHTTPClient get请求获取XML文件方法如下:
- /**
- * 读取url的xml资源 转成String
- * @param url
- * @return 返回 读取url的xml字符串
- */
- public String getStringByUrl(String url) {
- String outputString = "";
- // DefaultHttpClient
- DefaultHttpClient httpclient = new DefaultHttpClient();
- // HttpGet
- HttpGet httpget = new HttpGet(url);
- // ResponseHandler
- ResponseHandler<String> responseHandler = new BasicResponseHandler();
- try {
- outputString = httpclient.execute(httpget, responseHandler);
- outputString = new String(outputString.getBytes("ISO-8859-1"), "utf-8"); // 解决中文乱码
- Log.i("HttpClientConnector", "连接成功");
- } catch (Exception e) {
- Log.i("HttpClientConnector", "连接失败");
- e.printStackTrace();
- }
- httpclient.getConnectionManager().shutdown();
- return outputString;
- }
- try {
- //开始解析事件
- int eventType = parser.getEventType();
- //处理事件,不碰到文档结束就一直处理
- while (eventType != XmlPullParser.END_DOCUMENT) {
- //因为定义了一堆静态常量,所以这里可以用switch
- switch (eventType) {
- case XmlPullParser.START_DOCUMENT:
- // 不做任何操作或初开始化数据
- break;
- case XmlPullParser.START_TAG:
- // 解析XML节点数据
- // 获取当前标签名字
- String tagName = parser.getName();
- if(tagName.equals("XXXTAGXXX")){
- // 通过getAttributeValue 和 netxText解析节点的属性值和节点值
- }
- break;
- case XmlPullParser.END_TAG:
- // 单节点完成,可往集合里边添加新的数据
- break;
- case XmlPullParser.END_DOCUMENT:
- break;
- }
- // 别忘了用next方法处理下一个事件,不然就会死循环
- eventType = parser.next();
- }
- } catch (XmlPullParserException e) {
- e.printStackTrace();
- }catch (IOException e) {
- e.printStackTrace();
- }
- /**
- * 同样删除首行,才能解析成功,
- * @param fileName
- * @return 返回xml文件的inputStream
- */
- public InputStream getInputStreamFromAssets(String fileName){
- try {
- InputStream inputStream = getResources().getAssets().open(fileName);
- return inputStream;
- } catch (IOException e) {
- e.printStackTrace();
- }
- return null;
- }
- /**
- * 读取XML文件,xml文件放到res/xml文件夹中,若XML为本地文件,则推荐该方法
- *
- * @param fileName
- * @return : 读取到res/xml文件夹下的xml文件,返回XmlResourceParser对象(XmlPullParser的子类)
- */
- public XmlResourceParser getXMLFromResXml(String fileName){
- XmlResourceParser xmlParser = null;
- try {
- //*/
- // xmlParser = this.getResources().getAssets().openXmlResourceParser("assets/"+fileName); // 失败,找不到文件
- xmlParser = this.getResources().getXml(R.xml.provinceandcity);
- /*/
- // xml文件在res目录下 也可以用此方法返回inputStream
- InputStream inputStream = this.getResources().openRawResource(R.xml.provinceandcity);
- /*/
- return xmlParser;
- } catch (Exception e) {
- e.printStackTrace();
- }
- return xmlParser;
- }
- /**
- * 读取url的xml资源 转成String
- * @param url
- * @return 返回 读取url的xml字符串
- */
- public String getStringByUrl(String url) {
- String outputString = "";
- // DefaultHttpClient
- DefaultHttpClient httpclient = new DefaultHttpClient();
- // HttpGet
- HttpGet httpget = new HttpGet(url);
- // ResponseHandler
- ResponseHandler<String> responseHandler = new BasicResponseHandler();
- try {
- outputString = httpclient.execute(httpget, responseHandler);
- outputString = new String(outputString.getBytes("ISO-8859-1"), "utf-8"); // 解决中文乱码
- Log.i("HttpClientConnector", "连接成功");
- } catch (Exception e) {
- Log.i("HttpClientConnector", "连接失败");
- e.printStackTrace();
- }
- httpclient.getConnectionManager().shutdown();
- return outputString;
- }
- /**
- * 解析SDcard xml文件
- * @param fileName
- * @return 返回xml文件的inputStream
- */
- public InputStream getInputStreamFromSDcard(String fileName){
- try {
- // 路径根据实际项目修改
- String path = Environment.getExternalStorageDirectory().toString() + "/test_xml/";
- Log.v("", "path : " + path);
- File xmlFlie = new File(path+fileName);
- InputStream inputStream = new FileInputStream(xmlFlie);
- return inputStream;
- } catch (IOException e) {
- e.printStackTrace();
- }
- return null;
- }
b.多线程解析:
- /**
- * 多线程加载网络端的xml,若xml文件过大也需要用该方式加载
- */
- Handler mHandler = new Handler();
- Runnable mRunnable = new Runnable() {
- public void run() {
- if(!isFinishParser){
- mHandler.postDelayed(mRunnable, 1000);
- }else{
- showView.setText(provinceStr);
- mHandler.removeCallbacks(mRunnable);
- }
- }
- };
- /**
- * 比较耗时操作新建一个线程,避免UI线程ANR
- */
- public void parserWhitThread(){
- new Thread(){
- @Override
- public void run() {
- provinceandcityStr = getStringByUrl(provinceAndCityUrl);
- provinceArray = ProvincePullParse.Parse(provinceandcityStr);
- for(Province pro : provinceArray){
- provinceStr += pro.getProvinceId() + " : " +pro.getProvinceName()+"\n";
- }
- isFinishParser = true;
- }
- }.start();
- }
c.从XML文件中解析出城市:
- public static ArrayList<City> ParseXml(XmlPullParser parser){
- ArrayList<City> CityArray = new ArrayList<City>();
- City CityTemp = null;
- int provinceId = 0;
- int cityId;
- String cityName;
- try {
- //开始解析事件
- int eventType = parser.getEventType();
- //处理事件,不碰到文档结束就一直处理
- while (eventType != XmlPullParser.END_DOCUMENT) {
- //因为定义了一堆静态常量,所以这里可以用switch
- switch (eventType) {
- case XmlPullParser.START_DOCUMENT:
- break;
- case XmlPullParser.START_TAG:
- //给当前标签起个名字
- String tagName = parser.getName();
- // Log.d("", "====XmlPullParser.START_TAG=== tagName: " + tagName);
- if(tagName.equals("province")){
- provinceId = Integer.parseInt(parser.getAttributeValue(0));
- }else if(tagName.equals("item")){
- CityTemp = new City();
- }else if(tagName.equals("id")){
- cityId = Integer.parseInt(parser.nextText());
- parser.next();
- cityName = parser.nextText();
- Log.v("", "id getText: "+cityId);
- Log.v("", "name getText: "+cityName);
- Log.e("", "=========================");
- CityTemp.setProvinceId(provinceId);
- CityTemp.setCityId(cityId);
- CityTemp.setCityName(cityName);
- CityArray.add(CityTemp);
- }
- break;
- case XmlPullParser.END_TAG:
- break;
- case XmlPullParser.END_DOCUMENT:
- break;
- }
- //别忘了用next方法处理下一个事件,忘了的结果就成死循环#_#
- eventType = parser.next();
- }
- } catch (XmlPullParserException e) {
- // TODO Auto-generated catch block
- e.printStackTrace();
- }catch (IOException e) {
- // TODO Auto-generated catch block
- e.printStackTrace();
- }
- return CityArray;
- }
源码下载:
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具体下载目录在 /2012年资料/7月/28日/Android解析XML文件/