requests的get类型请求params参数中存在百分号‘%’的解决办法

在使用requests中难免需要对URL进行请求，今天遇到这样一条URL：
http://127.0.0.1/?test=%25test
凭经验，我使用requests.get进行请求，并把参数写入params中：

>>> import requests
>>> url = 'http://127.0.0.1'
>>> params = {
		'test':'%25test'
	}
>>> r = requests.get(url, params = params)
# 使用nc接收请求while true; do echo -e "HTTP/1.1 200 OK\n\n ❤" | nc -l -p 8080 -q 1; done
GET /?test=%2525test HTTP/1.1
Host: 127.0.0.1:8080
User-Agent: python-requests/2.23.0
Accept-Encoding: gzip, deflate
Accept: */*
Connection: keep-alive

可以看到nc输出的url为 /?test=%2525test而非 /?test=%25test
搜索相关资料后发现，URL中的百分号是个特殊字符，用来对需要进行百分号编码的字符的ASCII码进行转义，具体参考维基百科
python的requests库会将params中的百分号进行转义
所以解决办法就是禁止对%进行编码

>>> import requests
>>> from urllib.parse import unquote
>>> url = 'http://127.0.0.1'
>>> params = {
		'test':'%25test'
	}
>>> params['test'] = unquote(params['test'])
>>> r = requests.get(url, params = params)
# 使用nc接收请求while true; do echo -e "HTTP/1.1 200 OK\n\n ❤" | nc -l -p 8080 -q 1; done
GET /?test=%25test HTTP/1.1
Host: 127.0.0.1:8080
User-Agent: python-requests/2.23.0
Accept-Encoding: gzip, deflate
Accept: */*
Connection: keep-alive

注：正常的URL中百分号都是作为转义字符出现，所以如果出现了百分号，只需要把‘%xx’替换为其转义后的字符即可🤦🏼‍♂️

http://127.0.0.1/?test=%25test
>>> url = 'http://127.0.0.1'
>>> params = {
		'test':'%test'
	}

ASCII编码表

+----+-----+----+-----+----+-----+----+-----+
| Hx | Chr | Hx | Chr | Hx | Chr | Hx | Chr |
+----+-----+----+-----+----+-----+----+-----+
| 00 | NUL | 20 | SPC | 40 |  @  | 60 |  `  |
| 01 | SOH | 21 |  !  | 41 |  A  | 61 |  a  |
| 02 | STX | 22 |  "  | 42 |  B  | 62 |  b  |
| 03 | ETX | 23 |  #  | 43 |  C  | 63 |  c  |
| 04 | EOT | 24 |  $  | 44 |  D  | 64 |  d  |
| 05 | ENQ | 25 |  %  | 45 |  E  | 65 |  e  |
| 06 | ACK | 26 |  &  | 46 |  F  | 66 |  f  |
| 07 | BEL | 27 |  '  | 47 |  G  | 67 |  g  |
| 08 | BS  | 28 |  (  | 48 |  H  | 68 |  h  |
| 09 | TAB | 29 |  )  | 49 |  I  | 69 |  i  |
| 0A | LF  | 2A |  *  | 4A |  J  | 6A |  j  |
| 0B | VT  | 2B |  +  | 4B |  K  | 6B |  k  |
| 0C | FF  | 2C |  ,  | 4C |  L  | 6C |  l  |
| 0D | CR  | 2D |  -  | 4D |  M  | 6D |  m  |
| 0E | SO  | 2E |  .  | 4E |  N  | 6E |  n  |
| 0F | SI  | 2F |  /  | 4F |  O  | 6F |  o  |
| 10 | DLE | 30 |  0  | 50 |  P  | 70 |  p  |
| 11 | DC1 | 31 |  1  | 51 |  Q  | 71 |  q  |
| 12 | DC2 | 32 |  2  | 52 |  R  | 72 |  r  |
| 13 | DC3 | 33 |  3  | 53 |  S  | 73 |  s  |
| 14 | DC4 | 34 |  4  | 54 |  T  | 74 |  t  |
| 15 | NAK | 35 |  5  | 55 |  U  | 75 |  u  |
| 16 | SYN | 36 |  6  | 56 |  V  | 76 |  v  |
| 17 | ETB | 37 |  7  | 57 |  W  | 77 |  w  |
| 18 | CAN | 38 |  8  | 58 |  X  | 78 |  x  |
| 19 | EM  | 39 |  9  | 59 |  Y  | 79 |  y  |
| 1A | SUB | 3A |  :  | 5A |  Z  | 7A |  z  |
| 1B | ESC | 3B |  ;  | 5B |  [  | 7B |  {  |
| 1C | FS  | 3C |  <  | 5C |  \  | 7C |  |  |
| 1D | GS  | 3D |  =  | 5D |  ]  | 7D |  }  |
| 1E | RS  | 3E |  >  | 5E |  ^  | 7E |  ~  |
| 1F | US  | 3F |  ?  | 5F |  _  | 7F | DEL |
+----+-----+----+-----+----+-----+----+-----+

参考：
https://stackoverflow.com/a/6182386/7151777
https://stackoverflow.com/a/23471183/7151777