Dubbo+ZooKeeper 微服务开发

MapleWalker974

于 2024-08-28 16:24:50 发布

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分类专栏：分布式系统实战文章标签： dubbo spring cloud

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Dubbo+ZooKeeper 微服务开发

1. 准备

相关框架的版本，版本号推荐按下表配置,否则会出现dubbo和zk通信协议报错等各种异常情况

name	version	类型
Zookeeper	3.9.2	软件
Dubbo-Admin	20240824	软件
spring-boot	3.3.2	依赖库
spring-cloud	2023.0.3	依赖库
spring-cloud-alibaba	2023.0.1.2	依赖库
dubbo-spring-boot-starter	3.3.0-beta.2	依赖库
cubator-framework	5.7.0	依赖库
cubator-recipes	5.7.0	依赖库
curator-x-discovery-server	5.7.0	依赖库

1.1 Zookeeper搭建

本案例中Zookeeper仅作为服务发现组件使用,此处只部署单机zk

基于Docker部署ZK服务

docker run -itd --name zk_server1 --network zk_net -p 2181:2181 -p 2888:2888 -p 3888:3888 zookeeper

1.2 Dubbo-Admin搭建

Dubbo-Admin是一个基于Zookeeper的服务监控项目，主要用于实时查看微服务的注册状态

在Github上下载dubbo-admin项目
启动dubbo-admin server服务
- CMD下进入dubbo-admin根目录，执行mvn clean package生成各模块的jar包
- 打包成功后进入dubbo-admin-distribution/target目录，运行dubbo-admin-x.x.x-SNAPSHOT.jar
启动dubbo-admin-ui服务
- 执行npm install
- 执行npm run serve
- 成功后访问 npm run serve打印的访问地址信息
至此,dubbo-admin启动成功，如下图

1.3 基于Dubbo开发可通信的Order/User微服务

1.3.1 common-interface 公共接口模块开发

Dubbo推荐将RPC调用的接口统一放在一个interface模块以供服务提供者和服务消费者使用

common-interface模块 pom配置

	<properties>
        <java.version>1.8</java.version>
        <project.build.sourceEncoding>UTF-8</project.build.sourceEncoding>
        <project.reporting.outputEncoding>UTF-8</project.reporting.outputEncoding>
    </properties>
    <dependencies>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>com.skymaple</groupId>
            <artifactId>dsd-common</artifactId>
            <version>${project.parent.version}</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-test</artifactId>
            <scope>test</scope>
        </dependency>
    </dependencies>

RPC接口定义

public interface UserService {
    //该接口用于获取用户的发货地址信息，Address是实现了序列化接口的数据实体类
    public List<Address> getUserAddress();
}

1.3.2 User微服务开发（服务提供者）

该服务主要用于被Order服务调用

user-service模块 pom配置

	<properties>
        <java.version>1.8</java.version>
        <project.build.sourceEncoding>UTF-8</project.build.sourceEncoding>
        <project.reporting.outputEncoding>UTF-8</project.reporting.outputEncoding>
    </properties>
    <dependencies>
        <!-- dubbo -->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.apache.dubbo</groupId>
            <artifactId>dubbo-spring-boot-starter</artifactId>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>com.skymaple</groupId>
            <artifactId>dsd-interface</artifactId>
            <version>${project.parent.version}</version>
        </dependency>
        <!-- spring starter -->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter</artifactId>
            <exclusions>
                <exclusion>
                    <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
                    <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-logging</artifactId>
                </exclusion>
            </exclusions>
        </dependency>
        <!-- registry dependency -->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.apache.curator</groupId>
            <artifactId>curator-framework</artifactId>
            <version>5.7.0</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.apache.curator</groupId>
            <artifactId>curator-recipes</artifactId>
            <version>5.7.0</version>
        </dependency>
        <!-- https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/org.apache.curator/curator-x-discovery-server -->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.apache.curator</groupId>
            <artifactId>curator-x-discovery-server</artifactId>
            <version>5.7.0</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-test</artifactId>
            <scope>test</scope>
        </dependency>
    </dependencies>

    <build>
        <plugins>
            <plugin>
                <groupId>org.apache.maven.plugins</groupId>
                <artifactId>maven-compiler-plugin</artifactId>
                <version>${maven-compiler-plugin.version}</version>
            </plugin>
            <plugin>
                <groupId>org.apache.maven.plugins</groupId>
                <artifactId>maven-surefire-plugin</artifactId>
                <version>2.21.0</version>
            </plugin>
        </plugins>
    </build>

服务配置：application.yml

dubbo:
  application:
      name: dubbo-springboot-user-provider
      logger: slf4j
  protocol:
    port: 50055
    # 此处的协议使用dubbo，也可使用triple协议-tri
    name: dubbo
  registry:
    address: zookeeper://127.0.0.1:2181
#    address: nacos://${nacos.address:localhost}:8848?username=nacos&password=nacos
server:
  port: 10000

user服务提供者实现

//DubboService注解能将该service注册到application.yml指定的服务注册中心registry中，以便消费者查询服务注册中心并调用
@DubboService(group = "grp1",version = "1.0")
public class UserServiceImpl implements UserService {
    @Override
    public List<Address> getUserAddress() {
        Address zs = new Address(1,"zhhangsan","test");
        Address ls = new Address(2,"lisi","test");
        List<Address> list = Arrays.asList(zs, ls);
        System.out.println("call user service getUserAddress success:"+list.toString());
        return list;
    }
}

//在User服务的程序入口添加@EnableDubbo启动Dubbo功能
@EnableDubbo
@SpringBootApplication
public class UserServiceApplication {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        SpringApplication.run(UserServiceApplication.class, args);
    }
}

1.3.3 Order微服务开发（服务消费者）

该服务主要用于查询服务注册中心中的服务提供者并调用@DubboReference标记的接口

order-service模块 pom配置

	<properties>
        <java.version>1.8</java.version>
        <project.build.sourceEncoding>UTF-8</project.build.sourceEncoding>
        <project.reporting.outputEncoding>UTF-8</project.reporting.outputEncoding>
    </properties>
    <dependencies>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId>
        </dependency>
        <!-- dubbo -->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.apache.dubbo</groupId>
            <artifactId>dubbo-spring-boot-starter</artifactId>
        </dependency>

        <dependency>
            <groupId>com.skymaple</groupId>
            <artifactId>dsd-interface</artifactId>
            <version>${project.parent.version}</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.apache.curator</groupId>
            <artifactId>curator-framework</artifactId>
            <version>5.7.0</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.apache.curator</groupId>
            <artifactId>curator-recipes</artifactId>
            <version>5.7.0</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.apache.curator</groupId>
            <artifactId>curator-x-discovery-server</artifactId>
            <version>5.7.0</version>
        </dependency>

        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-test</artifactId>
            <scope>test</scope>
        </dependency>
    </dependencies>

    <build>
        <plugins>
            <plugin>
                <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
                <artifactId>spring-boot-maven-plugin</artifactId>
            </plugin>
        </plugins>
    </build>

服务配置：application.yml

server:
  port: 10001
dubbo:
  application:
    name: dubbo-springboot-order-consumer
    logger: slf4j
    qos-port: 33333
  registry:
    address: zookeeper://127.0.0.1:2181
#    address: nacos://${nacos.address:localhost}:8848?username=nacos&password=nacos

order服务消费者实现

@RestController
public class ComsumerController {
    //DubboReference注解能从服务注册中心registry中查询到相应的服务提供者接口并注入本地bean
    @DubboReference(group = "grp1",version = "1.0",check = false)
    private UserService userServiceV1;

    @GetMapping("/useraddr")
    @ResponseBody
    public String getUserAddress(){
        return userServiceV1.getUserAddress().toString();
    }
}

//在Order服务的程序入口添加@EnableDubbo启动Dubbo功能
@EnableDubbo
@SpringBootApplication(exclude = {DataSourceAutoConfiguration.class})
public class OrderServiceApplication {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        SpringApplication.run(OrderServiceApplication.class, args);
    }
}

----- 至此，基于Dubbo的微服务基础开发工作已经完成-----

FAQ

dubbo 消费者启动报错：no class found xxx/protobuf
- 解决：protobuf缺失—pom中加上protobuf的依赖
Failed to deserialize triple response, service=org.apache.dubbo.remoting.transport.netty4.NettyConnectionClient ,This may be caused by , go to https://dubbo.apache.org/faq/4/14 to find instructions
- 解决：根据dubbo官方推荐的ZK依赖版本、ZK服务版本进行开发和部署