一、Filter
过滤器,用来过滤网站的数据;
- 处理中文乱码
- 登录验证…
1.1、没有过滤器的情况
编写一个Servlet:
package com.massimo.filter;
import javax.servlet.ServletException;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;
import java.io.IOException;
public class ShowServlet extends HttpServlet {
@Override
protected void doGet(HttpServletRequest req, HttpServletResponse resp) throws ServletException, IOException {
resp.getWriter().write("你好,马西莫!");
}
@Override
protected void doPost(HttpServletRequest req, HttpServletResponse resp) throws ServletException, IOException {
doGet(req, resp);
}
}
注册Servlet:
<servlet>
<servlet-name>showServlet</servlet-name>
<servlet-class>com.massimo.filter.ShowServlet</servlet-class>
</servlet>
<servlet-mapping>
<servlet-name>showServlet</servlet-name>
<url-pattern>/servlet/show</url-pattern>
</servlet-mapping>
运行效果:
不出意外,发现中文乱码!
解决方式:
效果:
但如果有多个这样的中文输出,这种方式还是有问题!
二、Filter开发步骤:
2.1、导包
<!--Servlet 依赖-->
<dependency>
<groupId>javax.servlet</groupId>
<artifactId>servlet-api</artifactId>
<version>2.5</version>
</dependency>
<!--JSP 依赖-->
<dependency>
<groupId>javax.servlet.jsp</groupId>
<artifactId>javax.servlet.jsp-api</artifactId>
<version>2.3.3</version>
</dependency>
<!--JSTL表达式 依赖-->
<dependency>
<groupId>javax.servlet.jsp.jstl</groupId>
<artifactId>jstl-api</artifactId>
<version>1.2</version>
</dependency>
<!--standard 标签库-->
<dependency>
<groupId>taglibs</groupId>
<artifactId>standard</artifactId>
<version>1.1.2</version>
</dependency>
2.1、编写过滤器
注意导包:
代码:实现Filter接口,重写方法
package com.massimo.filter;
import javax.servlet.*;
import java.io.IOException;
public class CharacterEncodingFilter implements Filter {
//初始化:web服务器启动,就已经初始化了,随时等待过滤对象出现
public void init(FilterConfig filterConfig) throws ServletException {
System.out.println("CharacterEncodingFilter初始化");
}
//filterChain : 链
/*
* 1、过滤器中的所有代码,在过滤特点的请求的时候都会执行
* 2、必须要让过滤器继续通行
* */
public void doFilter(ServletRequest servletRequest, ServletResponse servletResponse, FilterChain filterChain) throws IOException, ServletException {
servletRequest.setCharacterEncoding("utf-8");
servletResponse.setCharacterEncoding("utf-8");
servletResponse.setContentType("text/html;charset=UTF-8");
System.out.println("CharacterEncodingFilter执行前.....");
filterChain.doFilter(servletRequest,servletResponse);//让请求继续执行,如果不写,程序到这里就被拦截停止!
System.out.println("CharacterEncodingFilter执行后.....");
}
//销毁:web服务器关闭的时候,过滤会销毁
public void destroy() {
System.out.println("CharacterEncodingFilter销毁");
}
}
在web.xml中注册过滤器:
<filter>
<filter-name>CharacterEncodingFilter</filter-name>
<filter-class>com.massimo.filter.CharacterEncodingFilter</filter-class>
</filter>
<filter-mapping>
<filter-name>CharacterEncodingFilter</filter-name>
<!-- 只要是/servlet的任何请求,都会经过这个过滤器-->
<url-pattern>/servlet/*</url-pattern>
</filter-mapping>
运行效果: