ax.add_patch()的使用

作用：为图像添加补丁，具体代码如下代码所示。

import numpy as np
import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
from matplotlib.patches import Circle

# 创建画布
fig = plt.figure(figsize=(12, 8),
                 facecolor='beige',  # 米黄色
                 )
# 划分子区
axes = fig.subplots(nrows=2,
                    ncols=2,
                    )

# ---------------------------------  subplot(221) ---------------------------------
ax = axes[0, 0]
circle = Circle(xy=(2, 2),  # 圆心坐标
                radius=2,  # 半径
                fc='white',  # facecolor
                ec='cornflowerblue',  # 浅蓝色，矢车菊蓝

                )
ax.add_patch(p=circle)
circle.set(facecolor='yellow',
           alpha=0.5,
           hatch='/',
           ls='-.',
           ec='r'
           )

# 调整坐标轴刻度范围
ax.set(xlim=(-1, 5),
       ylim=(-1, 5)
       )

# ---------------------------------  subplot(222) ---------------------------------
ax = axes[0, 1]
rectangle = ax.patch
rectangle.set(facecolor='gold',
              alpha=0.7
              )

circle = Circle(xy=(2, 2),  # 圆心
                radius=2,  # 半径
                )
ax.add_patch(p=circle)
circle.set(fc='red',  # facecolor
           ec='green',  # edgecolor,
           alpha=0.6,
           lw=2,  # line widht
           )

# 调整坐标轴
ax.set(xlim=(-1, 5),
       ylim=(-1, 5),
       aspect='equal'  # x 轴和 y 轴的刻度单位比率
       )

# ---------------------------------  subplot(223) ---------------------------------
ax = axes[1, 0]
rectangle = ax.patch
rectangle.set(facecolor='palegreen',  # 淡绿色，苍绿色
              alpha=1
              )

circle = Circle(xy=(2, 2),  # 圆心
                radius=2,  # 半径
                )
ax.add_patch(p=circle)
circle.set(fc='red',  # facecolor
           ec='yellow',  # edgecolor,
           alpha=0.6,
           lw=5,  # line widht
           )

# 调整坐标轴
ax.axis('equal'  # x 轴和 y 轴的刻度单位比率
        )

# ---------------------------------  subplot(224) ---------------------------------
ax = axes[1, 1]
rectangle = ax.patch
rectangle.set(facecolor='lightskyblue',
              alpha=1
              )

circle = Circle(xy=(2, 2),  # 圆心
                radius=2,  # 半径
                )
ax.add_patch(p=circle)
circle.set(fc='white',  # facecolor
           ec='magenta',  # edgecolor, 品红
           alpha=0.6,
           lw=5,  # line widht
           )

# 调整坐标轴
ax.axis([-1, 5, 1, 5])  # 坐标轴刻度范围 [xmin, xmax, ymin, ymax]
ax.set(aspect='equal',  # x 轴和 y 轴的刻度单位比率
       yticks=range(-1, 6, 1)  # 刻度位置
       )

# 设置子区布局
plt.subplots_adjust(left=0.1,
                    right=0.8
                    )

# 显示图形
plt.show()