import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
import numpy as np
plt.rcParams['font.sans-serif'] = 'simhei'
plt.rcParams['axes.unicode_minus']=False
data = [40,15,20,10,15]
label=["面粉","砂糖","牛奶","草莓酱","坚果"]
#要把离心率设置远一点,怕第二个饼图挡住这个百分率
plt.pie(data,pctdistance=0.8,autopct='%.1f%%')
#所谓的环形图,就是再画一个比上个图小的饼图,并且为白色,所以半径要小
plt.pie([1],radius=0.6,colors='w')
plt.legend(label,loc='upper left')
plt.show()
效果图如下: