常用三角公式

1、基本定义

设角 α \alpha α 的终边与单位圆交于点 P ( x , y ) P(x,y) P(x,y),则有
s i n α = y ;    c o s α = x ; \begin{aligned}sin\alpha=y;\ \ \ cos\alpha=x;\end{aligned} sinα=y   cosα=x

t a n α = y x ;   c o t α = x y ; \begin{aligned}tan\alpha=\dfrac{y}{x};\ \ cot\alpha=\dfrac{x}{y};\end{aligned} tanα=xy  cotα=yx

s e c α = 1 x ;   c s c α = 1 y ; sec\alpha=\dfrac{1}{x};\ \ csc\alpha=\dfrac{1}{y}; secα=x1  cscα=y1

2、平方关系

s i n 2 x + c o s 2 x = 1 \begin{aligned}sin^{2}x+cos^{2}x=1\end{aligned} sin2x+cos2x=1
t a n 2 x + 1 = s e c 2 x \begin{aligned}tan^{2}x+1=sec^{2}x\end{aligned} tan2x+1=sec2x
1 + c o t 2 x = c s c 2 x \begin{aligned}1+cot^{2}x=csc^{2}x\end{aligned} 1+cot2x=csc2x

3、两角和三角函数公式

s i n ( A + B ) = s i n A c o s B + c o s A s i n B                                                                              s i n ( A − B ) = s i n A c o s B − c o s A s i n B c o s ( A + B ) = c o s A c o s B − s i n A s i n B c o s ( A − B ) = c o s A c o s B + s i n A s i n B t a n ( A + B ) = t a n A + t a n B 1 − t a n A t a n B t a n ( A − B ) = t a n A − t a n B 1 + t a n A t a n B c o t ( A − B ) = c o t A c o t B − 1 c o t B + c o t A c o t ( A − B ) = c o t A c o t B + 1 c o t B − c o t A \begin{aligned} &sin(A+B) = sinAcosB+cosAsinB \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \\ &sin(A-B) = sinAcosB-cosAsinB \\ &cos(A+B) = cosAcosB-sinAsinB \\ &cos(A-B) = cosAcosB+sinAsinB \\ &tan(A+B)=\dfrac{tanA+tanB}{1-tanAtanB} \\ &tan(A-B)=\dfrac{tanA-tanB}{1+ tanAtanB} \\ &cot(A-B)=\dfrac{cotAcotB-1}{cotB +cotA} \\ &cot(A-B)=\dfrac{cotAcotB+1}{cotB-cotA} \\ \end{aligned} sin(A+B)=sinAcosB+cosAsinB                                                                            sin(AB)=sinAcosBcosAsinBcos(A+B)=cosAcosBsinAsinBcos(AB)=cosAcosB+sinAsinBtan(A+B)=1tanAtanBtanA+tanBtan(AB)=1+tanAtanBtanAtanBcot(AB)=cotB+cotAcotAcotB1cot(AB)=cotBcotAcotAcotB+1

4、倍角三角函数公式

s i n ( 2 A ) = 2 s i n A c o s A                                                                                                         c o s ( 2 A ) = c o s 2 A − s i n 2 A = 2 c o s 2 A − 1 = 1 − 2 s i n 2 A t a n ( 2 A ) = 2 t a n A 1 − t a n 2 A \begin{aligned} &sin(2A)=2sinAcosA \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \\ &cos(2A) = cos^{2}A-sin^{2}A=2cos^{2}A-1=1-2sin^{2}A \\ &tan(2A)=\dfrac{2tanA}{1-tan^{2}A} \\ \end{aligned} sin(2A)=2sinAcosA                                                                                                       cos(2A)=cos2Asin2A=2cos2A1=12sin2Atan(2A)=1tan2A2tanA

5、三倍角三角函数公式

s i n ( 3 A ) = 3 s i n A − 4 ( s i n A ) 3 \begin{aligned}sin(3A)=3sinA-4(sinA)^{3}\end{aligned} sin(3A)=3sinA4(sinA)3
c o s ( 3 A ) = 4 ( c o s A ) 3 − 3 c o s A \begin{aligned}cos(3A) = 4(cosA)^{3}-3cosA\end{aligned} cos(3A)=4(cosA)33cosA
t a n ( 3 A ) = t a n A t a n ( π 3 + A ) t a n ( π 3 − A ) \begin{aligned}tan(3A) = tanAtan(\dfrac{\pi}{3}+A) tan(\dfrac{\pi}{3}-A)\end{aligned} tan(3A)=tanAtan(3π+A)tan(3πA)

6、半角三角函数公式

7、和差化积三角函数公式

8、积化和差三角函数公式

8、诱导三角函数公式

1、适用于 s i n ( k 2 π ± α ) , c o s ( k 2 π ± α ) , t a n ( k 2 π ± α ) , c o t ( k 2 π ± α ) sin(\dfrac{k}{2}\pi \pm \alpha),cos(\dfrac{k}{2}\pi \pm \alpha),tan(\dfrac{k}{2}\pi \pm \alpha),cot(\dfrac{k}{2}\pi \pm \alpha) sin(2kπ±α)cos(2kπ±α)tan(2kπ±α)cot(2kπ±α) 的化简。
2、口诀: 奇变偶不变,符号看象限。 \textcolor{red}{奇变偶不变,符号看象限。} 奇变偶不变,符号看象限。
奇偶:指 k k k 是奇数还是偶数。
    \,\,\, 变: s i n ⟷ c o s , t a n ⟷ c o t sin\longleftrightarrow cos,tan\longleftrightarrow cot sincostancot
符号:把 α \alpha α 当成锐角,看 k 2 π ± α \dfrac{k}{2}\pi \pm \alpha 2kπ±α 所在象限,判断原式的正负。

s i n ( − α ) = − s i n α ;     c o s ( − α ) = c o s α \begin{aligned}sin(-\alpha)=-sin\alpha;\ \ \ \ cos(-\alpha)=cos\alpha\end{aligned} sin(α)=sinα    cos(α)=cosα
s i n ( π − α ) = s i n α ;    c o s ( π − α ) = − c o s α \begin{aligned}sin(\pi-\alpha)=sin\alpha;\ \ \ cos(\pi-\alpha)=-cos\alpha\end{aligned} sin(πα)=sinα   cos(πα)=cosα
s i n ( π + α ) = − s i n α ; c o s ( π + α ) = − c o s α \begin{aligned}sin(\pi+\alpha)=-sin\alpha;cos(\pi+\alpha)=-cos\alpha\end{aligned} sin(π+α)=sinαcos(π+α)=cosα
… …

9、

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