tar:GNU `tar' saves many files together into a single tape or disk archive, and can restore individual files from the archive.su: Change the effective user id and group id to that ofUSER.A mere - implies -l. If USER not given, assume root.cat: Concatenate FILE(s), or standard input, to standard output.uname: Print certain system information. With no OPTION, same as-s.du: Summarize disk usage of each FILE, recursively for directories.df: Show information about the file system on which each FILE resides, or all file systems by default.tr: Translate, squeeze, and/or delete characters from standard input ,writing to standard output.df: Disk free 空余硬盘
du: Disk usage 硬盘使用率
chown: Change owner 改变所有者
chgrp: Change group 改变用户组
ps: Process Status 进程状态
chmod: Change mode 改变模式
umount: Unmount 卸载
ldd: List dynamic dependencies 列出动态相依
insmod: Install module 安装模块
rmmod: Remove module 删除模块
lsmod: List module 列表模块
alias: Create your own name for a command
bash:GNU Bourne-Again Shell linux内核
grep: global regular expression print
httpd: Start Apache
ipcalc: Calculate IP information for a host
ping: Send ICMP ECHO_Request to network hosts
reboot: Restart your computer
sudo: Superuser do/bin = BINaries
/dev = DEVices
/etc = ETCetera
/lib = LIBrary
/proc = PROCesses
/sbin = Superuser BINaries
/tmp = TeMPorary
/usr = Unix Shared Resources
/var= VARiable ?FIFO= First In, First Out
GRUB= GRand Unified Bootloader
IFS= Internal Field Seperators
LILO= LInux LOader
MySQL = My最初作者的名字SQL= Structured Query Language
PHP= Personal Home Page Tools =PHP Hypertext Preprocessor
PS= Prompt String
Perl ="Pratical Extraction and Report Language"="Pathologically Eclectic Rubbish Lister"
Python Monty Python's Flying Circus
Tcl = Tool Command Language
Tk = ToolKit
VT= Video Terminal
YaST = Yet Another Setup Tool
apache ="a patchy" server
apt = Advanced Packaging Tool
ar = archiver
as= assembler
bash = Bourne Again SHell
bc =Basic(Better) Calculator
bg = BackGround
cal = CALendar
cat = CATenate
cd = Change Directory
chgrp = CHange GRouP
chmod = CHange MODe
chown = CHange OWNer
chsh = CHange SHell
cmp = compare
cobra = Common Object Request Broker Architecture
comm = common
cp = CoPy
cpio = CoPy In and Out
cpp =C Pre Processor
cups = Common Unix Printing System
cvs = Current Version System
daemon = Disk And Execution MONitor
dc = Desk Calculator
dd = Disk Dump
df = Disk Free
diff = DIFFerence
dmesg = diagnostic message
du = Disk Usage
ed = editor
egrep = Extended GREP
elf = Extensible Linking Format
elm = ELectronic Mail
emacs = Editor MACroS
eval = EVALuate
ex = EXtended
exec = EXECute
fd = file descriptors
fg = ForeGround
fgrep = Fixed GREP
fmt = format
fsck = File System ChecK
fstab = FileSystem TABle
fvwm =F*** Virtual Window Manager
gawk =GNUAWK
gpg =GNU Privacy Guard
groff =GNU troff
hal = Hardware Abstraction Layer
joe = Joe's Own Editor
ksh = Korn SHell
lame = Lame Ain't an MP3 Encoder
lex = LEXical analyser
lisp = LISt Processing = Lots of Irritating Superfluous Parentheses
ln = LiNk
lpr = Line PRint
ls = list
lsof = LiSt Open Files
m4 = Macro processor Version 4
man = MANual pages
mawk = Mike Brennan's AWK
mc = Midnight Commander
mkfs = MaKe FileSystem
mknod = MaKe NODe
motd = Message of The Day
mozilla = MOsaic GodZILLa
mtab = Mount TABle
mv = MoVe
nano = Nano's ANOther editor
nawk = New AWK
nl = Number of Lines
nm = names
nohup = No HangUP
nroff = New ROFF
od = Octal Dump
passwd = PASSWorD
pg = pager
pico = PIne's message COmposition editor
pine ="Program for Internet News & Email"="Pine is not Elm"
ping = Packet InterNet Grouper
pirntcap = PRINTer CAPability
popd =POP Directory
pr = pre
printf =PRINT Formatted
ps = Processes Status
pty = pseudo tty
pushd =PUSH Directory
pwd = Print Working Directory
rc = runcom = run command, shell
rev = REVerse
rm = ReMove
rn = Read News
roff = RunOFF
rpm =RPM Package Manager = RedHat Package Manager
rsh, rlogin,= Remote
rxvt = ouR XVT
sed = Stream EDitor
seq = SEQuence
shar = SHell ARchive
slrn =S-Lang rn
ssh = Secure SHell
ssl = Secure Sockets Layer
stty = Set TTY
su = Substitute User
svn = SubVersioN
tar = Tape ARchive
tcsh =TENEXC shell
telnet = TEminaL over Network
termcap = terminal capability
terminfo = terminal information
tr = traslate
troff = Typesetter newROFF
tsort = Topological SORT
tty = TeleTypewriter
twm = Tom's Window Manager
tz = TimeZone
udev = Userspace DEV
ulimit = User's LIMIT
umask = User's MASK
uniq = UNIQue
vi = VIsual = Very Inconvenient
vim = Vi IMproved
wall = write all
wc = Word Count
wine =WINE Is Not an Emulator
xargs = eXtended ARGuments
xdm =X Display Manager
xlfd =X Logical Font Description
xmms =X Multimedia System
xrdb =X Resources DataBase
xwd =X Window Dump
yacc = yet another compiler compiler