Fragment使用简单示例

Fragment即碎片，使用它可以减少Activity的代码量，降低耦合，使代码更清爽，更易于读懂。它和Activity具有类似的生命周期，连主要使用的方法也一样。

Fragment添加到Activity的FragmetLayout：

FragmentTransaction transaction = getSupportFragmentManager().beginTransaction();
transaction.add(R.id.fragment_content, Fragment1.getInstance(),"fragmentTag");
transaction.commit();

Fragment的切换：

transaction.replace(R.id.fragment_content, Fragment2.getInstance(),"fragmentTag");

添加使用add方法。替换使用replace方法。

下面是简单的实现：

java代码

Activity部分：

package com.example.Activity;

import com.example.R;
import com.example.Fragment.Fragment1;
import com.example.Fragment.Fragment2;

import android.os.Bundle;
import android.support.v4.app.Fragment;
import android.support.v4.app.FragmentActivity;
import android.support.v4.app.FragmentManager;
import android.support.v4.app.FragmentTransaction;
import android.view.View;
import android.view.View.OnClickListener;
import android.widget.Button;

public class MainActivity extends FragmentActivity {

    private Button btn_qiehuan;

    @Override
    protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
        super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
        setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);
        initView();
        setDefaultFragment(savedInstanceState);
    }

    /**
     * 初始化视图
     */
    private void initView() {
        btn_qiehuan = (Button)findViewById(R.id.button_qiehuan);
        viewListen();
    }

    /**
     * 设置默认的Fragment
     * @param savedInstanceState 
     */
    private void setDefaultFragment(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
        if (savedInstanceState==null) {
            FragmentTransaction transaction = getSupportFragmentManager().beginTransaction();
            //将fragment对象add添加到FrameLayout中。而FrameLayout是在Activity中，所以也即绑定到Activity
            transaction.add(R.id.fragment_content, Fragment1.getInstance(),"fragmentTag");//添加
            transaction.commit();
        }
    }


    /**
     * 切换Fragment
     */
    public void switchFragment(){
        FragmentManager fm = getSupportFragmentManager();//Fragment管理器
        FragmentTransaction transaction = fm.beginTransaction();//fragment事务

        /*
         * 每次添加与切换Fragment都共用一个标志："fragmentTag"，因此通过该标识能获取当前fragment
         */
        Fragment currFragment = fm.findFragmentByTag("fragmentTag");

        if (currFragment instanceof Fragment1) {//如果当前Fragment 是Fragment1的对象
            //replace替换
            transaction.replace(R.id.fragment_content, Fragment2.getInstance(),"fragmentTag");//replace替换

        }else{
            transaction.replace(R.id.fragment_content, Fragment1.getInstance(),"fragmentTag");//replace替换
        }

        transaction.commit();//提交           
    }

    /**
     * 设置监听
     */
    private void viewListen() {
        btn_qiehuan.setOnClickListener(new OnClickListener() {

            @Override
            public void onClick(View v) {
                switchFragment();
            }
        });

    }

}

Fragment部分：

Fragment1:

package com.example.Fragment;

import com.example.R;

import android.os.Bundle;
import android.support.v4.app.Fragment;
import android.view.LayoutInflater;
import android.view.View;
import android.view.ViewGroup;

public class Fragment1 extends Fragment {
    private static Fragment1 instance;
    private Fragment1() {

    }
    public static Fragment1 getInstance(){
        if (instance == null) {
            instance = new Fragment1();
        }
        return instance;        
    }
    @Override
    public View onCreateView(LayoutInflater inflater, ViewGroup container,
            Bundle savedInstanceState) {
        View rootView = inflater.inflate(R.layout.fragment_1, container,false);
        return rootView;
    }
}

Fragment2:

package com.example.Fragment;

import com.example.R;

import android.os.Bundle;
import android.support.v4.app.Fragment;
import android.view.LayoutInflater;
import android.view.View;
import android.view.ViewGroup;

public class Fragment2 extends Fragment {
    private static Fragment2 instance;
    private Fragment2() {

    }
    public static Fragment2 getInstance(){
        if (instance == null) {
            instance = new Fragment2();
        }
        return instance;        
    }
    @Override
    public View onCreateView(LayoutInflater inflater, ViewGroup container,
            Bundle savedInstanceState) {
        View rootView = inflater.inflate(R.layout.fragment_2, container,false);
        return rootView;
    }
}

xml布局

activity_main.xml

<RelativeLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
    xmlns:tools="http://schemas.android.com/tools"
    android:layout_width="match_parent"
    android:layout_height="match_parent" >

    <LinearLayout
        android:id="@+id/titleBar"
        android:layout_width="match_parent"
        android:layout_height="50dp"
        android:layout_alignParentTop="true"
        android:background="#22ff22"
        android:gravity="center_vertical" >

        <TextView
            android:layout_width="wrap_content"
            android:layout_height="wrap_content"
            android:text="Activity标题栏" />
    </LinearLayout>

    <Button
        android:id="@+id/button_qiehuan"
        android:layout_width="match_parent"
        android:layout_height="wrap_content"
        android:layout_alignParentBottom="true"
        android:layout_alignParentRight="true"
        android:text="切换Fragment" />

    <FrameLayout
        android:id="@+id/fragment_content"
        android:layout_width="match_parent"
        android:layout_height="wrap_content"
        android:layout_above="@+id/button_qiehuan"
        android:layout_below="@+id/titleBar" >
    </FrameLayout>

</RelativeLayout>

fragment_1.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<LinearLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
    android:layout_width="match_parent"
    android:layout_height="match_parent"
    android:orientation="vertical" >

    <TextView
        android:layout_width="wrap_content"
        android:layout_height="wrap_content"
        android:text="Fragment1"
        android:textSize="25sp" />

</LinearLayout>

fragment_2

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<LinearLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
    android:layout_width="match_parent"
    android:layout_height="match_parent"
    android:orientation="vertical" >

    <TextView
        android:layout_width="wrap_content"
        android:layout_height="wrap_content"
        android:text="Fragment2"
        android:textSize="25sp"
         />

</LinearLayout>