网络基础

TCP程序

TCP是面向连接的协议，java.net包中拥有相关的类。
ServerSocket：实现服务器端套接字
Socket：实现客户端套接字（Socket的翻译即套接字，是两台机器之间通信的端点）
Socket是网络驱动层提供给应用程序编程的接口的一种机制。

服务器端的Socket

ServerSocket类实现了服务器端Socket

方法名	功能
ServerSocket(int port)	创建绑定到port端口的服务器Socket
InetAddress getInetAddress()	返回此服务器Socket的本机地址
Socket accept()	监听并接收Socket的连接

单客户端对服务器

服务器程序

package com.chen;

import java.io.BufferedReader;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.InputStream;
import java.io.InputStreamReader;
import java.io.OutputStream;
import java.io.PrintStream;
import java.net.ServerSocket;
import java.net.Socket;

public class ServerDemo {
    public static void main(String[] args){
        ServerSocket ss = null;
        Socket s = null;
        try {
            ss = new ServerSocket(10086);
            s = ss.accept();//方法会阻塞，无连接则会一直等待。
            System.out.println("Server:");
            InputStream in = s.getInputStream();//得到输入流
            BufferedReader br = new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(in));
            String info = br.readLine();
            System.out.println(info);
            OutputStream out = s.getOutputStream();
            PrintStream ps = new PrintStream(out);
            ps.println(info);

        } catch (IOException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }finally{
            try {
                s.close();
            } catch (IOException e) {
                e.printStackTrace();
            }
        }
    }
}

客户端程序

package com.chen;

import java.io.BufferedReader;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.InputStream;
import java.io.InputStreamReader;
import java.io.OutputStream;
import java.io.PrintStream;
import java.net.Socket;

public class ClientDemo {
    public static void main(String[] args){
        Socket s = null;
        try {
            s = new Socket("localhost",10086);
            System.out.println("Client:");
            OutputStream out = s.getOutputStream();
            InputStream in = s.getInputStream();
            PrintStream ps = new PrintStream(out);
            ps.println("Hello");
            BufferedReader br = new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(in));
            String info = br.readLine();
            System.out.println(info);
        } catch (IOException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }finally{
            try {
                s.close();
            } catch (IOException e) {
                e.printStackTrace();
            }
        }
    }
}

多客户端对服务器通讯

简要思路：多个客户端怎么和服务端通信又不互相影响呢，这个时候可以建立一个服务线程，每连接一个客户端，就开一个线程，互不影响。
线程类

package com.chen;

import java.io.BufferedReader;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.InputStream;
import java.io.InputStreamReader;
import java.io.OutputStream;
import java.io.PrintStream;
import java.net.Socket;

public class ClientThread implements Runnable {
    private Socket socket;
    public ClientThread(Socket socket) {
        this.socket = socket;
    }
    @Override
    public void run() {
        try {
            System.out.println("客户端的IP:"+socket.getInetAddress().getHostAddress());
            InputStream in = socket.getInputStream();//得到输入流
            BufferedReader br = new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(in));
            String info = br.readLine();
            System.out.println(info);
            OutputStream out = socket.getOutputStream();
            PrintStream ps = new PrintStream(out);
            ps.println(info);
        } catch (IOException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }finally{
            try {
                socket.close();
            } catch (IOException e) {
                e.printStackTrace();
            }
        }
    }
}

服务端

package com.chen;

import java.io.IOException;
import java.net.ServerSocket;
import java.net.Socket;
import java.util.concurrent.ExecutorService;
import java.util.concurrent.Executors;

public class MoreServerDemo {
    public static void main(String[] args){
        ExecutorService es = Executors.newCachedThreadPool();
        ServerSocket ss = null;
        try {
            ss = new ServerSocket(10086);
            while(true){
                Socket s = ss.accept();//方法会阻塞，无连接则会一直等待。
                es.execute(new ClientThread(s));
            }

        } catch (IOException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
    }
}

客户端程序不变