Bitmap用法

Bitmap
Bitmap是Android系统中的图像处理的最重要类之一。用它可以获取图像文件信息,进行图像剪切、旋转、缩放等操作,并可以指定格式保存图像文件。

重要函数

public void recycle() // 回收位图占用的内存空间,把位图标记为Dead

public final boolean isRecycled() //判断位图内存是否已释放

public final int getWidth()//获取位图的宽度

public final int getHeight()//获取位图的高度

public final boolean isMutable()//图片是否可修改

public int getScaledWidth(Canvas canvas)//获取指定密度转换后的图像的宽度

public int getScaledHeight(Canvas canvas)//获取指定密度转换后的图像的高度

public boolean compress(CompressFormat format, int quality, OutputStream stream)//按指定的图片格式以及画质,将图片转换为输出流。

format:Bitmap.CompressFormat.PNG或Bitmap.CompressFormat.JPEG

quality:画质,0-100.0表示最低画质压缩,100以最高画质压缩。对于PNG等无损格式的图片,会忽略此项设置。

public static Bitmap createBitmap(Bitmap src) //以src为原图生成不可变得新图像

public static Bitmap createScaledBitmap(Bitmap src, int dstWidth, int dstHeight, boolean filter)//以src为原图,创建新的图像,指定新图像的高宽以及是否可变。

public static Bitmap createBitmap(int width, int height, Config config)——创建指定格式、大小的位图

public static Bitmap createBitmap(Bitmap source, int x, int y, int width, int height)以source为原图,创建新的图片,指定起始坐标以及新图像的高宽。

BitmapFactory工厂类:

Option 参数类:

public boolean inJustDecodeBounds//如果设置为true,不获取图片,不分配内存,但会返回图片的高度宽度信息。

public int inSampleSize//图片缩放的倍数

public int outWidth//获取图片的宽度值

public int outHeight//获取图片的高度值

public int inDensity//用于位图的像素压缩比

public int inTargetDensity//用于目标位图的像素压缩比(要生成的位图)

public byte[] inTempStorage //创建临时文件,将图片存储

public boolean inScaled//设置为true时进行图片压缩,从inDensity到inTargetDensity

public boolean inDither //如果为true,解码器尝试抖动解码

public Bitmap.Config inPreferredConfig //设置解码器

public String outMimeType //设置解码图像

public boolean inPurgeable//当存储Pixel的内存空间在系统内存不足时是否可以被回收

public boolean inInputShareable //inPurgeable为true情况下才生效,是否可以共享一个InputStream

public boolean inPreferQualityOverSpeed //为true则优先保证Bitmap质量其次是解码速度

public boolean inMutable //配置Bitmap是否可以更改,比如:在Bitmap上隔几个像素加一条线段

public int inScreenDensity //当前屏幕的像素密度

工厂方法:
public static Bitmap decodeFile(String pathName, Options opts) //从文件读取图片

public static Bitmap decodeFile(String pathName)

public static Bitmap decodeStream(InputStream is) //从输入流读取图片

public static Bitmap decodeStream(InputStream is, Rect outPadding, Options opts)

public static Bitmap decodeResource(Resources res, int id) //从资源文件读取图片

public static Bitmap decodeResource(Resources res, int id, Options opts)

public static Bitmap decodeByteArray(byte[] data, int offset, int length) //从数组读取图片

public static Bitmap decodeByteArray(byte[] data, int offset, int length, Options opts)

public static Bitmap decodeFileDescriptor(FileDescriptor fd)//从文件读取文件 与decodeFile不同的是这个直接调用JNI函数进行读取 效率比较高

public static Bitmap decodeFileDescriptor(FileDescriptor fd, Rect outPadding, Options opts)

Bitmap.Config inPreferredConfig :
枚举变量 (位图位数越高代表其可以存储的颜色信息越多,图像越逼真,占用内存越大)

public static final Bitmap.Config ALPHA_8 //代表8位Alpha位图 每个像素占用1byte内存
public static final Bitmap.Config ARGB_4444 //代表16位ARGB位图 每个像素占用2byte内存
public static final Bitmap.Config ARGB_8888 //代表32位ARGB位图 每个像素占用4byte内存
public static final Bitmap.Config RGB_565 //代表8位RGB位图 每个像素占用2byte内存
Android中一张图片(BitMap)占用的内存主要和以下几个因数有关:图片长度,图片宽度,单位像素占用的字节数。一张图片(BitMap)占用的内存=图片长度图片宽度单位像素占用的字节数

参考:http://www.cnblogs.com/whoislcj/p/5547758.html

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android Bitmap用法总结 Bitmap用法总结 1、Drawable → Bitmap public static Bitmap drawableToBitmap(Drawable drawable) { Bitmap bitmap = Bitmap .createBitmap( drawable.getIntrinsicWidth(), drawable.getIntrinsicHeight(), drawable.getOpacity() != PixelFormat.OPAQUE ? Bitmap.Config.ARGB_8888 : Bitmap.Config.RGB_565); Canvas canvas = new Canvas(bitmap); // canvas.setBitmap(bitmap); drawable.setBounds(0, 0, drawable.getIntrinsicWidth(), drawable.getIntrinsicHeight()); drawable.draw(canvas); return bitmap; } 2、从资源中获取Bitmap Resources res=getResources(); Bitmap bmp=BitmapFactory.decodeResource(res, R.drawable.pic); 3、Bitmap → byte[] private byte[] Bitmap2Bytes(Bitmap bm){ ByteArrayOutputStream baos = new ByteArrayOutputStream(); bm.compress(Bitmap.CompressFormat.PNG, 100, baos); return baos.toByteArray(); } 4、byte[] → Bitmap private Bitmap Bytes2Bimap(byte[] b){ if(b.length!=0){ return BitmapFactory.decodeByteArray(b, 0, b.length); } else { return null; } } 5、保存bitmap static boolean saveBitmap2file(Bitmap bmp,String filename){ CompressFormat format= Bitmap.CompressFormat.JPEG; int quality = 100; OutputStream stream = null; try { stream = new FileOutputStream("/sdcard/" + filename); } catch (FileNotFoundException e) { // TODO Auto-generated catch block Generated by Foxit PDF Creator © Foxit Software http://www.foxitsoftware.com For evaluation only. e.printStackTrace(); } return bmp.compress(format, quality, stream); } 6、将图片按自己的要求缩放 // 图片源 Bitmap bm = BitmapFactory.decodeStream(getResources() .openRawResource(R.drawable.dog)); // 获得图片的宽高 int width = bm.getWidth(); int height = bm.getHeight(); // 设置想要的大小 int newWidth = 320; int newHeight = 480; // 计算缩放比例 float scaleWidth = ((float) newWidth) / width; float scaleHeight = ((float) newHeight) / height; // 取得想要缩放的matrix参数 Matrix matrix = new Matrix(); matrix.postScale(scaleWidth, scaleHeight); // 得到新的图片 Bitmap newbm = Bitmap.createBitmap(bm, 0, 0, width, height, matrix, true); // 放在画布上 canvas.drawBitmap(newbm, 0, 0, paint); 相关知识链接:http://www.eoeandroid.com/thread-3162-1-1.html 7、bitmap用法小结 BitmapFactory.Options option = new BitmapFactory.Options(); option.inSampleSize = 2; //将图片设为原来宽高的1/2,防止内存溢出 Bitmap bm = BitmapFactory.decodeFile("",option);//文件流 URL url = new URL(""); InputStream is = url.openStream(); Bitmap bm = BitmapFactory.decodeStream(is); android:scaleType: android:scaleType是控制图片如何resized/moved来匹对ImageView的size。ImageView.ScaleType / android:scaleType值的意义区别: CENTER /center 按图片的原来size居中显示,当图片长/宽超过View的长/宽,则截取图片的居中部分 显示 CENTER_CROP / centerCrop 按比例扩大图片的size居中显示,使得图片长(宽)等于或大于View的长 (宽) CENTER_INSIDE / centerInside 将图片的内容完整居中显示,通过按比例缩小或原来的size使得图片 长/宽等于或小于View的长/宽 Generated by Foxit PDF Creator © Foxit Software http://www.foxitsoftware.com For evaluation only. FIT_CENTER / fitCenter 把图片按比例扩大/缩小到View的宽度,居中显示 FIT_END / fitEnd 把图片按比例扩大/缩小到View的宽度,显示在View的下部分位置 FIT_START / fitStart 把图片按比例扩大/缩小到View的宽度,显示在View的上部分位置 FIT_XY / fitXY 把图片 不按比例 扩大/缩小到View的大小显示 MATRIX / matrix 用矩阵来绘制,动态缩小放大图片来显示。 //放大缩小图片 public static Bitmap zoomBitmap(Bitmap bitmap,int w,int h){ int width = bitmap.getWidth(); int height = bitmap.getHeight(); Matrix matrix = new Matrix(); float scaleWidht = ((float)w / width); float scaleHeight = ((float)h / height); matrix.postScale(scaleWidht, scaleHeight); Bitmap newbmp = Bitmap.createBitmap(bitmap, 0, 0, width, height, matrix, true); return newbmp; } //将Drawable转化为Bitmap public static Bitmap drawableToBitmap(Drawable drawable){ int width = drawable.getIntrinsicWidth(); int height = drawable.getIntrinsicHeight(); Bitmap bitmap = Bitmap.createBitmap(width, height, drawable.getOpacity() != PixelFormat.OPAQUE ? Bitmap.Config.ARGB_8888 : Bitmap.Config.RGB_565); Canvas canvas = new Canvas(bitmap); drawable.setBounds(0,0,width,height); drawable.draw(canvas); return bitmap; Generated by Foxit PDF Creator © Foxit Software http://www.foxitsoftware.com For evaluation only. } //获得圆角图片的方法 public static Bitmap getRoundedCornerBitmap(Bitmap bitmap,float roundPx){ Bitmap output = Bitmap.createBitmap(bitmap.getWidth(), bitmap .getHeight(), Config.ARGB_8888); Canvas canvas = new Canvas(output); final int color = 0xff424242; final Paint paint = new Paint(); final Rect rect = new Rect(0, 0, bitmap.getWidth(), bitmap.getHeight()); final RectF rectF = new RectF(rect); paint.setAntiAlias(true); canvas.drawARGB(0, 0, 0, 0); paint.setColor(color); canvas.drawRoundRect(rectF, roundPx, roundPx, paint); paint.setXfermode(new PorterDuffXfermode(Mode.SRC_IN)); canvas.drawBitmap(bitmap, rect, rect, paint); return output; } //获得带倒影的图片方法 public static Bitmap createReflectionImageWithOrigin(Bitmap bitmap){ final int reflectionGap = 4; int width = bitmap.getWidth(); int height = bitmap.getHeight(); Matrix matrix = new Matrix(); matrix.preScale(1, -1); Bitmap reflectionImage = Bitmap.createBitmap(bitmap, 0, height/2, width, height/2, matrix, false); Bitmap bitmapWithReflection = Bitmap.createBitmap(width, (height + height/2), Config.ARGB_8888); Canvas canvas = new Canvas(bitmapWithReflection); canvas.drawBitmap(bitmap, 0, 0, null); Paint deafalutPaint = new Paint(); Generated by Foxit PDF Creator © Foxit Software http://www.foxitsoftware.com For evaluation only. canvas.drawRect(0, height,width,height + reflectionGap, deafalutPaint); canvas.drawBitmap(reflectionImage, 0, height + reflectionGap, null); Paint paint = new Paint(); LinearGradient shader = new LinearGradient(0, bitmap.getHeight(), 0, bitmapWithReflection.getHeight() + reflectionGap, 0x70ffffff, 0x00ffffff, TileMode.CLAMP); paint.setShader(shader); // Set the Transfer mode to be porter duff and destination in paint.setXfermode(new PorterDuffXfermode(Mode.DST_IN)); // Draw a rectangle using the paint with our linear gradient canvas.drawRect(0, height, width, bitmapWithReflection.getHeight() + reflectionGap, paint); return bitmapWithReflection; } }
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