Tensorflow学习笔记（一）

Tensorflow

Tensorflow官方教程

由于Google Colab在国内无法使用，推荐deepnote代替

基本分类：对服装图像进行分类

# TensorFlow and tf.keras
import tensorflow as tf
from tensorflow import keras

# Helper libraries
import numpy as np
import matplotlib.pyplot as plt

print(tf.__version__)

fashion_mnist = keras.datasets.fashion_mnist

(train_images, train_labels), (test_images, test_labels) = fashion_mnist.load_data()

class_names = ['T-shirt/top', 'Trouser', 'Pullover', 'Dress', 'Coat',
               'Sandal', 'Shirt', 'Sneaker', 'Bag', 'Ankle boot']

plt.figure()
plt.imshow(train_images[0])
plt.colorbar()
plt.grid(False)
plt.show()

train_images = train_images / 255.0

test_images = test_images / 255.0

plt.figure(figsize=(10,10))
for i in range(25):
    plt.subplot(5,5,i+1)
    plt.xticks([])
    plt.yticks([])
    plt.grid(False)
    plt.imshow(train_images[i], cmap=plt.cm.binary)
    plt.xlabel(class_names[train_labels[i]])
plt.show()

画图前：先使用 plt.figure() 来新创一个图片或者激活已经有的图片，而plt.colorbar()可以在图上加上那个深浅棒，plt.show()画出所有打开的图片

model = keras.Sequential([
    keras.layers.Flatten(input_shape=(28, 28)),
    keras.layers.Dense(128, activation='relu'),
    keras.layers.Dense(10)
])
model.compile(optimizer='adam',
              loss=tf.keras.losses.SparseCategoricalCrossentropy(from_logits=True),
              metrics=['accuracy'])
              
model.fit(train_images, train_labels, epochs=10)
test_loss, test_acc = model.evaluate(test_images,  test_labels, verbose=2)

print('\nTest accuracy:', test_acc)

probability_model = tf.keras.Sequential([model, 
                                         tf.keras.layers.Softmax()])
predictions = probability_model.predict(test_images)
print(predictions)

这里有一个很有意思的事情，probability_model 是补充在model后的，按照正常的模型构建，理所当然以为应该在compile和fit前面，那是因为这层没有用到参数

同理，flatten那层也没有用到参数

def plot_image(i, predictions_array, true_label, img):
  predictions_array, true_label, img = predictions_array, true_label[i], img[i]
  plt.grid(False)
  plt.xticks([])
  plt.yticks([])

  plt.imshow(img, cmap=plt.cm.binary)

  predicted_label = np.argmax(predictions_array)
  if predicted_label == true_label:
    color = 'blue'
  else:
    color = 'red'

  plt.xlabel("{} {:2.0f}% ({})".format(class_names[predicted_label],
                                100*np.max(predictions_array),
                                class_names[true_label]),
                                color=color)

def plot_value_array(i, predictions_array, true_label):
  predictions_array, true_label = predictions_array, true_label[i]
  plt.grid(False)
  plt.xticks(range(10))
  plt.yticks([])
  thisplot = plt.bar(range(10), predictions_array, color="#777777")
  plt.ylim([0, 1])
  predicted_label = np.argmax(predictions_array)

  thisplot[predicted_label].set_color('red')
  thisplot[true_label].set_color('blue')

i = 0
plt.figure(figsize=(6,3))
plt.subplot(1,2,1)
plot_image(i, predictions[i], test_labels, test_images)
plt.subplot(1,2,2)
plot_value_array(i, predictions[i],  test_labels)
plt.show()

figsize 后面是inch。plt.subplot(1,2,1)和matlab的语法很像，1行2列中第一个

plt.xlabel X坐标写字

plt.imshow(img, cmap=plt.cm.binary) due to 图片是0-1

# Grab an image from the test dataset.
img = test_images[1]

print(img.shape)
# Add the image to a batch where it's t