原型模式

原型模式

定义一个复制接口,实体类去实现接口,创建实体类,使用实体类的复制方法创建新对象,可以避免new对象.避免系统开销, 也可以将原对象的属性值都继承下来.

用原型实例指定创建对象的种类,并且通过拷贝这些原型创建新的对象。

当创建新对象开销较大时，可以使用该模式，但是该模式绕过了构造函数的限制。

UML

例：

需求：

写一份简历，可以方便更新工作经历

代码实现：

简历类

import java.io.ByteArrayInputStream;
import java.io.ByteArrayOutputStream;
import java.io.ObjectInputStream;
import java.io.ObjectOutputStream;
import java.io.Serializable;

public class Resume implements Cloneable,Serializable{

    /**
     * 
     */
    private static final long serialVersionUID = 5465341684135145L;

    private String name;

    private String age;

    private String sex;


    private Work work;


    public Work getWork() {
        return work;
    }

    public void setWork(Work work) {
        this.work = work;
    }

    public String getName() {
        return name;
    }

    public void setName(String name) {
        this.name = name;
    }

    public String getAge() {
        return age;
    }

    public void setAge(String age) {
        this.age = age;
    }

    public String getSex() {
        return sex;
    }

    public void setSex(String sex) {
        this.sex = sex;
    }


    /**
     * 浅复制
     *
     */
    @Override
    public Object clone() throws CloneNotSupportedException {
        // TODO Auto-generated method stub
        return super.clone();
    }

    /**
     * 深复制
     * return
     * @throws Exception
     */
    public Object deepClone() throws Exception{
          // 序列化
        ByteArrayOutputStream bos = new ByteArrayOutputStream();
        ObjectOutputStream oos = new ObjectOutputStream(bos);

        oos.writeObject(this);

        // 反序列化
        ByteArrayInputStream bis = new ByteArrayInputStream(bos.toByteArray());
        ObjectInputStream ois = new ObjectInputStream(bis);

        return ois.readObject();
    }
    @Override
    public String toString() {
        // TODO Auto-generated method stub
        System.out.println("姓名："+name+",年龄："+age+",性别:"+sex);
        work.toString();
        return null;
    }
}

工作经历类:

import java.io.Serializable;

public class Work implements Serializable{

    /**
     * 
     */
    private static final long serialVersionUID = 4875412545845L;

    private String company;

    private String timeArea;

    public String getCompany() {
        return company;
    }

    public void setCompany(String company) {
        this.company = company;
    }

    public String getTimeArea() {
        return timeArea;
    }

    public void setTimeArea(String timeArea) {
        this.timeArea = timeArea;
    }

    @Override
    public String toString() {
        // TODO Auto-generated method stub
        System.out.println("工作经历："+timeArea+"在"+company+"工作");
        return super.toString();
    }
}

客户端

public class Client {

    public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
        Resume resumeA=new Resume();
        resumeA.setAge("25");
        resumeA.setName("求职者");
        resumeA.setSex("男");
        Work workA=new Work();
        workA.setCompany("腾讯");
        workA.setTimeArea("2011-2015");
        resumeA.setWork(workA);
        Resume resumeB= (Resume) resumeA.deepClone();
        Work workB=resumeB.getWork();
        workB.setTimeArea("2015-2017");
        workB.setCompany("阿里巴巴");
        resumeB.setWork(workB);
        resumeA.toString();
        resumeB.toString();
    }
}