Headfirst java设计模式-装饰者模式

装饰者模式：动态的将责任附加到对象上。若要扩展功能，装饰者模式提供了比继承更有弹性的替代方案。

代码实现：
(1)先声明Beverage和CondimentDecorator两个抽象类

public abstract class Beverage {
    String description = "Unknow Beverage";

    public String getDescription(){
        return description;
    }

    public abstract double cost();

}

public abstract class CondimentDecorator extends Beverage{
    public abstract String getDescription();
}

(2)继承beverage和CondimentDecorator，实现相应的具体类

public class DarkRoast extends Beverage {

    public DarkRoast() {
        description = "Dark Roast";
    }

    @Override
    public double cost() {
        // TODO Auto-generated method stub
        return 1.20;
    }

}

public class Decat extends Beverage{

    public Decat() {
        description = "Decat";
    }

    @Override
    public double cost() {
        // TODO Auto-generated method stub
        return 2.00;
    }

}

public class Espresso extends Beverage{

    public Espresso(){
        description = "Espresso";
    }

    @Override
    public double cost() {
        // TODO Auto-generated method stub
        return 1.99;
    }

}

public class HouseBlend extends Beverage{

    public HouseBlend(){
        description = "House Blend Coffee";
    }

    @Override
    public double cost() {
        // TODO Auto-generated method stub
        return .89;
    }

}

public class Mocha extends CondimentDecorator{
    Beverage beverage;

    public Mocha(Beverage beverage){
        this.beverage = beverage;
    }

    @Override
    public String getDescription() {
        // TODO Auto-generated method stub
        return beverage.getDescription() + ", Mocha";
    }

    @Override
    public double cost() {
        // TODO Auto-generated method stub
        return .20 + beverage.cost();
    }

}

public class Soy extends CondimentDecorator{
    Beverage beverage;

    public Soy(Beverage beverage){
        this.beverage = beverage;
    }

    @Override
    public String getDescription() {
        // TODO Auto-generated method stub
        return beverage.getDescription() + ", Soy";
    }

    @Override
    public double cost() {
        // TODO Auto-generated method stub
        return .15 + beverage.cost();
    }

}

public class Whip extends CondimentDecorator {
    Beverage beverage;

    public Whip(Beverage beverage) {
        this.beverage = beverage;
    }

    @Override
    public String getDescription() {
        // TODO Auto-generated method stub
        return beverage.getDescription() + ", Whip";
    }

    @Override
    public double cost() {
        // TODO Auto-generated method stub
        return .25 + beverage.cost();
    }

}

(3)测试代码

public class StarbuzzCoffee {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        Beverage beverage = new Espresso();
        System.out.println(beverage.getDescription() + " $" + beverage.cost());

        Beverage beverage2 = new DarkRoast();
        beverage2 = new Mocha(beverage2);
        beverage2 = new Mocha(beverage2);
        beverage2 = new Whip(beverage2);
        System.out.println(beverage2.getDescription() + " $" + beverage2.cost());
    }
}

测试结果：
Espresso $1.99

Dark Roast, Mocha, Mocha, Whip $1.8499999999999999