Ansible中的变量及加密

##1.变量命名##

只能包含数字,下划线,字母
只能用下划线或字母开头

##2.变量级别##

全局:        从命令行或配置文件中设定的
paly:        在play和相关结构中设定的
主机:        由清单,事实收集或注册的任务

变量优先级设定:
狭窄范围有限与广域范围

##3.变量设定和使用方式##

#1.在playbook中直接定义变量

---
- name: test var
  hosts: all
  vars:
     USER: westosuser

#2.在文件中定义变量#

vim user_list.yml
---
user: westosuser
vim westos.yml
---
- name: Create User
  hosts: all
  vars_files:
      - ./user_list.yml

[devops@nodea111 .ansible]$ vim user_list.yml
---
USER1:
  NAME: user1
  UID: 666

[devops@nodea111 .ansible]$ vim user.yml
- name: create user
  hosts: westos
  vars_files:
    - ./user_list.yml
  tasks:
    - name: create user1
      user:
        name: "{
  {USER1['NAME']}}"
        uid: "{
  {USER1.UID}}"

[devops@nodea111 .ansible]$ ansible-playbook user.yml 

#3.使用变量#

tasks:
- name: create user
user:
name: "{ { USER }}"

#4.设定主机变量和清单变量#

#在定义主机变量和清单变量时使用

vim inventory
[westos_list1]
172.25.0.254
172.25.0.1

[westos_list2]
172.25.0.2

[westos_list3]
172.25.0.3

[westos_group:children]
westos_list2
westos_list3

[westos_list1:vars]
USER=westos1

[westos_group:vars]
USER=westos2

[devops@nodea111 .ansible]$ cat inventory 
[westos]
172.25.254.211

[westos:vars]
WESTOS=hello

[devops@nodea111 .ansible]$ vim var.yml
- name: test
  hosts: westos
  tasks:
    - debug:
        msg: "{
  {WESTOS}}"

[devops@nodea111 .ansible]$ ansible-playbook var.yml 

PLAY [test] *****************************************************************************

TASK [Gathering Facts] ******************************************************************
ok: [172.25.254.211]

TASK [debug] ****************************************************************************
ok: [172.25.254.211] => {
    "msg": "hello"
}

PLAY RECAP ******************************************************************************
172.25.254.211             : ok=2    changed=0    unreachable=0    failed=0    skipped=0    rescued=0    ignored=0   

#5.目录设定变量#

group_vars        ##清单变量,目录中