Python字符串的相关使用

try:
    if data == 1:
        raise ZeroDivisionError
except ZeroDivisionError:
    data = 0
else:
    data = 10
finally:
    print("Finally")
print(data)



Finally
0

Process finished with exit code 0

二、字符串格式化输出

1.字符串中的center，rjust, ljust

print("age".center(10, '*'))
print("20".center(10, '*'))



***age****
****20****

Process finished with exit code 0

print("age".rjust(10, '*'))  
print("20".rjust(10, '*'))



*******age
********20

Process finished with exit code 0

print("age".ljust(10, '*')) 
print("20".ljust(10, '*'))



age*******
20********

Process finished with exit code 0

2.字符串中format方法的使用(带对齐方式，宽度，填充字符)

name = 'zhangsan'
age = 30
money = 999999999
print("My name is {:*^10} My age is {:*^10} My money is {:*^13}".format(name, age, money))




My name is *zhangsan* My age is ****30**** My money is **999999999**

Process finished with exit code 0

3.占位符: %d, %s, %f

print("My name is %s My age is %d My money is %.3f" % ('zhagnsan', 20, 999999.999))



My name is zhagnsan My age is 20 My money is 999999.999

Process finished with exit code 0

4. 新的格式化: f/F(带对齐方式，宽度，填充字符)

name = 'zhangsan'
age = 30
print(f"My name is {name:*^10} My age is {age}")



My name is *zhangsan* My age is 30

Process finished with exit code 0

三、字符串剩余方法的使用

capitalize

data = 'hello'
print(data.capitalize())



Hello

Process finished with exit code 0

casefold

data = 'HELLO'
print(data.capitalize())


Hello

Process finished with exit code 0

count

data = 'abcabcabc'
print(data.count('a'))
data = 'abcabcabc'
print(data.count('abc'))


3
3

Process finished with exit code 0

encode

data = 'abc'
print(data.encode('UTF-8'))



b'abc'

Process finished with exit code 0

decode

data = b'abc'
print(data.decode('UTF-8'))



abc

Process finished with exit code 0

data = 'abcabcabc'
print(data.endswith('c'))
data = 'abcabcabc'
print(data.endswith('bc'))
data = 'abcabcabc'
print(data.endswith('abc'))



True
True
True

Process finished with exit code 0

expandtabs

data = 'abc\tabc'
print(data.expandtabs(tabsize=9))



abc      abc

Process finished with exit code 0

find

data = 'abcabcabc'
print(data.find('b'))



1

Process finished with exit code 0

format_map

data = 'abcabc666'
data1 = 'abcd'
print(data1.format_map(data))
print(data1)


abcd
abcd

Process finished with exit code 0

index

data = 'abcabcdabcd'
print(data.index('a'))



0

Process finished with exit code 0

isalnum

data = 'abcabcdabcd123'
print(data.isalnum())
data = 'abcabcdabcd123-'
print(data.isalnum())



True
False

Process finished with exit code 0

isalpha

data = 'abcabcdabcd123'
print(data.isalpha())
data = 'abcabcdabcd'
print(data.isalpha())



False
True

Process finished with exit code 0

isascii

data = 'abcabcdabcd'
print(data.isascii())
data = '哈哈'
print(data.isascii())



True
False

Process finished with exit code 0

isdecimal

data = 'x666'
print(data.isdecimal())
data = '666'
print(data.isdecimal())



False
True

Process finished with exit code 0

isdigit

data = '666'
print(data.isdigit())
data = '666abc'
print(data.isdigit())



True
False

Process finished with exit code 0

isidentifier

data = '666abc'
print(data.isidentifier())
data = 'abc666'
print(data.isidentifier())




False
True

Process finished with exit code 0

islower

data = 'abc'
print(data.islower())
data = 'ABC'
print(data.islower())



True
False

Process finished with exit code 0

isnumeric

data = '123'
print(data.isnumeric())
data = '123a'
print(data.isnumeric())



True
False

Process finished with exit code 0

isprintable

data = 'abc\nabc'
print(data.isprintable())
data = 'abcabc'
print(data.isprintable())



False
True

Process finished with exit code 0

isspace

data = ' '
print(data.isspace())
data = 'a'
print(data.isspace())




True
False

Process finished with exit code 0

istitle

data = 'Money'
print(data.istitle())
data = 'MONEY'
print(data.istitle())
data = 'money'
print(data.istitle())



True
False
False

Process finished with exit code 0

isupper

data = 'ABC'
print(data.isupper())
data = 'abc'
print(data.isupper())




True
False

Process finished with exit code 0

join

print('-'.join(['bc', 'de']))



bc-de

Process finished with exit code 0

lower

data = 'ABC'
print(data.lower())



abc

Process finished with exit code 0

partition

data = 'ab|cd'
print((data.partition('|')))



('ab', '|', 'cd')

Process finished with exit code 0

removeprefix

data = 'abc'
print(data.removeprefix('a'))
data = 'abc'
print(data.removeprefix('ab'))



bc
c

Process finished with exit code 0

removesuffix

data = 'abc'
print(data.removesuffix('c'))
data = 'abc'
print(data.removesuffix('bc'))




bc
c

Process finished with exit code 0

replace

data = 'abc'
print(data.replace('c', 'r'))



abr

Process finished with exit code 0

rfind


data = 'abcabc'
print(data.rfind('a'))




abr

Process finished with exit code 0

rindex

data = 'abcabca'
print(data.rindex('a'))



abr

Process finished with exit code 0

rpartition

data = 'a|c'
print(data.rpartition('|'))



('a', '|', 'c')

Process finished with exit code 0

rsplit

data = 'a|c'
print(data.rsplit(sep='|'))




['a', 'c']

Process finished with exit code 0

split

data = 'abc'
print(data.split(sep='b'))



['a', 'c']

Process finished with exit code 0

splitlines

data = 'abc\nabc'
print(data.splitlines())



['abc', 'abc']

Process finished with exit code 0

startswith

data = 'abc'
print(data.startswith('a'))
data = 'abc'
print(data.startswith('b'))



True
False

Process finished with exit code 0

strip

data = ' abc '
print(data.strip())
print(data)





abc
 abc 

Process finished with exit code 0

swapcase

data = 'abcABC'
print(data.swapcase())



ABCabc

Process finished with exit code 0

title

data = 'ABCabc'
print(data.title())



Abcabc

Process finished with exit code 0

translate

data = 'abcabc'
print(data.translate({ord('a'): 'A'}))




AbcAbc

Process finished with exit code 0

upper

data = 'abcAbc'
print(data.upper())



ABCABC

Process finished with exit code 0

zfill

data = 'abc'
print(data.zfill(10))




0000000abc

Process finished with exit code 0

四、使用输入完成计算器的功能：
输入 7+8 输出： 7 + 8 = 15
提示：在字符串取查找是否有"+/-*"
找到字符串中有一个split方法：按照指定字符分割字符串
获取到两个数字，以及运算符号

data = input("请输入加法运算")
# print(data.count('+'))
if data.count('+') == 1:
    num = data.split("+")
    x = int(num[0])
    y = int(num[1])
    print(x + y)
else:
    print('请输入加法运算')



请输入加法运算7+8
15

Process finished with exit code 0