可重入
可重入是指同一个线程如果首次获得了这把锁,那么因为它是这把锁的拥有者,因此有权利再次获取这把锁
如果是不可重入锁,那么第二次获得锁时,自己也会被锁挡住
synchronized可重入举例
static final Object obj = new Object();
public static void method1() {
synchronized( obj ) {
// 同步块 A
method2();
}
}
public static void method2() {
synchronized( obj ) {
// 同步块 B
}
}
ReentrantLock可重入举例
static ReentrantLock lock = new ReentrantLock();
public static void main(String[] args) {
method1();
}
public static void method1() {
lock.lock();
try {
log.debug("execute method1");
method2();
} finally {
lock.unlock();
}
}
public static void method2() {
lock.lock();
try {
log.debug("execute method2");
method3();
} finally {
lock.unlock();
}
}
public static void method3() {
lock.lock();
try {
log.debug("execute method3");
} finally {
lock.unlock();
}
}
运行结果,输出
17:59:11.862 [main] c.TestReentrant - execute method1
17:59:11.865 [main] c.TestReentrant - execute method2
17:59:11.865 [main] c.TestReentrant - execute method3
可打断
synchronized锁不可打断,ReentrantLock的lockInterruptibly()方法可以在等锁的过程中被interrupt打断,结束等待
示例
ReentrantLock lock = new ReentrantLock(); Thread t1 = new Thread(() -> { log.debug("启动..."); try { lock.lockInterruptibly(); } catch (InterruptedException e) { e.printStackTrace(); log.debug("等锁的过程中被打断"); return; } try { log.debug("获得了锁"); } finally { lock.unlock(); } }, "t1"); lock.lock(); log.debug("获得了锁"); t1.start(); try { sleep(1); t1.interrupt(); log.debug("执行打断"); } finally { lock.unlock(); }
输出
18:02:40.520 [main] c.TestInterrupt - 获得了锁
18:02:40.524 [t1] c.TestInterrupt - 启动...
18:02:41.530 [main] c.TestInterrupt - 执行打断
java.lang.InterruptedException
at
java.util.concurrent.locks.AbstractQueuedSynchronizer.doAcquireInterruptibly(AbstractQueuedSynchr
onizer.java:898)
at
java.util.concurrent.locks.AbstractQueuedSynchronizer.acquireInterruptibly(AbstractQueuedSynchron
izer.java:1222)
at java.util.concurrent.locks.ReentrantLock.lockInterruptibly(ReentrantLock.java:335)
at cn.itcast.n4.reentrant.TestInterrupt.lambda$main$0(TestInterrupt.java:17)
at java.lang.Thread.run(Thread.java:748)
18:02:41.532 [t1] c.TestInterrupt - 等锁的过程中被打断
通过ReentrantLock创建的条件变量(简单理解为休息室),可以调用signal方法,唤醒全部等待的线程。