IO_处理流

InputStreamReader：Reader的子类，可以将InputStream（字节流）包装成Reader（字符流）

OutputStreamWriter：Writer的子类，可以将OutputStream（字节流）包装成Writer（字符流）

当处理纯文本数据时，字符流效率更高，但往往会被编码问题困扰。故可以将字节流转换成字符流，在转换时制定编码，让字符流不被编码问题困扰

InputStreamReader

@Test
    public void read() throws IOException {
        String line = null;
        //指定读取的编码格式 该格式与读取目标一致
        String CharSet = "GBK";
        String filePath = "E:\\t.txt";
        //创建字节流
        FileInputStream fileInputStream = new FileInputStream(filePath);
        //创建转换处理流
        InputStreamReader inputStreamReader = new InputStreamReader(fileInputStream,CharSet);
        //创建包装处理流
        BufferedReader bufferedReader = new BufferedReader(inputStreamReader);

        while ((line = bufferedReader.readLine()) != null){
            System.out.println(line);
        }

        //关闭外层流
        bufferedReader.close();

        System.out.println("读取成功");
        System.out.println("读取的编码格式为：" + CharSet);
    }

OutputSreamWriter

@Test
    public void write() throws IOException {
        String data = "你好";//若使用英文 则会写入UTF-8
        //指定写入的编码格式
        String CharSet = "GBK";
        String filePath = "E:\\t.txt";
        //创建字节流
        FileOutputStream fileOutputStream = new FileOutputStream(filePath);
        //创建转换处理流
        OutputStreamWriter outputStreamWriter = new OutputStreamWriter(fileOutputStream,CharSet);
        //创建包装处理流
        BufferedWriter bufferedWriter = new BufferedWriter(outputStreamWriter);

        bufferedWriter.write(data);

        //关闭外层流
        bufferedWriter.close();

        System.out.println("写入成功");
        System.out.println("写入的编码格式为：" + CharSet);
    }