SSM整合-(spring+spring mvc+Mybatis)

暮雨倦柳

已于 2023-06-29 09:21:23 修改

阅读量1k

点赞数 1

文章标签： spring mvc mybatis

于 2023-06-28 14:12:07 首次发布

本文链接：https://blog.csdn.net/NameBy/article/details/131432038

版权

介绍SSM框架<原理>
一、什么是SSM框架？
SSM框架是spring、spring MVC 、和mybatis框架的整合，是标准的MVC模式。SSM框架即是将SpringMVC框架、Spring框架、MyBatis框架整合使用。以简化在web开发中繁琐、重复的操作，让开发人员的精力专注于业务处理的开发上。标准的SSM框架有四层，分别是dao层（mapper），service层，controller层和View层。使用spring实现业务对象管理，使用spring MVC负责请求的转发和视图管理，mybatis作为数据对象的持久化引擎。

二、系统架构图

三、搭建步骤

SSM框架搭建实现步骤

（1）创建Web项目

创建项目包结构

引入相关jar文件

（2）修改web.xml文件

配置Spring MVC的前端控制器，指定Spring MVC配置文件位置（如下参考）

 <servlet>
    <servlet-name>springmvc</servlet-name>
    <servlet-class>org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet</servlet-class>
    <init-param>
      <param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>
      <param-value>classpath:springmvc.xml</param-value>
    </init-param>
    <load-on-startup>1</load-on-startup>
  </servlet>
  <servlet-mapping>
    <servlet-name>springmvc</servlet-name>
    <url-pattern>/</url-pattern>
  </servlet-mapping>

配置Spring框架的ContextLoaderListener（如下参考）

<context-param>
    <param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>
    <param-value>classpath:application.xml</param-value>
  </context-param>

配置字符编码过滤器（如下参考）

<!--乱码过滤-->
  <filter>
    <filter-name>encodingFilter</filter-name>
    <filter-class>org.springframework.web.filter.CharacterEncodingFilter</filter-class>
    <init-param>
      <param-name>encoding</param-name>
      <param-value>utf-8</param-value>
    </init-param>
  </filter>
  <filter-mapping>
    <filter-name>encodingFilter</filter-name>
    <url-pattern>/*</url-pattern>
  </filter-mapping>

配置web.xml完整代码（如下参考）

<!DOCTYPE web-app PUBLIC
 "-//Sun Microsystems, Inc.//DTD Web Application 2.3//EN"
 "http://java.sun.com/dtd/web-app_2_3.dtd" >

<web-app xmlns="http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee"
         xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
         xsi:schemaLocation="http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_4_0.xsd"
         version="4.0">
  <description>Archetype Created Web Application</description>

  <context-param>
    <param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>
    <param-value>classpath:application.xml</param-value>
  </context-param>


  <filter>
    <filter-name>encodingFilter</filter-name>
    <filter-class>
      org.springframework.web.filter.CharacterEncodingFilter
    </filter-class>
    <init-param>
      <param-name>encoding</param-name>
      <param-value>UTF-8</param-value>
    </init-param>
    <init-param>
      <param-name>forceEncoding</param-name>
      <param-value>true</param-value>
    </init-param>
  </filter>
  <filter-mapping>
    <filter-name>encodingFilter</filter-name>
    <url-pattern>/*</url-pattern>
  </filter-mapping>

  <servlet>
    <servlet-name>springmvc</servlet-name>
    <servlet-class>org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet</servlet-class>
    <init-param>
      <param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>
      <param-value>classpath:springmvc.xml</param-value>
    </init-param>
    <load-on-startup>1</load-on-startup>
  </servlet>
  <servlet-mapping>
    <servlet-name>springmvc</servlet-name>
    <url-pattern>/</url-pattern>
  </servlet-mapping>

  <listener>
    <listener-class>org.springframework.web.context.ContextLoaderListener</listener-class>
  </listener>

</web-app>

（3）编写配置文件

database.properties（如下参考）

driver=com.mysql.cj.jdbc.Driver
url=jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/bian_li_dian?useUnicode=true&characterEncoding=utf-8&serverTimezone=GMT-8
user=root
pwd=123456

applicationContext-mybatis.xml（如下参考）

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
       xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
       xmlns:aop="http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop"
       xmlns:p="http://www.springframework.org/schema/p"
       xmlns:tx="http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx"
       xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
       xsi:schemaLocation="
       http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd
       http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx/spring-tx.xsd
       http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop/spring-aop.xsd
       http://www.springframework.org/schema/context http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context.xsd
" >

    <!-- 加载属性文件 -->
    <context:property-placeholder location="classpath:database.properties"></context:property-placeholder>

    <!-- 配置数据源 -->
    <bean id="dataSource" class="org.apache.commons.dbcp2.BasicDataSource" destroy-method="close">
        <property name="driverClassName" value="${driver}"></property>
        <property name="url" value="${url}"></property>
        <property name="username" value="${user}"></property>
        <property name="password" value="${pwd}"></property>
    </bean>
    <!-- 整合sqlSessionFactory -->
    <bean id="sqlSessionFactory" class="org.mybatis.spring.SqlSessionFactoryBean">
        <property name="dataSource" ref="dataSource"></property>
        <property name="configLocation" value="classpath:mybatis.xml"></property>
        <property name="mapperLocations" value="classpath:mapper/*.xml"></property>
    </bean>

    <!-- 专门扫描mapper接口 -->
    <bean class="org.mybatis.spring.mapper.MapperScannerConfigurer">
        <property name="basePackage" value="com.xinxi2.mapper"></property>
    </bean>

    <!-- 扫描@component的 -->
    <context:component-scan base-package="com.xinxi2"></context:component-scan>

    <!-- 数据源事务管理器 ioc,指定管理的数据源 -->
    <bean id="txManager" class="org.springframework.jdbc.datasource.DataSourceTransactionManager" >
        <property name="dataSource" ref="dataSource"></property>
    </bean>

    <!-- 事务管理器增强，配置方法的事务传播机制 -->
    <tx:advice id="txAdvice" transaction-manager="txManager">
        <tx:attributes>
            <tx:method name="add*" propagation="REQUIRED"/>
            <tx:method name="update*" propagation="REQUIRED"/>
            <tx:method name="del*" propagation="REQUIRED"/>
            <tx:method name="get*" propagation="REQUIRED" read-only="true"/>
        </tx:attributes>
    </tx:advice>

    <aop:config>
        <aop:pointcut id="servicePointcut" expression="execution(* com.xinxi2.service..*.*(..))"/>
        <aop:advisor advice-ref="txAdvice" pointcut-ref="servicePointcut"></aop:advisor>
    </aop:config>

</beans>

mybatis-config.xml（如下参考）

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" ?>
<!DOCTYPE configuration
        PUBLIC "-//mybatis.org//DTD Config 3.0//EN"
        "http://mybatis.org/dtd/mybatis-3-config.dtd">
<configuration>

    <!-- 全局设置 -->
    <settings>
        <setting name="logImpl" value="LOG4J"/>
    </settings>

</configuration>

typeAliases

typeAliases是MyBatis中的别名处理器类，翻译过来就是别名的意思，自动扫描cn.com.hello.pojo下的类型(如下参考）


<typeAliases>
    <package name="cn.com.hello.pojo"/>
</typeAliases>

全局性懒加载

懒加载的目的是减少内存的浪费和减轻系统的负担

springmvc-servlet.xml（如下参考）

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
       xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
       xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
       xmlns:mvc="http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc"
       xsi:schemaLocation="
       http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
       http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd
       http://www.springframework.org/schema/context
       https://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context.xsd
       http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc
       https://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc/spring-mvc.xsd
">

    <context:component-scan base-package="com.xinxi2.controller,com.xinxi2.service"></context:component-scan>
    <!--Ajax 从controller到视图-->
    <mvc:annotation-driven>
        <mvc:message-converters>
            <bean class="org.springframework.http.converter.StringHttpMessageConverter">
                <property name="supportedMediaTypes">
                    <list>
                        <value>application/json;charset=UTF-8</value>
                        <value>text/html;charset=UTF-8</value>
                    </list>
                </property>
            </bean>
            <bean class="com.alibaba.fastjson.support.spring.FastJsonHttpMessageConverter">
                <property name="supportedMediaTypes">
                    <list>
                        <value>text/html;charset=UTF-8</value>
                        <value>application/json</value>
                    </list>
                </property>
                <property name="features">
                    <list>
                        <!-- Date的日期转换器 -->
                        <value>WriteDateUseDateFormat</value>
                    </list>
                </property>
            </bean>
        </mvc:message-converters>
    </mvc:annotation-driven>

    <!-- 配置多视图解析器 -->
    <bean id="contentNegotiationManager" class="org.springframework.web.accept.ContentNegotiationManagerFactoryBean">
        <!-- 是否启用参数支持，默认为true（支持），即xxx?format=json、xml等形式。 -->
        <property name="favorParameter" value="true" />
        <!-- favorPathExtension：是否支持扩展名，默认为true（支持），扩展名指xxx.json、xxx.xml等形式 -->
        <property name="favorPathExtension" value="true" />
        <!-- 默认ContentType -->
        <property name="defaultContentType" value="application/json" />
        <!-- 配置映射关系 -->
        <!--扩展名到MIME的映射；favorPathExtension, favorParameter是true时起作用  -->
        <property name= "mediaTypes">
            <value>
                json=application/json
                xml=application/xml
                html=text/html
            </value>
        </property>
    </bean>
    <!-- VIEW解析定义。内容协商视图解析器；根据contentNegotiationManager使用的不同mediaTypes决定不同的 view进行响应  默认使用json-->
    <bean class="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.ContentNegotiatingViewResolver">

        <!-- 内容协商管理器 用于决定media type -->
        <property name="contentNegotiationManager" ref="contentNegotiationManager"/>
        <!-- 默认视图 解析 -->
        <property name="defaultViews">
            <list>
                <bean class="com.alibaba.fastjson.support.spring.FastJsonJsonView">
                    <property name="charset" value="UTF-8"/>
                </bean>
            </list>
        </property>
        <property name="viewResolvers">
            <list>
                <bean class="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.InternalResourceViewResolver">
                    <property name="prefix" value="/WEB-INF/jsp/"/>
                    <property name="suffix" value=""/>
                </bean>
            </list>
        </property>
    </bean>

    <!-- 一般视图解析器 -->
<!--    <bean class="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.InternalResourceViewResolver">-->
<!--        <property name="prefix" value="/WEB-INF/jsp/"></property>-->
<!--        <property name="suffix" value=""></property>-->
<!--    </bean>-->

    <!-- 解决静态资源的加载问题 -->
    <mvc:resources mapping="/staticabc/**" location="/static/"></mvc:resources>


    <bean class="org.springframework.web.servlet.handler.SimpleMappingExceptionResolver">
        <property name="exceptionMappings">
            <props>
                <prop key="java.lang.RuntimeException">error.jsp</prop>
            </props>
        </property>
    </bean>

    <!-- 配置MultipartResolver，用于上传文件，使用spring的CommonsMultipartResolver -->
    <bean id="multipartResolver" class="org.springframework.web.multipart.commons.CommonsMultipartResolver">
        <property name="maxUploadSize" value="5000000"/>
        <property name="defaultEncoding" value="UTF-8"/>
    </bean>

<!--    <mvc:interceptors>-->
<!--        <mvc:interceptor>-->
<!--            <mvc:mapping path="/hello/**"/>-->
<!--            <mvc:exclude-mapping path="/hello/hello04"/>-->
<!--            <bean class="com.interceptor.LoginInterceptor"></bean>-->
<!--        </mvc:interceptor>-->
<!--    </mvc:interceptors>-->


</beans>

log4j.properties（如下参考）

log4j.rootLogger=DEBUG,CONSOLE,file
#log4j.rootLogger=ERROR,ROLLING_FILE
log4j.logger.cn.smbms.dao=debug
log4j.logger.com.ibatis=debug 
log4j.logger.com.ibatis.common.jdbc.SimpleDataSource=debug 
log4j.logger.com.ibatis.common.jdbc.ScriptRunner=debug 
log4j.logger.com.ibatis.sqlmap.engine.impl.SqlMapClientDelegate=debug 
log4j.logger.java.sql.Connection=debug 
log4j.logger.java.sql.Statement=debug 
log4j.logger.java.sql.PreparedStatement=debug 
log4j.logger.java.sql.ResultSet=debug 
log4j.logger.org.tuckey.web.filters.urlrewrite.UrlRewriteFilter=debug

######################################################################################
# Console Appender  \u65e5\u5fd7\u5728\u63a7\u5236\u8f93\u51fa\u914d\u7f6e
######################################################################################
log4j.appender.CONSOLE=org.apache.log4j.ConsoleAppender
log4j.appender.Threshold=error
log4j.appender.CONSOLE.Target=System.out
log4j.appender.CONSOLE.layout=org.apache.log4j.PatternLayout
log4j.appender.CONSOLE.layout.ConversionPattern= [%p] %d %c - %m%n


######################################################################################
# DailyRolling File  \u6bcf\u5929\u4ea7\u751f\u4e00\u4e2a\u65e5\u5fd7\u6587\u4ef6\uff0c\u6587\u4ef6\u540d\u683c\u5f0f:log2009-09-11
######################################################################################
log4j.appender.file=org.apache.log4j.DailyRollingFileAppender
log4j.appender.file.DatePattern=yyyy-MM-dd
log4j.appender.file.File=log.log
log4j.appender.file.Append=true
log4j.appender.file.Threshold=error
log4j.appender.file.layout=org.apache.log4j.PatternLayout
log4j.appender.file.layout.ConversionPattern=%d{yyyy-M-d HH:mm:ss}%x[%5p](%F:%L) %m%n


log4j.logger.com.opensymphony.xwork2=error

（4）创建详细包结构

四、SSM框架示例

以下是一个简单的SSM框架代码示例，包括了Spring、SpringMVC和MyBatis的集成：

Spring配置文件（spring-context.xml）

<!-- 数据库连接配置 -->
<bean id="dataSource" class="org.apache.commons.dbcp.BasicDataSource">
    <property name="driverClassName" value="${jdbc.driver}" />
    <property name="url" value="${jdbc.url}" />
    <property name="username" value="${jdbc.username}" />
    <property name="password" value="${jdbc.password}" />
</bean>

<!-- MyBatis配置 -->
<bean id="sqlSessionFactory" class="org.mybatis.spring.SqlSessionFactoryBean">
    <property name="dataSource" ref="dataSource" />
    <property name="mapperLocations" value="classpath*:mapper/*.xml" />
</bean>

<!-- 扫描Mapper接口 -->
<bean class="org.mybatis.spring.mapper.MapperScannerConfigurer">
    <property name="basePackage" value="com.example.mapper" />
</bean>

<!-- Service组件扫描 -->
<context:component-scan base-package="com.example.service" />

<!-- 配置事务管理器 -->
<bean id="transactionManager" class="org.springframework.jdbc.datasource.DataSourceTransactionManager">
    <property name="dataSource" ref="dataSource" />
</bean>

<!-- 启用事务管理 -->
<tx:annotation-driven transaction-manager="transactionManager" />

<!-- 加载外部属性文件 -->
<context:property-placeholder location="classpath:jdbc.properties" />

SpringMVC配置文件（spring-mvc.xml）

<!-- 开启SpringMVC注解处理器 -->
<mvc:annotation-driven />

<!-- 静态资源映射 -->
<mvc:resources mapping="/resources/**" location="/resources/" />

<!-- 设置视图解析器 -->
<bean id="viewResolver" class="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.InternalResourceViewResolver">
    <property name="prefix" value="/WEB-INF/views/" />
    <property name="suffix" value=".jsp" />
</bean>

<!-- Controller组件扫描 -->
<context:component-scan base-package="com.example.controller" />

MyBatis Mapper接口示例（UserMapper.java）

@Repository
public interface UserMapper {
    @Select("SELECT * FROM users WHERE id = #{id}")
    User getUserById(Long id);

    @Insert("INSERT INTO users(username, password) VALUES(#{username}, #{password})")
    @Options(useGeneratedKeys = true, keyProperty = "id")
    int insertUser(User user);
}

Spring Service组件示例（UserService.java）

@Service
@Transactional
public class UserService {
    @Autowired
    private UserMapper userMapper;

    public User getUserById(Long id) {
        return userMapper.getUserById(id);
    }

    public int insertUser(User user) {
        return userMapper.insertUser(user);
    }
}

SpringMVC Controller示例（UserController.java）

@Controller
@RequestMapping("/user")
public class UserController {
    @Autowired
    private UserService userService;

    @RequestMapping("/{id}")
    public String getUserById(@PathVariable("id") Long id, Model model) {
        User user = userService.getUserById(id);
        model.addAttribute("user", user);
        return "user";
    }

    @RequestMapping(value = "/add", method = RequestMethod.POST)
    public String addUser(@ModelAttribute("user") User user) {
        userService.insertUser(user);
        return "redirect:/user/" + user.getId();
    }
}