Android App开发学习第十五天：ViewPager的简单使用

概述

ViewPager就是一个简单的页面切换组件，可以往里面填充多个View,然后可以通过滑动来切换到不同的View,它和ListView、GridView一样需要适配器，对于ViewPager有一个特定的适配器PagerAdapter。
然后根据官方推荐，填充的View最好使用Fragment，方便管理。对于Fragment也有两个特定的适配器FragmentPagerAdapter和FragmentStatePagerAadapter。

对于FragmentPagerAdapter而言最多只能加载三个页面，即当有页面1，2，3，4时：
若处在页面1，则只加载页面1，2
若处在页面2，则只加载页面1，2，3
若处在页面3，则销毁页面1，加载页面2，3，4
若处在页面4，则销毁页面2，加载页面3，4

对于FragmentStatePagerAdapter而言，当Fragment不为用户所见时，该Fragment会被销毁，并保存Frament的状态，当要显示该Fragment时再生成新的页面。

PagerAdapter的使用

使用PagerAdaper实现三个Activity的切换
创建三个view_num.xml
如：view_one.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<LinearLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
    android:orientation="vertical"
    android:layout_width="match_parent"
    android:layout_height="match_parent"
    android:gravity="center"
    android:background="#00ff00">

    <TextView
        android:id="@+id/view_one"
        android:layout_width="match_parent"
        android:layout_height="wrap_content"
        android:text="这是第一个界面"
        android:gravity="center_horizontal"
        android:textStyle="bold"
        android:textSize="26sp"
        android:textColor="#ff0000"/>

</LinearLayout>

main_activity.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<LinearLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
    xmlns:app="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res-auto"
    xmlns:tools="http://schemas.android.com/tools"
    android:layout_width="match_parent"
    android:layout_height="match_parent"
    tools:context=".MainActivity">

    <androidx.viewpager.widget.ViewPager
        android:id="@+id/vpager_one"
        android:layout_height="match_parent"
        android:layout_width="match_parent"/>

</LinearLayout>

自定义适配器MyPagerAdapter

package com.example.adapter;

import android.view.View;
import android.view.ViewGroup;
import android.widget.ListView;

import androidx.annotation.NonNull;
import androidx.viewpager.widget.PagerAdapter;

import java.util.List;

public class MyPagerAdapter extends PagerAdapter {
    private List<View> list;

    public MyPagerAdapter() {
    }

    public MyPagerAdapter(List<View> list) {
        super();
        this.list = list;
    }

    @Override
    public int getCount() {
        return list.size();
    }

    @Override
    public boolean isViewFromObject(@NonNull View view, @NonNull Object object) {
        return view==object;
    }

    @Override
    public void destroyItem(@NonNull ViewGroup container, int position, @NonNull Object object) {
        container.removeView(list.get(position));
    }

    @NonNull
    @Override
    public Object instantiateItem(@NonNull ViewGroup container, int position) {
        container.addView(list.get(position));
        return list.get(position);
    }
}

MainActivity

package com.example;

import androidx.appcompat.app.AppCompatActivity;
import androidx.viewpager.widget.ViewPager;

import android.os.Bundle;
import android.view.LayoutInflater;
import android.view.View;

import com.example.adapter.MyPagerAdapter;

import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.List;

public class MainActivity extends AppCompatActivity {

    private ViewPager vpager_one;
    private List<View> list;
    private MyPagerAdapter myPagerAdapter;
    @Override
    protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
        super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
        setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);
        vpager_one = findViewById(R.id.vpager_one);

        list = new ArrayList<View>();
        LayoutInflater li = getLayoutInflater();
        list.add(li.inflate(R.layout.view_one,null,false));
        list.add(li.inflate(R.layout.view_two,null,false));
        list.add(li.inflate(R.layout.view_three,null,false));
        myPagerAdapter = new MyPagerAdapter(list);
        vpager_one.setAdapter(myPagerAdapter);

    }
}

标题栏——PagerTitleStrip与PagerTabStrip

PagerTabStrip有下划线，PagerTitleStrip没有
实现切换页面的同时切换标题
activity_two.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<LinearLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
    xmlns:app="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res-auto"
    xmlns:tools="http://schemas.android.com/tools"
    android:layout_width="match_parent"
    android:layout_height="match_parent"
    android:orientation="vertical"
    tools:context=".MainActivity">
    <TextView
        android:layout_width="match_parent"
        android:layout_height="48dp"
        android:background="#CCFF99"
        android:gravity="center"
        android:text="PagerTitleStrip效果演示"
        android:textColor="#000000"
        android:textSize="26sp"/>

    <androidx.viewpager.widget.ViewPager
        android:id="@+id/vpager_two"
        android:layout_height="match_parent"
        android:layout_width="match_parent">

        <androidx.viewpager.widget.PagerTitleStrip
            android:id="@+id/pagertitle"
            android:layout_width="wrap_content"
            android:layout_height="40dp"
            android:layout_gravity="top"/>
    </androidx.viewpager.widget.ViewPager>


</LinearLayout>

activity_three.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<LinearLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
    xmlns:app="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res-auto"
    xmlns:tools="http://schemas.android.com/tools"
    android:layout_width="match_parent"
    android:layout_height="match_parent"
    android:orientation="vertical"
    tools:context=".MainActivity">
    <TextView
        android:layout_width="match_parent"
        android:layout_height="48dp"
        android:background="#CCFF99"
        android:gravity="center"
        android:text="PagerTitleTab效果演示"
        android:textColor="#000000"
        android:textSize="26sp"/>

    <androidx.viewpager.widget.ViewPager
        android:id="@+id/vpager_two"
        android:layout_height="match_parent"
        android:layout_width="match_parent">

        <androidx.viewpager.widget.PagerTabStrip
            android:id="@+id/pagertitle"
            android:layout_width="wrap_content"
            android:layout_height="40dp"
            android:layout_gravity="top"/>

    </androidx.viewpager.widget.ViewPager>

</LinearLayout>

三个view_num.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<LinearLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
    android:orientation="vertical"
    android:layout_width="match_parent"
    android:layout_height="match_parent"
    android:gravity="center"
    android:background="#00ff00">

    <TextView
        android:id="@+id/view_one"
        android:layout_width="match_parent"
        android:layout_height="wrap_content"
        android:text="这是第一个界面"
        android:gravity="center_horizontal"
        android:textStyle="bold"
        android:textSize="26sp"
        android:textColor="#ff0000"/>

</LinearLayout>

自定义适配器，重写 getPageTitle(int position)方法

package com.example.adapter;

import android.view.View;
import android.view.ViewGroup;

import androidx.annotation.NonNull;
import androidx.annotation.Nullable;
import androidx.viewpager.widget.PagerAdapter;

import java.util.List;

public class MyPagerAdapter2 extends PagerAdapter {
    private List<View> list;
    private List<String> titleList;

    public MyPagerAdapter2() {
    }

    public MyPagerAdapter2(List<View> list,List<String> titleList) {
        super();
        this.list = list;
        this.titleList = titleList;
    }

    @Nullable
    @Override
    public CharSequence getPageTitle(int position) {
        return titleList.get(position);
    }

    @Override
    public int getCount() {
        return list.size();
    }

    @Override
    public boolean isViewFromObject(@NonNull View view, @NonNull Object object) {
        return view==object;
    }

    @Override
    public void destroyItem(@NonNull ViewGroup container, int position, @NonNull Object object) {
        container.removeView(list.get(position));
    }

    @NonNull
    @Override
    public Object instantiateItem(@NonNull ViewGroup container, int position) {
        container.addView(list.get(position));
        return list.get(position);
    }
}

MainActivity，加载的是activity_two布局

package com.example;

import androidx.appcompat.app.AppCompatActivity;
import androidx.viewpager.widget.ViewPager;

import android.os.Bundle;
import android.view.LayoutInflater;
import android.view.View;

import com.example.adapter.MyPagerAdapter;
import com.example.adapter.MyPagerAdapter2;

import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.List;

public class MainActivity extends AppCompatActivity {

    private ViewPager vpager_two;
    private List<View> list;
    private List<String> sTitleList;
    private MyPagerAdapter2 myPagerAdapter2;
    @Override
    protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
        super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
        setContentView(R.layout.activity_two);
        vpager_two = findViewById(R.id.vpager_two);

        list = new ArrayList<View>();
        sTitleList = new ArrayList<>();
        LayoutInflater li = getLayoutInflater();
        list.add(li.inflate(R.layout.view_one,null,false));
        list.add(li.inflate(R.layout.view_two,null,false));
        list.add(li.inflate(R.layout.view_three,null,false));
        sTitleList.add("橘黄");
        sTitleList.add("淡黄");
        sTitleList.add("浅棕");
        myPagerAdapter2 = new MyPagerAdapter2(list,sTitleList);
        vpager_two.setAdapter(myPagerAdapter2);
    }
}