在之前的两章中,已经对LED的纯汇编语言和C语言两种点灯方式进行了介绍。这一章主要讲的是将NXP官方提供的头文件移植进工程中,并在此中进行调用。
参考STM32寄存器定义方法的IMX6ULL寄存器定义
首先定义各寄存器组的基地址,其中最为重要的便是
- CCM、CCM_ANALOG(时钟);
- IOMUX_SW_MUX(IO复用);
- IOMUX_SW_PAD(IO电气属性设置);
- 5组GPIO各自的寄存器设置(GPIO1~GPIO5);
/*
* 定义:外设寄存器组的基地址
*/
#define CCM_BASE (0X020C4000)
#define CCM_ANALOG_BASE (0X020C8000)
#define IOMUX_SW_MUX_BASE (0X020E0014)
#define IOMUX_SW_PAD_BASE (0X020E0204)
#define GPIO1_BASE (0x0209C000)
#define GPIO2_BASE (0x020A0000)
#define GPIO3_BASE (0x020A4000)
#define GPIO4_BASE (0x020A8000)
#define GPIO5_BASE (0x020AC000)
/*
* 外设指针:即重定义,此后可通过外设指针直接访问各寄存器,
* 以此实现更为简单的寄存器访问,而不需要自定义一大堆。
* !!!这种操作很像微机里的寄存器基址变址寻址方式
*/
#define CCM ((CCM_Type *)CCM_BASE)
#define CCM_ANALOG ((CCM_ANALOG_Type *)CCM_ANALOG_BASE)
#define IOMUX_SW_MUX ((IOMUX_SW_MUX_Type *)IOMUX_SW_MUX_BASE)
#define IOMUX_SW_PAD ((IOMUX_SW_PAD_Type *)IOMUX_SW_PAD_BASE)
#define GPIO1 ((GPIO_Type *)GPIO1_BASE)
#define GPIO2 ((GPIO_Type *)GPIO2_BASE)
#define GPIO3 ((GPIO_Type *)GPIO3_BASE)
#define GPIO4 ((GPIO_Type *)GPIO4_BASE)
#define GPIO5 ((GPIO_Type *)GPIO5_BASE)
然后对各结构体进行定义,如下例子:
```c
/*
* CCM寄存器结构体定义,分为CCM和CCM_ANALOG
*/
typedef struct
{
volatile unsigned int CCR;
volatile unsigned int CCDR;
volatile unsigned int CSR;
volatile unsigned int CCSR;
volatile unsigned int CACRR;
volatile unsigned int CBCDR;
volatile unsigned int CBCMR;
volatile unsigned int CSCMR1;
volatile unsigned int CSCMR2;
volatile unsigned int CSCDR1;
volatile unsigned int CS1CDR;
volatile unsigned int CS2CDR;
volatile unsigned int CDCDR;
volatile unsigned int CHSCCDR;
volatile unsigned int CSCDR2;
volatile unsigned int CSCDR3;
volatile unsigned int RESERVED_1[2];
volatile unsigned int CDHIPR;
volatile unsigned int RESERVED_2[2];
volatile unsigned int CLPCR;
volatile unsigned int CISR;
volatile unsigned int CIMR;
volatile unsigned int CCOSR;
volatile unsigned int CGPR;
volatile unsigned int CCGR0;
volatile unsigned int CCGR1;
volatile unsigned int CCGR2;
volatile unsigned int CCGR3;
volatile unsigned int CCGR4;
volatile unsigned int CCGR5;
volatile unsigned int CCGR6;
volatile unsigned int RESERVED_3[1];
volatile unsigned int CMEOR;
} CCM_Type;
以下定义同上,省略内部细节寄存器定义
typedef struct
{
...
} CCM_ANALOG_Type;
/*
* IOMUX寄存器组(MUX+PAD)
*/
typedef struct
{
...
}IOMUX_SW_MUX_Type;
typedef struct
{
...
}IOMUX_SW_PAD_Type;
/*
* GPIO寄存器结构体
*/
typedef struct
{
...
}GPIO_Type;
通过此项操作之后,之前写入寄存器方式是直接定义到寄存器的最准确的地址。
/*定义配置时钟的寄存器地址*/
#define CCM_CCGR0 *((volatile unsigned long*)0X020C4068)
CCM_CCGR1 = 0xFFFFFFFF;
/*IOMUX寄存器地址 (配置IO复用/功能的东西)*/
#define SW_MUX_GPIO1_IO03 *((volatile unsigned int *)0X020E0068)
#define SW_PAD_GPIO1_IO03 *((volatile unsigned int *)0X020E02f4)
SW_MUX_GPIO1_IO03 =0x5; //GPIO复用为GPIO1_IO03
SW_PAD_GPIO1_IO03 =0x10B0; //配置GPIO1_IO03的电气属性
/*GPIO1寄存器配置*/
#define GPIO1_DR *((volatile unsigned int *)0X0209C000)
#define GPIO1_GDIR *((volatile unsigned int *)0X0209C004)
#define GPIO1_PSR *((volatile unsigned int *)0X0209C008)
#define GPIO1_ICR1 *((volatile unsigned int *)0X0209C00C)
#define GPIO1_ICR2 *((volatile unsigned int *)0X0209C010)
#define GPIO1_IMR *((volatile unsigned int *)0X0209C014)
#define GPIO1_ISR *((volatile unsigned int *)0X0209C018)
#define GPIO1_EDGE_SEL *((volatile unsigned int *)0X0209C01C)
GPIO1_GDIR = 0x8; //设置为输出模式
GPIO1_DR = 0x0; //默认打开LED灯
此后便是通过定义基址,然后通过外设指针重定义后,访问结构体里面的变量从而实现读写寄存器。这样的操作会使程序的复用性更高,普遍适用性更强。
#define CCM_BASE (0X020C4000)
CCM->CCGR0 = 0xFFFFFFFF;
#define IOMUX_SW_MUX_BASE (0X020E0014)
#define IOMUX_SW_PAD_BASE (0X020E0204)
IOMUX_SW_MUX->GPIO1_IO03 =0x5; //GPIO复用为GPIO1_IO03
IOMUX_SW_PAD->GPIO1_IO03 =0x10B0; //配置GPIO1_IO03的电气属性
#define GPIO1 ((GPIO_Type *)GPIO1_BASE)
GPIO1->GDIR = 0x8; //设置为输出模式
GPIO1->DR = 0x0; //默认打开LED灯
STM32寄存器操作类比方式总结
在这种访问寄存器的方式中,其步骤如下:
1.定义最常使用的寄存器基地址(CCM、CCM_Analog,IOMUX_SW_MUX/PAD、GPIOx)等;
2.对各基地址所对应内部的各寄存器进行定义,生成以下寄存器结构体。
CCM_Type,
CCM_Analog_Type,
IOMUX_SW_MUX_Type,
IOMUX_SW_PAD_Type,
GPIOx_Type,
3.通过外设指针设置重定义,并方便之后的结构体指针访问寄存器操作。
#define CCM ((CCM_Type *)CCM_BASE)
#define CCM_ANALOG ((CCM_ANALOG_Type *)CCM_ANALOG_BASE)
#define IOMUX_SW_MUX ((IOMUX_SW_MUX_Type *)IOMUX_SW_MUX_BASE)
#define IOMUX_SW_PAD ((IOMUX_SW_PAD_Type *)IOMUX_SW_PAD_BASE)
#define GPIOx ((GPIO_Type *)GPIOx_BASE)
4.之后通过函数调用结构体指针,即可实现寄存器读写。
CCM->CCGR0 = 0xFFFFFFFF; //时钟设置
IOMUX_SW_MUX->GPIO1_IO03 =0x5; //GPIO复用为GPIO1_IO03
IOMUX_SW_PAD->GPIO1_IO03 =0x10B0; //配置GPIO1_IO03的电气属性
GPIO1->GDIR = 0x8; //设置为输出模式
参考NXP官方SDK的IMX6ULL寄存器定义
把参考STM32寄存器操作和NXP官方SDK放在一起的目的就是,两者的共同性特别强。将NXP官方SDK里的
- fsl_common.h (通用宏定义)
- fsl_iomuxc.h (通用寄存器地址)
- MCIMX6Y2.h (寄存器结构体和位定义)
- 自定义文件 cc.h
移植过来,即能够将所有的GPIO定义收入囊中。并且需要自定义一些类型以供后续使用。
/*
* cc.h:自定义一些数据类型供库文件使用
*/
#define __I volatile
#define __O volatile
#define __IO volatile
typedef signed char int8_t;
typedef signed short int int16_t;
typedef signed int int32_t;
typedef unsigned char uint8_t;
typedef unsigned short int uint16_t;
typedef unsigned int uint32_t;
typedef unsigned long long uint64_t;
typedef signed char s8;
typedef signed short int s16;
typedef signed int s32;
typedef signed long long int s64;
typedef unsigned char u8;
typedef unsigned short int u16;
typedef unsigned int u32;
typedef unsigned long long int u64;