poj1195详解——二维树状数组

Mobile phones

Time Limit: 5000MS		Memory Limit: 65536K
Total Submissions: 21923		Accepted: 10197

Description

Suppose that the fourth generation mobile phone base stations in the Tampere area operate as follows. The area is divided into squares. The squares form an S * S matrix with the rows and columns numbered from 0 to S-1. Each square contains a base station. The number of active mobile phones inside a square can change because a phone is moved from a square to another or a phone is switched on or off. At times, each base station reports the change in the number of active phones to the main base station along with the row and the column of the matrix.

Write a program, which receives these reports and answers queries about the current total number of active mobile phones in any rectangle-shaped area.

Input

The input is read from standard input as integers and the answers to the queries are written to standard output as integers. The input is encoded as follows. Each input comes on a separate line, and consists of one instruction integer and a number of parameter integers according to the following table.

The values will always be in range, so there is no need to check them. In particular, if A is negative, it can be assumed that it will not reduce the square value below zero. The indexing starts at 0, e.g. for a table of size 4 * 4, we have 0 <= X <= 3 and 0 <= Y <= 3.

Table size: 1 * 1 <= S * S <= 1024 * 1024
Cell value V at any time: 0 <= V <= 32767
Update amount: -32768 <= A <= 32767
No of instructions in input: 3 <= U <= 60002
Maximum number of phones in the whole table: M= 2^30

Output

Your program should not answer anything to lines with an instruction other than 2. If the instruction is 2, then your program is expected to answer the query by writing the answer as a single line containing a single integer to standard output.

Sample Input

0 4
1 1 2 3
2 0 0 2 2 
1 1 1 2
1 1 2 -1
2 1 1 2 3 
3

Sample Output

3
4

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题意：（0 4）建立4*4的矩阵赋值为0；（1 1 2 3）1操作坐标（1，2）的增加3；（2 0 0 2 2）2操作（0，0）到（2，2）的和。3操作，结束。

其实理解树状数组之后，真的比暴力容易的多，因为非常公式化，也没什么圈子。二维的不过是在一维基础上加上一部分减去一部分。

#include<cstdio>
#include<cstring>
#include<algorithm>
#define lowbit(x) (x&(-x))
using namespace std;
typedef long long ll;
const int N=1024+10;
int arr[N][N];
int x,s;
void build(int a,int b,int c)
{
    for(int i=a;i<=s;i+=lowbit(i))
    for(int j=b;j<=s;j+=lowbit(j))
        arr[i][j]+=c;
    return ;
}
int get_sum(int a,int b)
{
    int res=0;
    for(int i=a;i>=1;i-=lowbit(i))
    for(int j=b;j>=1;j-=lowbit(j))
        res+=arr[i][j];
    return res;
}

int main()
{
    //freopen("in.txt","r",stdin);
    //freopen("out.txt","w",stdout);

    scanf("%d%d",&x,&s);
    memset(arr,0,sizeof(arr));
    int k,a,b,c,d;
    while(scanf("%d",&k)==1&&k!=3){
        if(k==1){
            scanf("%d%d%d",&a,&b,&c);
            build(a+1,b+1,c);
        }
        else{
            scanf("%d%d%d%d",&a,&b,&c,&d);
            a++;b++;
            c++;d++;
            int res=get_sum(c,d)-get_sum(c,b-1)-get_sum(a-1,d)+get_sum(a-1,b-1);
            printf("%d\n",res);
        }
    }
    return 0;
}

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