C++实验八——类的继承（2）

【实验名称】 实验八 类的继承（2）
【实验内容】

题目1

正确使用类的继承和组合进行类的设计，分别表示房间、休息室、教室、投影仪，沙发，为每个类设置适当的成员变量、成员函数和构造函数，在主程序中生成对象进行测试。

源代码：
Room.cpp:

#include<iostream>
using namespace std;
enum Color{ red,orange,yellow,green,cyan,blue,purple,white,black };

/**房间类*/
class Room{
public:
    Room(){}
    Room(string name , double length , double width , double height , enum Color color);
    void showRoom();  ///显示房间成员变量函数的声明
    double decorateRoom();   ///房间装修函数的声明

    string name;  /**名字*/
    double length; /**长度*/
    double width;  /**宽度*/
    double height; /**高度*/
    enum Color color;  /**颜色*/
};

    ///Room类带参数的构造函数
    Room::Room(string name , double length , double width , double height , enum Color color){
        this->name = name;
        this->length = length;
        this->width = width;
        this->height = height;
        this->color = color;
    }

    ///房间装修函数的实现
    double Room::decorateRoom(){
        cout<<"进行"<<name<<"刷墙漆装修："<<endl;
        double paintPrice;  ///油漆价格
        double area;  ///房间四周面积
        area = 2* length * height + 2* width * height + length * width;
        cout<<"输出长宽乘积："<<length*width<<endl;
        paintPrice = area * 20;
        cout<<name<<"四周的面积为："<<area<<"平方米，最后刷油漆所花的钱为："<<paintPrice<<endl;
        return paintPrice;
    }

    ///显示房间成员变量函数的实现
    void Room::showRoom(){
        cout<<name<<"的长度是："<<length<<"米"<<endl;
        cout<<name<<"的宽度是："<<width<<"米"<<endl;
        cout<<name<<"的高度是："<<height<<"米"<<endl;
        cout<<name<<"的颜色是：";
        switch(color){
            case 0: cout<<"红色"<<endl; break;
            case 1: cout<<"橙色"<<endl; break;
            case 2: cout<<"黄色"<<endl; break;
            case 3: cout<<"绿色"<<endl; break;
            case 4: cout<<"青色"<<endl; break;
            case 5: cout<<"蓝色"<<endl; break;
            case 6: cout<<"紫色"<<endl; break;
            case 7: cout<<"白色"<<endl; break;
            case 8: cout<<"黑色"<<endl; break;
            default:cout<<"输入的颜色不正确"<<endl; break;
        }
}

Projector.cpp:

#include<iostream>
using namespace std;
/**投影仪类*/
class Projector{
public:
    Projector(){}
    Projector(double projectorPrice , string brand){
        this->projectorPrice = projectorPrice;
        this->brand = brand;
    }
    void showProjector(){
        cout<<"投影仪的价格是："<<projectorPrice<<endl;
        cout<<"投影仪的品牌是："<<brand<<"元"<<endl;
    }
    double projectorPrice; /**投影仪价格*/
    string brand;  /**品牌*/
};

Classroom.cpp:

#include<iostream>

using namespace std;

/**教室类*/
class Classroom:public Room{
public:
    Classroom(){}
    Classroom(string name , double length , double width , double height , enum Color color , Projector projector):Room(name,length,width,height,color){
        this->projector.projectorPrice = projector.projectorPrice;
        this->projector.brand = projector.brand;
    }
    void decorateClassroom();  ///装修教室
    void showClassroom();  ///显示教室信息

    Projector projector;  ///投影仪
};
    ///装修教室
    void Classroom::decorateClassroom(){
        double paintPrice = decorateRoom();
        cout<<"投影仪的价格是："<<projector.projectorPrice<<"元"<<endl;
        cout<<name<<"装修的总价格是："<<paintPrice + projector.projectorPrice<<"元"<<endl;
    }
    ///显示教室信息
    void Classroom::showClassroom(){
        showRoom();
        projector.showProjector();
    }

Sofa.cpp:

#include<iostream>
#ifndef Sofa_cpp
#define Sofa_cpp
using namespace std;

enum Color2{ red2,orange2,yellow2,green2,cyan2,blue2,purple2,white2,black2 };

/**沙发类*/
class Sofa{
public:
    Sofa(){}
    Sofa(double length , double width , double height , double sofaPrice , enum Color2 color  , string brand , string texture){
    this->length = length;
    this->width = width;
    this->height = height;
    this->sofaPrice = sofaPrice;
    this->color = color;
    this->brand = brand;
    this->texture = texture;
    }

    void showSofa(){    ///显示沙发的成员变量信息
        cout<<"沙发的长度是："<<length<<"米"<<endl;
        cout<<"沙发的宽度是："<<width<<"米"<<endl;
        cout<<"沙发的长度是："<<height<<"米"<<endl;
        cout<<"沙发的价格是："<<sofaPrice<<"元"<<endl;
        cout<<"沙发的颜色是：";
        switch(color){
            case 0: cout<<"红色"<<endl; break;
            case 1: cout<<"橙色"<<endl; break;
            case 2: cout<<"黄色"<<endl; break;
            case 3: cout<<"绿色"<<endl; break;
            case 4: cout<<"青色"<<endl; break;
            case 5: cout<<"蓝色"<<endl; break;
            case 6: cout<<"紫色"<<endl; break;
            case 7: cout<<"白色"<<endl; break;
            case 8: cout<<"黑色"<<endl; break;
            default:cout<<"输入的颜色不正确"<<endl; break;
        }
        cout<<"沙发的品牌是："<<brand<<endl;
        cout<<"沙发的材质是："<<texture<<endl;
    }

    double length; /**长度*/
    double width;  /**宽度*/
    double height; /**高度*/
    double sofaPrice; ///沙发价格
    enum Color2 color;  /**颜色*/
    string brand;  /**品牌*/
    string texture; /**材质*/
};

#endif // Sofa_cpp

Lounge.cpp:

#include<iostream>
#include"Sofa.cpp"
#include"Room.cpp"
using namespace std;

/**休息室类*/
class Lounge:public Room{
public:
    Lounge(){}
    Lounge(string name , double length , double width , double height , enum Color color , Sofa &s):Room(name,length,width,height,color){
        sofa.length = s.length;
        sofa.width = s.width;
        sofa.height = s.height;
        sofa.sofaPrice = s.sofaPrice;
        sofa.color = s.color;
        sofa.brand = s.brand;
        sofa.texture = s.texture;
    }

    void decorateLounge(){
        double paintPrice = decorateRoom();
        cout<<"沙发的价格是："<<sofa.sofaPrice<<"元"<<endl;
        cout<<name<<"装修的总价格是："<<paintPrice + sofa.sofaPrice<<"元"<<endl;
    }

    void showLounge(){  ///显示休息室的成员变量信息
        showRoom();
        sofa.showSofa();
    }

    Sofa sofa;
};

Main.cpp:

#include<iostream>
#include"Lounge.cpp"
#include"Sofa.cpp"
#include"Projector.cpp"
#include"Classroom.cpp"
using namespace std;

int main(){
    Projector pro(/**价格*/2000,"索尼");
    Sofa s(/**长*/ 2 , /**宽*/ 0.5 ,/**高*/ 0.4 , /**价格*/ 1000 ,/**颜色*/ red2 ,/**品牌*/ "全友" ,/**材质*/ "真皮");
    Classroom classroom("教室",/**长*/ 8 ,/**宽*/ 6.5,/**高*/ 3,/**颜色*/ white ,/**投影仪*/ pro);
    Lounge lounge("休息室",/**长*/ 6.5,/**宽*/ 5.5,/**高*/ 2.5,/**紫色*/ purple,/**沙发*/ s);
    classroom.showClassroom();
    classroom.decorateClassroom();
    cout<<endl;
    lounge.showLounge();
    lounge.decorateLounge();
    return 0;
}

【实验结果】

题目2

正确使用类的继承进行类的设计，分别表示家具、沙发、床、沙发床，为每个类设置适当的成员变量、成员函数和构造函数，正确使用虚基类，在主程序中生成对象进行测试。

Furniture.cpp

#ifndef Furniture_
#define Furniture_

#include <iostream>

using namespace std;

class Furniture{
public:
    Furniture(){}
    Furniture(float length,float width,float height,string type,int price,string texture):length(length),width(width),height(height),price(price),type(type),texture(texture){}
    /**Furniture1(float length,float width,float height,string type,int price,string texture){
    this->length=length;
    this->width=width;
    this->height=height;
    this->price=price;
    this->type=type;
    this->texture=texture;
    }*/
	string getType(){ return type; }
	float getLength(){ return length; }
	float getWidth(){ return width; }
	float getHeight(){ return height; }
	int getPrice(){ return price; }
	string getTexture(){ return texture; }

	void virtual showFurniture()  ///显示家具属性
	{
	    cout<<type<<"的长度是"<<length<<"厘米"<<endl;
	    cout<<type<<"的宽度是"<<width<<"厘米"<<endl;
	    cout<<type<<"的高度是"<<height<<"厘米"<<endl;
	    cout<<type<<"的价格是"<<length<<"元"<<endl;
	    cout<<type<<"的材质是"<<texture<<endl;
	}

	float length;  ///长度
	float width;   ///宽度
	float height;  ///高度
	string type; ///类型
	int price;   ///价格
	string texture;  ///材质
};

#endif // Furniture_

Sofa.cpp

#ifndef Sofa_
#define Sofa_

#include <iostream>
#include"Furniture.cpp"
using namespace std;

class Sofa:virtual public Furniture{
public:
    Sofa(){}
	Sofa(string seat,float length,float width,float height,string type,int price,string texture):Furniture(length,width,height,type,price,texture),seat(seat){}
	string getSeat(){return seat;}

	///显示沙发属性
	void showSofa()
	{
        showFurniture();
        cout<<type<<"能用来"<<seat<<endl;
	}

	string seat;
};

#endif // Sofa_

Bed.cpp

#ifndef Bed_
#define Bed_
#include <iostream>
#include<windows.h>
#include"Furniture.cpp"
using namespace std;

class Bed:virtual public Furniture{
public:
    Bed(){}
	Bed(string sleep,float length,float width,float height,string type,int price,string texture):Furniture(length,width,height,type,price,texture),sleep(sleep){}
	string getsleep(){ return sleep; }

	///显示床的属性
	void showBed()
	{
	    showFurniture();
	    cout<<type<<"能用来"<<sleep<<endl;
	}

    ///床的睡觉功能
	void beginSleep(){  //睡觉

        cout <<"床能用来睡觉"<<endl;
        int sleepTime = rand()%4;
        cout<<"随机产生的睡觉时间："<<sleepTime<<"（小时）"<<endl;
        Sleep(sleepTime * 1000);
        cout << sleepTime <<"小时过后，睡醒了" <<endl;
    }
	string sleep;
};

#endif // Bed_

Sofa.cpp

#include <iostream>
#include"Sofa.cpp"
#include"Bed.cpp"
#include"Furniture.cpp"
using namespace std;

class SofaBed:public Sofa,public Bed{
public:
	SofaBed(string seat,string sleep,float length,float width,float height,string type,int price,string texture):Furniture(length,width,height,type,price,texture)
	,Sofa(seat,length,width,height,type,price,texture),Bed(sleep,length,width,height,type,price,texture){
	    this->sleep=sleep;
	    this->seat=seat;
	    this->length=length;
	    this->width=width;
	    this->height=height;
	    this->type=type;
	    this->price=price;
	    this->texture=texture;
	    }
	 ///显示沙发床属性
	void showSofaBed()
	{
	    showFurniture();
	    cout<<type<<"不仅能用来"<<seat<<"睡，还能用来"<<sleep<<endl;
	}
};

main.cpp

#include <iostream>
#include"Sofa.cpp"
#include"Bed.cpp"
#include"SofaBed.cpp"
using namespace std;

int main()
{
    Sofa sofa(/**沙发的功能*/ "坐",/**长*/ 1.8,/**宽*/ 0.8,/**高*/ 0.5,/**类型*/ "沙发",/**价格*/ 1500,/**材质*/ "牛皮");
    sofa.showSofa();   ///显示沙发属性
    Bed bed(/**床的功能*/ "睡",/**长*/ 2.2,/**宽*/ 1.4,/**高*/ 0.7,/**类型*/ "床",/**价格*/ 2000,/**材质*/ "席梦思弹簧");
    bed.showBed();    ///显示床的属性
    SofaBed sofaBed("坐","睡",/**长*/ 2.5,/**宽*/ 1.7,/**高*/ 0.6,/**类型*/"沙发床",/**价格*/ 3000,/**材质*/ "海绵");
    sofaBed.showSofaBed();   ///显示沙发床属性
    sofaBed.beginSleep();    ///床的睡觉功能
    return 0;
}

【实验结果】

【小结或讨论】
本次实验是实验八 类的继承（2），主要目的是正确使用类的继承和组合进行类的设计，依旧采用的是多文件结构,
第一题正确使用类的继承和组合进行类的设计，分别表示房间Room.cpp、休息室Lounge.cpp、教室Classroom.cpp、投影仪Projector.cpp，沙发Sofa.cpp，为房间类设计的属性有长、宽、高、名字、颜色等，其中颜色用枚举表Color声明的变量来指定房间的颜色，之后主要的功能函数就是为房间进行装修：包括给墙的四周刷墙漆、购买投影仪和沙发等。
第二题，正确使用类的继承进行类的设计，分别表示家具Furniture.cpp、沙发Sofa.cpp、床Bed.cpp、沙发床SofaBed.cpp，四个类的设计和代码编写倒是没有什么困难，但是在声明沙发床的构造函数的时候，CodeBlocks报了error: no matching function for call to 'Sofa::Sofa()'的错，开始一直百思不得其解：编译器为什么一定要我去调用父类的构造函数，这不是必须的呀，后来只能在SofaBed()函数里调用了其他的三个构造函数，编译器就没有报错了。然后我在把书重新看了一遍，猛然发现我犯了书上说的极端的错：父类声明了带形参的构造函数，而且没有声明默认的不带形参的构造函数。才恍然大悟为什么编译器会报要我手动调用父类构造函数的错了，平常的编码习惯都会先加上类默认的构造函数的，但今天不知道的就怎么忘记了，看来养成良好的编码习惯，写出符合规范的代码还需要多多加油。